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Qualifying Exams > Chapter 12, 13, 14 Research Methods > Flashcards

Chapter 12, 13, 14 Research Methods Flashcards

1
Q

Manipulating the independent variable by giving the various comparison groups different amounts of the independent variable

A

Amount Technique

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2
Q

A control method that can be used to statistically equate groups that differ on a pretest or some other variable; used to examine the relationship between one categorical independent variable and one quantitative dependent variable, controlling for one or more extraneous variables (also called ANCOVA)

A

Analysis of Covariance

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3
Q

Each participant receives only one level of the independent variable

A

Between-Subjects Independent Variable

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4
Q

A sequencing effect that occurs when performance in one treatment condition is influenced by participation in a prior treatment condition(s)

A

Carryover Effect

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5
Q

A combination of two or more independent variables in a factorial design

A

Cell

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6
Q

Attending to temporal, place, and relational aspects of reality

A

Being in the Midst

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7
Q

A control method that can be used to statistically equate groups that differ on a pretest or some other variable; used to examine the relationship between one categorical independent variable and one quantitative dependent variable, controlling for one or more extraneous variables (also called ANCOVA)

A

Analysis of Covariance

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8
Q

The group that does not receive the experimental treatment condition`

A

Control Group

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9
Q

Administering all experimental treatment conditions to all participants but in different orders; it is used with within-subjects independent variables

A

Counterbalancing

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10
Q

A bounded system

A

case

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11
Q

When the influence of an extraneous variable is different for the various comparison groups

A

Differential Influence

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12
Q

A form of qualitative research that is focused on providing a detailed account of the characteristics and dynamics present in one or more cases

A

Case Study Research

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13
Q

An interaction effect that occurs when the lines on a graph plotting the effect cross

A

Disordinal Interaction Effect

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14
Q

Studying multiple cases in one research study

A

Collective Case Study

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15
Q

A form of explanatory research in which the researcher hypothesizes a causal model and then empirically tests the model

A

Causal Modelling

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16
Q

Searching for similarities and differences across multiple cases; contrasted with within-case analysis

A

Cross-Case Analysis

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17
Q

Any group of people with a common classification or characteristic

A

Cohort

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18
Q

A design in which neither the researcher nor the participant knows the specific condition (experimental or control) that the participant is in

A

Double-Blind Procedure

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19
Q

The inquiry space created between researchers and participants during conduct of the research

A

Field

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20
Q

The term narrative inquirers use for data

A

Field Texts

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21
Q

Data are collected at a single point in time

A

Cross-Sectional Research

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22
Q

Final representations of a narrative inquiry, such as books and articles, dissertations, theses, and presentations for academic and nonacademic audiences, that are made public for a wider audience

A

Final Research Texts

23
Q

Experimenter’s goal of constructing comparison groups that are similar on all confounding extraneous variables and different only on the independent variable

A

Equating the Comparison Groups

24
Q

An environment in which the researcher attempts to objectively observe phenomena that are made to occur in a strictly controlled situation in which one or more variables are varied and the others are kept constant

A

Experiment

25
Q

Interest is in understanding something more general than the particular case

A

Instrumental Case Study

26
Q

Eliminating any differential influence of extraneous variables

A

Experimental Control

27
Q

Experimental Group

A

The group that receives the experimental treatment condition

28
Q

A design in which two or more independent variables, at least one of which is manipulated, are simultaneously studied to determine their independent and interactive effects on the dependent variable

A

Factorial Design

29
Q

A factorial design in which different participants are randomly assigned to the different levels of one independent variable, but all participants take all levels of another independent variable

A

Factorial Design Based on a Mixed Model

30
Q

An experimental study that is conducted in a real-life setting

A

Field Experiment

31
Q

When the effect of one independent variable on the dependent variable varies across or depends on the level of another independent variable

A

Interaction Effect

32
Q

An experimental study that is conducted over the Internet

A

Internet Experiment

33
Q

A study conducted in a controlled environment where one or more variables are precisely manipulated and all or nearly all extraneous variables are controlled

A

Laboratory Experiment

34
Q

The effect of one independent variable

A

Main Effect

35
Q

The mean of scores in the cells of a column or a row

A

Marginal Mean

36
Q

Equating the comparison groups on one or more variables that are correlated with the dependent variable

A

Matching

37
Q

Administering a posttest to a single group of participants after they have been given an experimental treatment condition

A

One-Group Posttest-Only Design

38
Q

Administering a posttest to a single group of participants after they have been pretested and given an experimental treatment condition

A

One-Group Pretest-Posttest Design

39
Q

A sequencing effect that occurs from the order in which the treatment conditions are administered

A

Order Effect

40
Q

An interaction effect that occurs when the lines on a graph plotting the effect do not cross

A

Ordinal Interaction Effect

41
Q

Administering a posttest to two randomly assigned groups of participants after one group has been administered the experimental treatment condition

A

Posttest-Only Control-Group Design

42
Q

Comparing the posttest performance of a group of participants who have been given an experimental treatment condition with that of a group that has not been given the experimental treatment condition

A

Posttest-Only Design with Nonequivalent Groups

43
Q

Manipulating the independent variable by presenting one group the treatment condition and withholding it from the other group

A

Presence or Absence Technique

44
Q

A research design that administers a posttest to two randomly assigned groups of participants after both have been pretested and one of the groups has been administered the experimental treatment condition

A

Pretest-Posttest Control-Group Design

45
Q

An experimental research design that does not provide for full control of potential confounding variables primarily because it does not randomly assign participants to comparison groups; it is superior to a weak but inferior to a strong experimental design

A

Quasi-Experimental Design

46
Q

A procedure that makes assignments to conditions on the basis of chance and in this way maximizes the probability that the comparison groups will be equated on all extraneous variables; randomly assigning a set of people to different groups

A

Random Assignment

47
Q

A popular term for experimental designs with random assignment of participants to experimental and control groups and, if possible, the use of double-blind procedures

A

RCT

48
Q

A design in which all participants participate in all experimental treatment conditions

A

Repeated-Measures Design

49
Q

The outline, plan, or strategy that is used to answer a research question

A

Research Design

50
Q

Biasing effects that can occur when each participant must participate in each experimental treatment condition

A

Sequencing Effects

51
Q

Design in which the participant does not know the specific condition he or she is in

A

Single Blind Procedure

52
Q

Manipulating the independent variable by varying the type of condition presented to the different comparison groups

A

Type Technique

53
Q

All participants receive all levels of the independent variable

A

Within-Subjects Independent Variable

Qualifying Exams (22 decks)

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