Repro1b Flashcards
Endometritis
Inflammation associated with retained products of pregnancy, or an IUD.
Endometriosis
Non-neoplastic endometrial glands/stroma outside of the uterine cavity. Commonly found on ovary (chocolate cyst), pelvis or peritoneum. Can be caused by retrograde flow. Heavy bleeding, dysmenorrhea, normal sized uterus.
Adenomyosis
Extension of endometrial tissue into myometrium. Hyperplasia of basalis layer. Dysmenorrhea, spongy uterus.
Endometrial Hyperplasia
Abnormal endometrial gland proliferation from excess estrogen. Ups risk for endometrial carcinoma. Postmenopausal vaginal bleeding. Risk factors: anovulatory cycles, hormone replacement therapy, PCOS and granulosa cell tumor.
Endometrial Carcinoma
Most common gyn malignancy. 55-65 y/o. Vaginal bleeding, preceded by endometrial hyperplasia. Unopposed estrogen, obesity, HTN and late menopause.
Leiomyoma (fibroid)
Higher rate in blacks. Smooth muscle tumor. 20-40 y/o. Severe bleeding can lead to anemia. Smooth muscles.
What is the incidence of different gyn tumors?
endometrial > ovarian > cervical
Which gyn cancers have the worst prognosis?
ovarian > cervical > endometrial
Serous Cyst
Most common neoplams. Thin wall, often bilateral.
Mucinous Cyst
Multiloculated, large. Lined by mucus secretin epithelium.
Dermoid cyst.
aka- Teratoma. May cause thyroid issues.
Granulosa cell tumor.
Malignant. Often produce estrogen. Abnormal bleeding.
Serous cystadenocarcinoma.
most common ovarian neoplasm.
Dysgerminoma
Equivalent to male seminoma, but rarer. HCG, LDH = tumor markers
Choriocarcinoma
Rare. Malignancy of trophoblastic tissue. Ups frequency of theca-lutein cyst. Presents with abnormal beta-HCG, hemoptysis. Very responsive to chemotherapy.
