Neck Lumps Flashcards
What can cause neck lumps in children?
Thyroglossal cyst Branchial cyst Dermoid cyst Lymphadenopathy Cystic hygroma Infantile haemangioma Thyroid swellings Neck abscess
What causes a thyroglossal cyst?
Remnant of thyroglossal cyst
Where are thyroglossal cysts found?
Anterior triangle
Usually in midline + below hyoid
What happens to a thyroglossal cyst on tongue protrusion?
Moves
What is seen on ultrasound of a thyroglossal cyst?
Thin walled
Anechoic
What causes a branchial cyst?
Incomplete obliteration of branchial apparatus
Which part of the branchial apparatus does a branchial cyst most commonly form from?
2nd branchial cleft
Where are branchial cysts found?
Anterior to SCM
Near angle of mandible
What is seen on ultrasound of a branchial cyst?
Anechoic
What causes a dermoid cyst?
Derived from pleuripotent stem cells
Where is a dermoid cyst found?
Midline
Above hyoid
What is found in a dermoid cyst?
Calcium
Fat
What causes a cystic hygroma?
Occlusion of lymphatic channels
Where are cystic hygromas found?
Painless fluid filled lesions found posterior to SCM
What age do cystic hygromas present?
< 2 years
What is seen on ultrasound of cystic hygromas?
Hypoechoic
Where are infantile haemangiomas found?
Either triangle of neck
What happens to infantile haemangiomas?
Grow rapidly then regress
What is seen on x-ray of an infantile haemangioma?
Mass lesion with calcified phleboliths
