Quiz 6 - Terminology and Upper Axial Muscles

Question 1

origin

Answer 1

point of muscle attachment that remains stationary

Question 2

insertion

Answer 2

point of muscle attachment that is movable

Question 3

action

Answer 3

the function of the muscle upon contraction

Question 4

agonist

Answer 4

responsible for producing a particular movement

Question 5

Synergist

Answer 5

assist the prime mover in performing an action

Question 6

antagonist

Answer 6

actions oppose the action of the agonist

Question 7

fixators

Answer 7

agonist and antagonist muscles contracting at the same time to stabilize a joint

Question 8

masseter

Answer 8

elevates mandible

• O: zygomatic arch
• I: mandible

Question 9

temporalis

Answer 9

elevates mandible

• O: temporal line
• I: coronoid process of mandible

Question 10

medial pterygoid

Answer 10

elevates mandible, moves mandible side to side

• O: palatine & maxilla
• I: mandible

Question 11

lateral pterygoid

Answer 11

protracts mandible, moves mandible side to side

• O: sphenoid
• I: mandible

Question 12

sternocleidomastoid

Answer 12

flexes neck (together), bends neck to one side and turns face (alone)

• O: sternum & clavicle
• I: mastoid process

Question 13

erector spinae

Answer 13

extend vertebral column (together), lateral flexion (alone)

• spinalis
• longissimus
• iliocostalis

Question 14

spinalis

Answer 14

medial

• cervicis - extends neck
• thoracis - extends vertebrae

Question 15

longissimus

Answer 15

intermediate

• capitis - extends neck (together), rotates/laterally flexes neck (alone
• cervicis - same as captious
• thoracis - extends vertebrae, lateral flexion (alone)

Question 16

iliocostalis

Answer 16

lateral

• cervicis - extends/laterally flexes neck, elevates ribs
• thoracis - stabilizes thoracic vertebrae in extension
• lumborum - extends vertebrae, depresses ribs

Question 17

posterior neck muscles

Answer 17

semispinalis capitis
splenius capitis
quadratus lumborum

Question 18

semispinalis capitis

Answer 18

extends neck (together), laterally flames and turns head (alone)

• O: inf. cervical vertebrae and sup. thoracic vertebrae
• I: occipital bone

Question 19

splenius capitis

Answer 19

extend neck

• O: inf. cervical vertebrae and sup. thoracic vertebrae
• I: mastoid process, occipital bone, sup. cervical vertebrae

Question 20

quadratus lumborum

Answer 20

depress ribs (together), lateral flexion of vertebrae (alone), stabilizes diaphragm during inhalation

• O: iliac crest
• I: last rib and lumbar vertebrae