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Paediatrics > Abdominal Pain > Flashcards

Abdominal Pain Flashcards

1
Q

What are common causes of abdominal pain in neonates?

A 
Colic
NEC
Volvulus
Testicular torsion 
CMPA
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2
Q

What are risk factors for NEC?

A

Low birth weight
Prematurity
Sepsis

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3
Q

What is the investigation of choice for NEC?

A

x-ray

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4
Q

What is seen on x-ray in NEC?

A

Intramural gas
Distendended bowel loops
Portal venous tract gas

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5
Q

What are th features of NEC?

A

Vomiting
Abdo distension
Abdo pain
Lethargy

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6
Q

What are common causes of abdominal pain in children 1 month-2 years?

A 
Viral illness
Gastroenteritis
UTI
Constipation 
Food allergy 
Intussusception 
Haemolytic uraemic syndrome
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7
Q

What is intussusception?

A

Invagination of proximal intestine into distal intestine

Commonly ileum into caecum

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8
Q

What are the features of intussusception?

A

Abdo pain
Redcurrant jelly stools
Abdo mass

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9
Q

What is haemolytic uraemic syndrome?

A

Thrombosis in small blood vessels after infection with toxin producing E.coli or shigella

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10
Q

What are the features of haemolytic uraemic syndrome?

A

Prodrome = bloody diarrhoea

Triad

  • acute renal failure
  • haemolytic anaemia
  • thrombocytopenia
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11
Q

What is the investigation of choice for intussusception?

A

Abdominal ultrasound

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12
Q

How is intussusception managed?

A

Therapeutic enema

Surgery

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13
Q

How is haemolytic uraemic syndrome managed?

A

Supportive

Early dialysis

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14
Q

What are common causes of abdominal pain in children 2-5 years?

A 
Viral illness
Gastroenteritis
Constipation 
UTI
Appendicitis
Mesenteric adenitis
Haemolytic uraemic syndrome 
Henoch-Schlonlein purpura
Foreign body ingestion
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15
Q

What is mesenteric adenitis?

A

Inflammation of mesenteric lymph nodes following viral illness

Mimics appendicitis without inflammatory features

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16
Q

What are common causes of abdominal pain in children >5 years?

A 
Viral illness
Gastroenteritis
UTI
Appendicitis
Mesenteric adenitis
Primary bacterial peritonitis
Lower lobe pneumonia
DKA
IBD
Abdominal migraine
17
Q

What is an abdominal migraine?

A

Central abdominal pain lasting more than 1 hour

Associated with

  • nausea + vomiting
  • anorexia
  • pallor
  • headaches

Well between bouts

18
Q

How are abdominal migraines managed acutely?

A

Paracetamol
Ibuprofen
Sumatriptan

19
Q

How are abdominal migraines prevented?

A

Pizotifen - serotonin agonist
Propanolol
Cyproheptadine - antihistamine
Flunarazine - CCB

Paediatrics (40 decks)

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