Croup

Question 1

What is croup also known as?

Answer 1

Laryngotracheobronchitis

Question 2

What ages does croup affect?

Answer 2

6 months to 3 years

Question 3

What is the peak age of croup?

Answer 3

2 years

Question 4

What organism causes croup?

Answer 4

Parainfluenza virus

Question 5

What is the pathophysiology of croup?

Answer 5

Muscosal inflammation
Increased secretions

Cough caused by impaired movement of vocal cords

Question 6

What are risk factors for croup?

Answer 6

Male
Autumn
Spring

Question 7

What are the features of croup?

Answer 7

1-4 day history of coyra
Barking cough
Hoarse voice
Stridor

Question 8

What is mild croup?

Answer 8

Occasional barking cough
No audible stridor at rest
No suprasternal/intercostal rexession
Child is happy

Question 9

What is moderate croup?

Answer 9

Frequent barking cough
Audible stridor at rest
Suprasternal chest wall retraction
Child is not distressed

Question 10

What is severe croup?

Answer 10

Frequent barking cough
Prominent stridor
Marked sternal wall retractions
Distressed child

Question 11

How is croup managed?

Answer 11

Single dose oral dexamethasone (0.15mg/kg)
Nebulised adrenaline
Keep calm

Question 12

What are indications for hospital admission?

Answer 12

Previous history of severe airway obstruction 
< 6 months
Immunocompromised
Inadequate fluid intake
Poor response to initial treatment 
Uncertain diagnosis