Ovulation disorders Flashcards
what hormone peaks before ovulation
estradiol
what does a pregnancy test decte
LH surge
function of FSH
thickens endometrium
stimulates follicular development
what is FSH and lH secreted from
anterior pituitary
what stimulates FSH and LH
gonadotrophin releasing hormone
role of LH
peak level stimulate ovulation
stimulates corpus luteum development
phases of ovulation
follicular phase -1st
ovulation
luteal phase-2nd
oligomenorrhea
cycles lasting >42 days , 8 periods a year
what are ovulation disorders associated with
oligomenorrhea and ammenorhea - failure of reach of period at certain age
predominant hormone in second phase
progesterone
what is progesterone produced by
corpus luteum
regular period cycles
28- 35 days
where is gnrh released from
hypothalamus
what is estrogen secreetd by
ovaries and adrenal cortex and placenta in pregnancy
role of estrogen
thickening of endometrium
fertile cervical mucous
role of progesterone
inhibits secrettion of LH
Responsible for infertile (thick) cervical mucus
Maintain thickness of endometrium
Has thermogenic effect (increases basal body temperature)
Relaxes smooth muscles
what can be used to detect ovulation
basal body temp shifts up by 0.2-0.4
cervical mucous and course of cycle
changes across course
important for couples trying to concieve
becomes thin slippery and stretchy during time of ovulation
pre preg optimization
Stabilise weight
BMI >18.5
BMI <35
Lifestyle modification: smoking cessation, reduce alcohol consumption
Folic acid 400 mcg / 5mg daily
Check prescribed drugs
Cervical smear
Rubella immune
Normal semen analysis
(Patent fallopian tube)
group 1 ovulation disorders
pathology at the level of the hypothalamus
characterised by low gonadal hormone levels - hypogonadotropic hypogonadism
group 2 disorders
have essentially normal gonadal hormones
hypothalamic pituitary dysfunction also
group 3 disorders
describe pathology relating to ovarian function characterised by high gonadal hormones - hypergonadotropic hypogonadism
high gonadal hormones
hypothalmic related ovulatory disorder assoc
assoc with amenorrhoea
low levels FSH/LH
low levels esrtogen
hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism
10% of disorders
progesterone challenge test
Involves administration of progesterone to induce a period
Provera 5mg BD x 5 days
If no bleeding: low estrogen levels, uterine/endometrial abnormality or cervical stenosis