Neuro

Question 1

Hypothalamus (HTM) - area postrema does?

Answer 1

responds to emetics

Question 2

HTM - OVLT functions?

Answer 2

senses changes in osmolarity

Question 3

supraoptic nucleus secretes

Answer 3

ADH

Question 4

paraventricular nucleus secretes

Answer 4

oxytocin

Question 5

lateral area HTM does?

Answer 5

HUNGER; destruction –> anorexia
inhib by leptin
prod hypocretin-1, hypocretin-2 –> deficiency of = narcolepsy w/ cataplexy; function to promote wakefulness and inhibit REM sleep-related phenomena

Question 6

ventromedial area HTM does?

Answer 6

SATIETY; destruction (craniopharyngioma) –> hyperphagia

stim by leptin

Question 7

Anterior HTM does?

Answer 7

cooling, parasympathetic

Question 8

posterior HTM does?

Answer 8

heating, sympathetic

Question 9

suprachiasmatic nucleus does?

Answer 9

circadian rhythm

Question 10

intracranial calcified cystic mass is probably?

Answer 10

craniopharyngioma

Question 11

symptoms of normal pressure hydrocephalus?

Answer 11

urinary incontinence
ataxia
cognitive dysfunction

via distortion of corona radiata fibers

“wet, wacky, wobbly”

Question 12

lateral –> 3rd ventricle via?

Answer 12

interventricular foramina of Monro

Question 13

3rd –> 4th ventricle via?

Answer 13

cerebral aqueduct of Sylvius

Question 14

4th –> subarachnoid space via?

Answer 14

lateral - foramina of Lushka
medial - foramina of Magendie

drains to sup sagittal sinus

Question 15

what is seen in stenosis of the aqueduct of Sylvius?

Answer 15

paralysis of upward gaze

Question 16

MRI shows posterior globe flattening in?

Answer 16

pseudotumor cerebri

Question 17

headache caused by nonmalig arterial HTN

Answer 17

occipital morning headaches

Question 18

cluster headaches vs. trigeminal neuralgia?

Answer 18

cluster HA = >15 mins

TN = “electric pain”; <1min

Question 19

what exits via cribriform plate

Answer 19

CN I

Question 20

what exits via optic canal

Answer 20

CN II
ophthalmic artery
central retinal vein

Question 21

what exits via superior orbital fissure

Answer 21

CN III, IV, V1 (ophthalmic), VI
ophthalmic vein
sympathetic fibers

Question 22

what exits via foramen rotundum

Answer 22

CN V2 (maxillary)

Question 23

what exits via foramen ovale

Answer 23

CN V3 (mandibular)

Question 24

what exits via foramen spinosum

Answer 24

middle meningeal artery

Question 25

what exits via internal auditory meatus

Answer 25

CN VII, VIII

Question 26

what exits via stylomastoid foramen

Answer 26

CN VII

Question 27

what exits via jugular foramen

Answer 27

CN IX, X, XI | jugular vein

Question 28

what exits via hypoglossal canal

Answer 28

CN XII

Question 29

what exits via foramen magnum

Answer 29

spinal roots of CN XI brain stem vertebral arteries

Question 30

CN nuclei are located where?

Answer 30

in tegmentum portion of brain stem (b/w dorsal/ventral portions) lateral nuclei = sensory (alar plate) medial nuclei - motor (basal plate)

Question 31

midbrain contains what nuclei?

Answer 31

CN III, IV

Question 32

pons contains what nuclei?

Answer 32

CN V, VI, VII, VIII

Question 33

medulla contains what nuclei?

Answer 33

CN IX, X, XII

Question 34

spinal cord contains what nuclei?

Answer 34

CN XI

Question 35

nucleus solitarius responsible for (and CN)?

Answer 35

visceral sensory info (ex. taste, baroreceptors, gut distention) CN VII, IX, X

Question 36

nucleus ambiguus responsible for (and CN)?

Answer 36

motor innerv of pharynx, larynx, upper esophagus (ex. swallowing, palate elevation) CN IX, X

Question 37

dorsal motor nucleus responsible for (and CN)?

Answer 37

sends autonomic (parasymp) fibers to heart, lungs, upper GI CN X

Question 38

cavernous sinus contains?

Answer 38

CN III, IV, V1, V2, VI + postgang sympath fibers | cavernous portion of ICA

Question 39

excitatory NT involved in pain

Answer 39

substance P

Question 40

triad of Multiple sclerosis

Answer 40

scanning speech intention tremors (incontinence, intranuclear ophthalmoplegia) nystagmus also, optic neuritis

Question 41

triad of Kluver-Bucy synd

Answer 41

hyperorality hypersexuality disinhibited behavior

Question 42

first area damaged by global cerebral ischemia

Answer 42

hippocampus