Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

USMLE Step 1 Random Facts > Endocrine > Flashcards

Endocrine Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

MEN 1 (Wermer’s synd)

A

3Ps
Parathyroid tumors
Pituitary tumors (prolactin or GH)
Pancreatic tumors (Zollinger-Ellison synd, insulinomas, VIPomas, glucagonomas [rare])

gene defect on MENIN gene on chrom 11

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

MEN 2A (Sipple’s synd)

A

2Ps
Parathyroid tumors
Pheochromocytoma
Medullary thyroid carcinoma (secretes calcitonin)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

MEN 2B

A

1P
Pheochromocytoma
Medullary thyroid carcinoma (secretes calcitonin)
Oral/intestinal ganglioneuromatosis (ass w/ marfinoid habitus)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

MEN2A + 2B have what gene mutation?

A

ret

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

TRH stimulates?

A

TSH

prolactin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

dopamine inhibits?

A

prolactin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

CRH stimulates?

A

ACTH
MSH
beta-endorphins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Somatostatin inhibits?

A

GH

TSH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

prolactin inhibits?

A

GnRH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

triad of glucagonoma

A

diabetes mellitus
necrolytic erythema
anemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

external branch of superior laryngeal n. innervates?

A

cricothyroid m.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

ligation of superior thyroid artery during thyroidectomy can ligate what nerve?

A

external branch of superior laryngeal n.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

ligation of inferior thyroid artery can damage what nerve?

A

recurrent laryngeal n.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

hormones using cAMP

A 
FSH
LH
ACTH
TSH
CRH
hCG
ADH (V2 recept)
MSH
PTH
calcitonin
GHRH
glucagon
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

hormones using cGMP

A

ANP
NO

“vasodilators”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

hormones using steroid receptors

A 
vit D
estrogen
testosterone
T3/T4
cortisol
aldosterone
progesterone
17
Q

hormones using intrinsic tyrosine kinase

A 
insulin
IGF-1
FGF
PDGF
EGF

MAP kinase pathway

“think growth factors”

18
Q

hormones using receptor-associated tyrosine kinase

A

prolactin
immunomodulators (ex. cytokines IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IFN)
GH

JAK/STAT pathway

19
Q

hormones that have common alpha-subunit

A

LH
FSH
TSH
beta-hCG

20
Q

hormone used to reduce splanchnic blood flow + what is it used to tx?

A

somatostatin

used to tx - bleeding varices (portal HTN), bleeding PUD

21
Q

GH secretion increased w/?

A 
exercise
sleep
hypoglycemia
estrogen
stress
endogenous opioids
22
Q

GH secretion decreased w/?

A 
glucose
somatostatin
GHIH
pregnancy
obesity
23
Q

17alpha-hydroxylase needed for prod of what hormones

A

cortisol

androgens

24
Q

21-hydroxylase needed for prod of what hormones

A

aldosterone

cortisol

25
Q

11beta-hydroxylase needed for prod of what hormones

A

aldosterone (but 11-deoxycorticosterone w/ weak mineralocorticoid activity still prod)
cortisol

26
Q

3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase needed for prod of what hormones

A

ALL 3 adrenal hormones

27
Q

desmolase needed for prod of what hormones

A

ALL 3 adrenal hormones bc it converts cholesterol —> pregnenolone (precursor)

28
Q

pregnenolone acted upon by 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase produces what

A

progesterone

29
Q

GC increase levels of what leukocyte in blood? decrease levels of what?

A

increase - neutrophils (by decreasing adhesion)

decrease - eosinophils

30
Q

what 2 decreased mineral levels increase PTH secretion

A

Ca

Mg (but if TOO decreased –> decreases PTH secretion)

31
Q

increased TBG in

A

preg + OCP use

estrogen increases TBG by decreasing catabolism –> increases TOTAL T4/T3, but FREE thyroid hormone levels are NORMAL

32
Q

decreased TBG in

A

hepatic failure, low-protein states

TOTAL T4/T3 decreased, but FREE levels are increased!!

33
Q

paraneoplastic synd ass w/ neuroblastoma

A

opsonus-myoclonus

34
Q

hashimoto’s thyroiditis increases risk of

A

B-cell lymphoma

35
Q

histo in T1DM vs T2DM

A

T1DM - leukocytic infiltrate

T2DM - islet amyloid (AIAPP) deposit

36
Q

sulfonylureas that can cause disulfiram-like rxn

A

tolbutamide

chlorpropamide

USMLE Step 1 Random Facts (35 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions