Immunology Flashcards
1
Q
Upper limb, lateral breast lymph drainage (LD)
A
Axillary
2
Q
stomach LD
A
celiac
3
Q
duodenum, jejunum LD
A
superior mesenteric
4
Q
sigmoid colon LD
A
inferior mesenteric
5
Q
rectum (lower portion) of anal canal (below pectinate line) LD
A
superficial inguinal
6
Q
testes LD
A
para-aortic
7
Q
scrotum LD
A
superficial inguinal
8
Q
thigh (superficial) LD
A
superficial inguinal
9
Q
lateral side of dorsum of foot LD
A
popliteal
10
Q
HLA-A3
A
hemochromatosis
11
Q
HLA-B27
A
PAIR: psoriasis, ankylosing spondylitis, Inflammatory Bowel Dz, Reiter’s synd
12
Q
HLA-DQ2/DQ8
A
celiac dz
13
Q
HLA-DR2
A
Multiple sclerosis, hay fever, SLE, Goodpasture’s
14
Q
HLA-DR3
A
type I DM, Grave’s dz
15
Q
HLA-DR4
A
RA, type I DM
16
Q
HLA-DR5
A
pernicious anemia –> B12 def, Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
17
Q
polio (Sabin)
A
live attenuated vaccine
18
Q
polio (Salk)
A
inactivated/killed vaccine
19
Q
type II HST rxns in:
A
AIHA, pernicious anemia, ITP, erythroblastosis fetalis, acute hemolytic transfusion rxns, rheumatic fever, Goodpasture’s synd, bullous pemphigoid, pemphigus vulgaris
20
Q
type III HST rxns in:
A
SLE, polyarteritis nodosa, post-strep glomerulonephritis, serum sickness, arthus rxn (eg. swelling/inflamm after tetanus vaccine), HST pneumonitis
21
Q
type IV HST rxns in:
A
multiple sclerosis, guillain-barre synd, GVH dz, PPD, contact dermatitis
22
Q
ANA
A
SLE, nonspecific
23
Q
Anti-dsDNA, anti-Smith
A
SLE
24
Q
Antihistone
A
drug-induced lupus
25
rheumatoid factor, anti-CCP
RA
26
Anticentromere
CREST synd
27
Anti-Scl-70 (anti-DNA topoisomerase I)
diffuse scleroderma
28
antimitochondrial
primary biliary cirrhosis
29
IgA antiendomysial, IgA anti-tissue transglutaminase
Celiac
30
Anti-basement membrane
Goodpasture's synd
31
anti-desmoglein
pemphigus vulgaris
32
type I HST rxns in:
bee sting/food/drug allergies, rhinitis, hay fever, eczema, hives, asthma
33
antimicrosomal, antithyroglobulin
hashimoto's thyroiditis
34
Anti-Jo-1, anti-SRP, anti-Mi-2
polymyositis, dermatomyositis
35
Anti-SSA (anti-Ro), Anti-SSB (anti-La)
Sjogren's synd
36
Anti-U1 RNP
mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD)
37
anti-smooth muscle
autoimmune hepatitis
38
anti-glutamate decarboxylase
type I DM
39
c-ANCA (PR3-ANCA)
granulomatosis w/ polyangiitis (Wegener's)
40
p-ANCA (MPO-ANCA)
microscopic polyangiitis, Churg-Strauss synd
41
hyperacute rejection
type II
| preformed anti-donor Ab in transplant recipient
42
acute rejection
cell-mediated - CTLs against foreign MHCs
reversible w/ immunosuppressants
vasculitis w/ dense interstitial lymphocytic infiltrate
43
chronic rejection
perceived by CTLs as class I MHC cells presenting a non-self antigen
irreversible
obliterative vascular fibrosis; fibrosis of graft tissue
44
GVH disease
grafted T-cells prolif in immunocompromised host and reject cells w/ "foreign" antigen (severe organ dysfunction)
maculopapular rash, jaundice, hepatosplenomegaly, diarrhea
usually in bone marrow and liver transplants
45
HLA-B8
Grave's disease
46
glans penis LD
deep inguinal
47
cutaneous portion of posterior calf LD
deep inguinal
48
cytokines secreted by macrophages
```
IL-1
IL-6
IL-8
IL-12
TNF-alpha
```
49
cytokines secreted by all T-cells
IL-2
| IL-3
50
cytokines secreted by Th1 cells
IFN-gamma
51
cytokines secreted by Th2 cells
IL-4
IL-5
IL-10
52
NK cells activated by what cytokines?
