Rate-limiting enzymes Flashcards
glycolysis
PFK-1
stim by: AMP, F-2,6-BP
inhib by: ATP, citrate
gluconeogenesis
F-1,6-bisphosphatase
stim by: ATP
inhib by: AMP, F-2,6-BP
TCA cycle
isocitrate dehydrogenase
stim by: ADP
inhib by: ATP, NADH
glycogen synthesis
glycogen synthase
stim by: insulin, glucose
inhib by: glucagon, epinephrine
glycogenolysis
glycogen phosphorylase
stim by: AMP, glucagon, epinephrine
inhib by: ATP, insulin
HMP shunt
G6PD
stim by: NADP
inhib by: NADPH
de novo pyrimidine synthesis
CPS-II
de novo purine synthesis
glutamine-PRPP amidotransferase
inhib by: AMP, IMP, GMP
urea cycle
CPS-I
stim by: N-acetylglutamate
FA synthesis
acetyl-CoA carboxylase
stim by: insulin, citrate
inhib by: glucagon, palmitoyl-CoA
FA oxidation
Carnitine acyltransferase I
inhib by: malonyl-CoA
ketogenesis
HMG-CoA synthase
cholesterol synthesis
HMG-CoA reductase
stim by: insulin, thyroxine
inhib by: glucagon, cholesterol
