Randop;p

Question 1

what helps diagnose diabetes type 2

Answer 1

fasting plasma glucose
HbA1c

Question 2

first line treatment for diabetic neuropathy

Answer 2

gabapentin, pregabalin, duloxetine

Question 3

what is a serious complication of DKA in peadiatrics

Answer 3

cerebral oedema

Question 4

what cells are assoc with type 1 diabetes

Answer 4

islet cell autoantibodies

Question 5

is one measurement of blood glucose >11mol ina symptomatic patient valid to diagnose

Answer 5

yes

Question 6

organisms commonly found in diabetic foot ulcers

Answer 6

pseudomonas aureginosa

Question 7

first line treatment in type 1

Answer 7

basal bolus insulin

Question 8

risk of SGLT2 inhibitors

Answer 8

Increased risk of euglycaemic ketoacidosis

Question 9

anti-diabetic drug which enhances the release of insulin by pancreatic islet cells by altering potassium channel activity in these cells

Answer 9

sulfonylureas

Question 10

what increases the risk of UTIs in type 2

Answer 10

SGLT2 inhiitors as they act on kidneys so glucose isnt absorbed it is just excreted via kidneys - more chance of infection

Question 11

which diabtic drug enhances glucose uptake into cells by increasing bodys insulin sensitivity

Answer 11

metformin

Question 12

how do sulfonylureas actv

Answer 12

by increasing insulin sefretion from pancreatic beta cells

Question 13

what can bendroflumthiazide cause in type 2 diabetes

Answer 13

worsening blood sugars

Question 14

which medicine is strongly associated with risk of hypoglycaemia

Answer 14

sulfonylureas

Question 15

first innvestigations to confirm DKA

Answer 15

capillary blood gas and capillary blood ketones as quick and minimal distreess- finger prick

Question 16

what is dextrose

Answer 16

comes from corn/wheat almost identical to glucose

Question 17

what is gliclazide a well known compication for

Answer 17

hypoglycaemia

Question 18

first line treatment for venous ulcers

Answer 18

compression therapy

Question 19

chronic non healing wound round the ankle and orange brown pigmetation

Answer 19

venous ulcer

Question 20

gestational diabetes diagnostic criteria

Answer 20

a fasting plasma glucose level of ≥5.6 mmol/L; or
a 2-hour post-oral glucose tolerance test plasma glucose level of ≥7.8 mmol/L

Question 21

hyperglycaemia, ketosis , absence of acidosis

Answer 21

diabetic ketosis

Question 22

conseuqence of reducing osmolality too quickly

Answer 22

cerebral oedema

Question 23

management of cerebral oedema

Answer 23

saline and mannitol to reduce pressure and bring osmolality back

Question 24

treatment for acute severe hypocalcaemia

Answer 24

IV calcium gluconate

Question 25

what is loss of lateral third of eyebrow a sign of

Answer 25

hypothyroidisms

Question 26

what is afib a complication of in thyroid disease

Answer 26

hyperthyroidism

Question 27

most common cause of hyperparathyroidism

Answer 27

adenoma on parathyroid gland

Question 28

which antibody is present in hashimotos

Answer 28

anti-tpo- anti thyroidperoxidase-

Question 29

which drug might cause lactic acidosis

Answer 29

metformin

Question 30

which drug might cause hypo and weight gain

Answer 30

sulfonyureas

Question 31

which drug might cause utis and ketoacidosis

Answer 31

sglt2i

Question 32

drug which causes satiety and leads to weight loss

Answer 32

glp1

Question 33

endogenous v exogenosu cause of hypogylcaemia

Answer 33

Serum C-peptide is a byproduct of insulin production

if it is raised this indicates that there is excessive endogenous insulin production

if it is not raised then this indicates that the patient has administered herself insulin

Question 34

clinical findings of subclinical hypyerthyroidism

Answer 34

low TSH
normal t3,t4

Question 35

risk of levothyroxine

Answer 35

osteoporosis

Question 36

patient who is unable to tolerate metformin and has chronic heart failure what to prescribe?

Answer 36

sglt2i

Question 37

what is given in gestational diabetes if diet, excersize and metformin is not adequate

Answer 37

insulin

Question 38

thyroid storm choice of drug

Answer 38

PTU as more rapid onset than carbimazole

Question 39

reduces hepatic gluconeogenesis

Answer 39

metformin

Question 40

what type of drug is orlistat

Answer 40

lipase inhibitor

Question 41

thyroiditis

Answer 41

overactive for a while, underactive then back to normal

Question 42

does thyroiditis have an uptake scan

Answer 42

no