Paediatric Surgery Flashcards
What is pyloric stenosis?
Progressive hypertrophy of the pyloric muscle causing gastric outlet obstruction
What are the features of pyloric stenosis?
Projective non-bilious vomiting
Weight loss
Dehydration
What age does pyloric stenosis present?
4-6 weeks
What investigations are done for suspected pyloric stenosis?
Ultrasound
Blood gas
What is the electrolyte picture in pyloric stenosis?
Hypochloraemic
Hypokalaemic
Metabolic alkalosis
How is pyloric stenosis managed medically?
NG tube
Fluids
Correct metabolic abnormalities
How is pyloric stenosis managed surgically?
Ramstedt’s pyloromyotomy
How long after surgery can feeding be resumed in pyloric stenosis?
6 hours
What is gastroschisis?
Paraumbilical defect with herniation of the abdominal contents
How is gastroschisis managed?
Wrap to prevent movement of the gut
Aim for no air
Fix surgically
What is exomphalos?
Ventral defect with herniation of abdominal contents into base of the umbilical cord
What is exomphalos also known as?
Omphalocoele
What is the difference between gastroschisis and exomphalos?
Exomphalos = covered by peritoneum Gastroschisis = not covered by peritoneum
What is a diaphragmatic hernia?
Left sided herniation of the abdominal contents through posterolateral diaphragm
How is a diaphragmatic hernia diagnosed?
Antenatal scals
Post natal x-ray