IL-2
IL-12
IFN-beta
IFN-alpha
53
NK cell mostly induced to kill when
absence of MHC I on target cell
54
NK cells secrete what cytokine
IFN-gamma
55
surface markers of NK cells?
CD16 (binds constant region of Ab - Fc; ADCC killing)
| CD56 (unique for this!!)
56
activated regulatory T-cells produce what cytokines?
IL-10
| TGF-beta
57
T-cell markers?
CD3 (ass w/ TCR for signal transduction)
TCR (bind antigen-MHC complex)
CD28 (binds B7)
58
Helper T-cell unique marker?
CD40 ligand
59
B-cell markers?
IgM, IgD
CD19, CD20
CD21 (receptor for EBV)
CD40
60
unique macrophage markers?
CD14
| Fc and C3b receptors (enhanced phagocytosis)
61
two impt opsonins
C3b, IgG
62
classic pathway begins w/ what complement?
C1
63
alternative pathway begins w/?
C3
64
lectin pathway begins w/?
mannose-binding lectin
65
IL-1
causes fever, acute inflamm
66
IL-6
also secreted by Th2 cells
| fever + prod of acute phase reactants
67
IL-8
chemotactic for neutrophils
68
IL-12
differentiation of T-cells into Th1 cells
activates NK cells
secreted by B-cells also
69
TNF-alpha
septic shock!
leukocyte recruitment
vascular leakage
signals for apoptosis of tumor cells
70
IL-2
growth of all T-cells
promotes growth of B-cells + activates NK-cells, monocytes
first IL produced by T-cells after contact w/ antigen
71
IL-3
growth/diff of bone marrow stem cells
| like GM-CSF
72
IFN-gamma
activates macrophages and Th1 cells
| suppresses Th2 cells
73
IL-4
```
growth of B-cells
diff into Th2 cells
class switch to IgE and IgG
```
74
IL-5
diff of B-cells
class switch to IgA
growth/diff of eosinophils
75
IL-10
modulate inflamm response
INHIBIT Th1 and macrophages
secreted by regulatory T-cells also
similar actions seen in TGF-beta!!!! (inhib inflamm)
76
acute phase cytokines prod by macrophages
IL-1
IL-6
TNF-alpha
77
cytokines promoting B-cell growth/diff?
IL-4, IL-5
| IL-2
78
cytokines promoting inflammation?
IL-1
IL-6
TNF-alpha
79
cytokines released by virus-infected cells
IFN-alpha
| IFN-beta
80
C1 esterase inhibitor deficiency causes/CI uses?
```
hereditary angioedema (increased bradykinin)
ACE inhib CI
```
81
C3 deficiency causes?
recurrent pyogenic sinus/resp tract infection (S.pneumo, H.influenza especially)
increased suscept to type III HST rxns
82
C5-C9 deficiencies (MAC complex) causes?
recurrent Neisseria bacteremia
83
DAF (CD55) deficiency causes?
complement-med lysis of RBCs
| PNH
84
pts suscept to what organisms in chronic granulomatous dz?
```
catalase +:
S.aureus
E.coli
Klebsiella
Aspergillus
Candida
P.cepacia
```
85
medullary cords of LN contain?
lymphocytes/plasma cells
86
medullary sinuses contain?
reticular cells/macrophages
87
only APC that can activate a naive T-cell
dendritic cell
88
regulatory T-cell express what markers?
CD3, CD4, CD25 (alpha chain of IL-2 receptor)
89
in the classic pathway what 2 complement factors make up C3 convertase?
C2a + C4b
90
what complement factor is added to make C5 convertase?
C3b
91
MOA of superantigens
cross-link beta region of T-cell receptor to MHC class II on APCs
92
MOA of endotoxins
DIRECTLY stim macrophages by binding receptor on CD14
93
ataxia telangiectasia
triad:
- cerebellar defects
- spider angiomas
- IgA deficiency
see: increased alpha-fetoprotein
94
marker missing in Leukocyte Adhesion deficiency
LFA-1 integrin (CD18)
95
tx for chronic granulomatous disease
IFN-gamma
