Reliability and validity Flashcards
What does reliability refer to?
How consistently it measures
What are some factors that can affect the reliability of research?
Conditions of testing
Interpretations
Standardisation
Sample
What are conditions of testing?
Is there anything in the environment that will affect participants
What does interpretation refer to?
How participants interperet different questions/behaviour (are there any inconsistency)
What is standardisation?
Are all participants doing the same thing?
How does sample impact reliability?
Potential impact of participant variables
What is external reliability?
does the method produce the same results each time the test is carried out
What is the test retest method?
Administering the same test twice to see if the same results are obtained
What is inter rater reliability?
Two researchers will observe the behaviour independantly and compare data after
What is internal reliability often assosiated with?
measures such as attitude scales or personality tests
What is the split half method?
Splitting a test into two having the same participant do both halves
What makes a test valid?
If it measures what it claims to measure
What is internal validity?
Whether a studys results were really due to the variables the researcher suggest were tested by their methodology
What is external validity?
The extent to which the results of a study can be generalised beyond the study
What is population validity?
Can we generalise from this sample to a wider group
What is ecological validity?
Can we generalise from the set of environmental conditions created by the researcher to other environmental to other environmental conditions
What is experimenter bias?
Experimenters personal views influence evaluation
What are individual differences?
Key aspects of a persons life outside the experiment that can influence results
What are order effects?
The order in which the tasks are carried out skew results
What are demand characteristics?
When participants alter their behaviour based onn what they think the researcher wants
What is face validity?
Does something look like it will measure what it is supposed to measure
What is construct validity?
Do the measures relate to the assumed characteristics of what is being assesed
What is concurrent validity?
When a test correlates well with a measure that has previously been validated
What is criterion validity?
The extent to which a measure can predict the performance or behaviour of the measured thing
What is external validity?
Whether the findings of the study can be generalised beyond the context of the study
What is population validity?
The extent to which findings can be generalised to other populations of people
What is ecological validity?
The extent to which the findings can be generalised beyond the present situation
