Rashes with Fever Flashcards
What are viral causes for macular/maculopapular rashes?
Roseola infantum
Slapped cheek syndrome
Measles
Rubella
What are bacterial causes for macular/maculopapular rashes?
Scarlet fever
Rheumatic fever
What are other causes for macular/maculopapular rashes?
Kawasaki’s disease
Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis
What are viral causes for vesicular/bullous/pustular rashes?
Herpes simplex
Varicella
Hand foot and mouth disease
What are bacterial causes for vesicular/bullous/pustular rashes?
Boils
Impetigo
What are other causes for vesicular/bullous/pustular rashes?
Erythema multiforme
TEN
SJS
What are viral causes for petechial/purpuric rashes?
Enterovirus
Adenovirus
What are bacterial causes for petechial/purpuric rashes?
Meningococcal
Infective endocarditis
What are other causes for petechial/pustular rashes?
Henoch-Schonlein purpura
Thrombocytopenia
What causes roseola infantum?
Human herpes virus 6
What are the features of roseola infantum?
Fever + coryza followed by maculopapular rash
Cervical lymphadenopathy
Where does the rash affect in roseola infantum?
Start on chest/back -> spreads to face, arms, legs
What causes slapped cheek syndrome?
Parvovirus B19
What is slapped cheek syndrome also known as?
Erythema infectiosum
Fifths disease
What are the features of slapped cheek syndrome?
Mild prodrome
3 phases
- erythema on cheeks (2-4 days)
- erythematous macular rash on extensor surfaces
- rash fades leaving reticulated lacy pattern
What causes scarlet fever?
Group A beta haemolytic strep
What are the features of scarlet fever?
High fever
Sore throat
Bright red tongue
Pinkish rash - feels like sandpaper
What is Kawasaki disease?
Medium sized vessel vasculitis
What are the features of Kawasaki disease?
Persistent high fever >5 days
5 or more days with 4/5 of
- bilateral conjunctivitis
- polymorphous rash
- cervical lymphadenopathy
- strawberry togue
- skin peeling on hands and feet
How is Kawasaki disease managed?
High dose aspirin
IV immunoglobulin
Follow up echocardiograms
What is a complication of Kawasaki disease?
Coronary artery aneurysm
What causes hand foot and mouth disease?
Coxsackie A16
What age does hand foot and mouth disease affect?
Under 10
What are the features of hand foot and mouth disease?
Stage 1
= fever
- cough
- sore throat
Stage 2
- red spots
- tongue/mouth
- become painful ulcers
Stage 3
- red spots
- hands and feet
- become blisters
How is hand foot and mouth disease managed?
Symptomatic relief
What is Henoch-Schonlein purpura?
IgA mediated vasculitis of small vessels of skin, GI tract, joints and kidneys
What can trigger HSP?
URTI
Gastroenteritis
What are the features of HSP?
Purpuric rash
Joint pain
Colicjy abdominal pain
Haematuria/proteinuria
How is HSP investigated?
Bloods - FBC, U&Es, CRP
Blood cultures
Urine dipstick
BP
How is HSP managed?
Supportive management
