Loftus and Palmer

Question 1

What was the aim of the Loftus and Palmer study (experiment 1)?

Answer 1

To investigate the accuracy of memory

Question 2

What was the aim of the first experiment?

Answer 2

To see if estimates given by participants were influenced by the wording of the leading question

Question 3

How many participants were used in the first experiment?

Answer 3

45

Question 4

What materials were used in the experiment?

Answer 4

Seven film clips of traffic accidents from safety or driver education films

Question 5

How long did each film clip last?

Answer 5

5 - 30 seconds

Question 6

What were participants asked to do after watching the film clips?

Answer 6

They were asked to write an account of what they saw and answer some specific questions

Question 7

What were the verbs used in the leading question?

Answer 7

Smashed
Collided
Bumped
Hit
Contacted

Question 8

Mean speed estimate for smashed?

Answer 8

40.8

Question 9

Mean speed estimate for Collided?

Answer 9

39.3

Question 10

Mean speed estimate for Bumped?

Answer 10

38.1

Question 11

Mean speed estimate for hit?

Answer 11

34

Question 12

Mean speed estimate for contacted?

Answer 12

31.8

Question 13

What were the two interpretations/explanations of the results?

Answer 13

Response bias: participants gave the answer they thought the researcher wanted
Memory is altered

Question 14

Why was the second experiment carried out?

Answer 14

To determine which of the conclusions from experiment 1 was correct

Question 15

What was the aim of the second experiment?

Answer 15

To investigate whether leading questions actually bias a persons response or actually alters memory

Question 16

How many participants were in the second experiment?

Answer 16

150

Question 17

What were the three groups and what were they asked?

Answer 17

50 - How fast were the cars going when they hit eachother?
50 - How fast were the cars going when they smashed into eachother?
50 were not asked about the speed of the veichles (control group)

Question 18

What was the critical question all participants were asked?

Answer 18

Did you see any broken glass?
(there was no broken glass in the film)

Question 19

How many in the smashed condition said they saw broken glass?

Answer 19

16

Question 20

How many in the hit condition said they saw broken glass?

Answer 20

7

Question 21

How many in the control group said they saw broken glass?

Answer 21

6

Question 22

Which conclusion was found to be correct?

Answer 22

Leading questions alter a persons memory of an event

Question 23

What are the two kinds of information they argued entered a persons memory of a complex event?

Answer 23

Information obtained from perceiving the event
Information supplied to us after an event

Question 24

What was the research method used in the study?

Answer 24

Lab experiment