Rashes in Well Children Flashcards
What are milia?
Raised white bumps on newborn skin
Where are milia most commonly seen?
Face
What causes milia?
Retention of keratin and sebaceous material in not fully formed sweat glands
What is the appearance of erythema toxicum?
Small pustules on red skin
Where is erythema toxicum seen?
Anywhere apart from palms and soles
What is found in the pus in erythema toxicum?
Eosinophils
When does erythema toxicum appear?
Appears day 2-3
Disappears by day 10
What is naevus simplex?
Birth marks - more apparent when cyring
What are naevus simplexes also known as?
Stork-bite marks
Where are naevus simplex found?
Forehead
Nose
Eyelids
Back of head
What causes naevus simplex?
Distension of dermal capillaries
What is the appearance of a strawberry naevus?
Starts as a flat red area, swells
What is strawberry naevus also known as?
Cavernous haemangioma
When does strawberry naevus appear?
Present from first month
Increases in size until 3-15 months
Regresses
What is the appearance of a naevus flammeus?
Well demarcated birthmark
Often unilateral
What causes naevus flammeus?
Vascular malformation of capillaries in the dermis
What happens to a naevus flammeus over time?
Thickens and darkens
What is the appearance of a blue spot?
Blue/black macular discolouration at the base of the spine/buttocks
What causes blue spots?
Trapped melanocytes
What happens over time to blue spots?
Fade out over first few years
What type of skin condition is nappy rash?
Irritant contact dermatitis
Irritant = urine
Where does nappy rash affect?
Convex areas
How is nappy rash managed?
Keep skin clean + dry
Zinc oxide ointments
What is candidiasis?
Fungal infection causing widespread erythema
Where does candidiasis affect?
Skin folds
Also check mouth
How is candidiasis managed?
Anti-fungal treatment
What is ringworm?
Fungal infection causing red/silver rash
How is ringworm spread?
Direct contact
How is ringworm managed?
Oral antifungals
What is molluscum contagiosum?
Skin infection
What is the causative organism in molluscum contagiosum?
Pox virus
What is the appearance of molluscum contagiosum?
Pearl like papules with a central umbilication
How is molluscum contagiosum managed?
Doesn’t need to be
Harmless
Gets better in a few months
