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Med School: Semester 2 > endocrine 2a > Flashcards

endocrine 2a Flashcards

1
Q

What is an example of a glucocorticoid? What is it’s fxn?

A

Cortisol.

Running from bears: increase gluconeogenesis and lipolysis, decrease protein synth and glucose uptake.

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2
Q

What is an example of a mineralocorticoid? What is it’s fxn?

A

Aldosterone.

Out: K+/H+
In: Na+

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3
Q

What disease is an excess in cortisol?

A

Cushing.

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4
Q

What disease is an excess in aldosterone?

A

Conn’s.

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5
Q

What disease is insufficient cortisol and aldosterone?

A

Addison’s.

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6
Q

What zone do the following come from: Aldosterone, Cortisol, Dehydroepiandrosterone, Corticosterone?

A

Zona Glomerulosa: Aldosterone

Zona Fasciculata: Cortisol and Corticosterone

Zona Reticularis: Dehydroepiandrosterone

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7
Q

How does ACTH stimulate cortisol production in the fasciculata cells?

A

ACTH > up cAMP > block K+ channels > depolarize > Ca++ enters cell

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8
Q

How does Ang II stimulate aldosterone production in the glomerulosa cells?

A

Ang II > up PLC > IP3 > open Ca++ channels > increase in cellular Ca++

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9
Q

How does K+ stimulate aldosterone production in the glomerulosa cells?

A

up K+ > depolarize > Ca++ enters the cell

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10
Q

What are some properties of glucocorticoid receptors in regards to high and low affinity?

A

a. low affinity
b. respond to cortisol
c. aldosterone concentrations too low to bind

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11
Q

What is the role of 11beta-HSD?

A

It metabolizes cortisol into cortisone so that it does not bind to high-affinity receptors (MR)

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12
Q

What is the acting and secreting hormone in the zona glomerulosa?

A

acting: angiotensin, ACTH
secreting: mineralocorticoids

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13
Q

What is the acting and secreting hormone in the zona fasciculata?

A

acting: corticotropin
secreting: glucocorticoids and androgens

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14
Q

What is the acting and secreting hormone in the zona reticularis?

A

acting: corticotropin
secreting: glucocorticoids and androgens

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15
Q

What is the acting and secreting hormone in the medulla?

A

acting: preganglionic fibers
secreting: epi and norepi

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16
Q

Tell me about FLAT PiG.

A 
Basophilic Cells:
FSH
LH
ACTH
TSH

Acidophilic:
Prolactin
GH

17
Q

What do neurophysin I and II do?

A

I = carrier protein for adh. II = carrier protein for oxytocin.

The hormone and it’s carrier protein are both cleaved from the same prohormone.

18
Q

Where does alpha-MSH come from?

A

ACTH

19
Q

What is the precursor hormone for ACTH?

A

POMC

20
Q

LH, FSH, and TSH all have the same what? What is the fxn of each?

A

All have same alpha subunit.

LH, FSH: stimulate gonads

TSH: stimulate growth and fxn of thyroid.

All are glycoproteins hormones.

21
Q

What are the somatomammotropin hormones?

A

GH: growth and development

PRL: lactation, suppress menstration

Med School: Semester 2 (37 decks)

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