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Paediatrics > Hip Problems > Flashcards

Hip Problems Flashcards

1
Q

What can cause hip pain in a child 0-4 years?

A

Septic arthritis
Developmental dysplasia of the hip
Transient synovitis

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2
Q

What can cause hip pain in a child 5-10 years?

A

Septic arthirits
Transient synovitis
Perthes Disease

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3
Q

What can cause hip pain in a child 11-16 years?

A

Septic arthritis
SUFE
JIA

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4
Q

What is developmental dysplasia of the hip?

A

Structual abnormality which leads to subluxation or dislocation of the hip

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5
Q

What are risk factors for developmental dysplasia of the hip?

A

FHx
Breech 36 weeks onwards
Breech birth 28 weeks onwards
Multiple pregnancy

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6
Q

Who gets a postnatal hip ultrasound?

A

Breech post 36 weeks

Breech birth post 28 weeks

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7
Q

How is developmental dysplasia of the hip diagnosed?

A

Barlow + Ortolani test in NIPE

Ultrasound

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8
Q

How is developmental dysplasia of the hip managed?

A

< 6 months = Pavlik harness

> 6 months/harness failed = surgery + hip spica cast

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9
Q

What does the Pavlik harness do?

A

Keep hips flexed + abducted

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10
Q

What is transient synovitis?

A

Temporary irriation/inflammation of synovial membrane

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11
Q

What does transient synovitis typically follow?

A

Viral illness

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12
Q

What are features of transient synovitis?

A

Limp
Refusal to weightbear
Pain in hip

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13
Q

How is transient synovitis managed?

A

Symptomatic relief

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14
Q

What is the pathophysiology of Perthes disease?

A

Disruption of blood flow to femoral head -> avascular necrosis

Affects the epiphysis

Re/neovascularisation of femoral head

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15
Q

What are the features of Perthes disease?

A

Pain in hip +/- knee
Limp
Restricted hip movements

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16
Q

What investigations are done for suspected Perthes disease?

A

X-ray

  • widening of joint space
  • small femoral head

Bloods = normal

17
Q

How is Perthes disease managed?

A

Conservative - keep hip in good position

Physio

Regular x-rays to assess healing

18
Q

What is SUFE?

A

Slipped upper femoral epiphysis

Head of femur displaced along growth plate

19
Q

Who is SUFE more common in?

A

Obese children

20
Q

What are the features of SUFE?

A

Hip pain +/- knee
Restricted hip movements - particulary internal rotation
Painful limp

21
Q

What investigation is done for suspected SUFE?

A

X-ray

22
Q

How is SUFE managed?

A

Surgery

Paediatrics (40 decks)

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