IDE 620 Week 1 Flashcards
The type of statistical analysis focused on describing, summarizing, or explaining a set of data.
Descriptive statistics
The type of statistical analysis focused on making inferences about populations based on sample data
Inferential statistics
A set of data where the rows are “cases” and the columns are “variables”
Data set
Data arrangement in which the frequencies of each unique data value is shown
Frequency distribution
Graphs that use vertical bars to represent the data values of a categorical variable
Bar graph
Graph depicting frequencies and distribution of a quantitative variable
Histogram
A graph relying on the drawing of one or more lines connecting data points.
Line graph
A graphical depiction of the relationship between two quantitative variables
Scatterplot
Numerical value expressing what is typical of the values of a quantitative variable
Measures of Central Tendency
The most frequently occurring number
Mode
The center point in an ordered set of numbers
Median
The arithmetic average
Mean
Numerical value expressing how spread out or how much variation is present in the values of a quantitative variable
Measures of variability
Highest number minus the lowest number
Range
The average deviation of data values from their mean in squared units
Variance
The square root of the variance
Standard deviation
A theoretical distribution that follows the 68, 95, 99.7 percent rule
Normal distribution
Rule stating percentage of cases falling within 1, 2, and 3 standard deviations from the mean on a normal distribution
68, 95, 99.7
A score that has been transformed into standard deviation units
z score
The difference between two means in the variables’ natural units
Unstandardized difference between means
The difference between two means in standard deviation units
Cohen’s d
index of magnitude or strength of a relationship or difference between means
Effect size indicator
Index indicating the strength and direction of linear relationship between two quantitative variables
Correlation coefficient
Correlation in which values of two variables tend to move in opposite directions
Negative correlation