Exam 2: Quiz 5 - Classification of Joints Flashcards
joints
connections between bones that may or may not permit movement - can be classified based on their range of motion
Three types of joints
- synarthrosis
- amphiarthrosis
- diarthrosis or synovial
synarthrosis
immovable
- sutures
- gomphosis
- synchondrosis
- synostosis
sutues
joints found only in the skull - bones are interlocked together
gomphosis
joints between teeth and jaw - periodontal ligaments of teeth
synchondrosis
joint within epiphysis of bone - binds diaphysis to epiphysis
synostosis
joint between 2 fused bones - fusion of 3 coxal bones
Amphiarthrosis
slightly movable
- syndesmosis
- symphysis
syndesmosis
ligaments that connect 2 bones but limit their motion
- ex: radius and ulna, tibia and fibula
symphysis
bones are separated by a wedge or pad of cartilage
- ex: pubic bone of 2 coal bones
diarthrosis or synovial
freely movable
- joint capsule
- joint cavity
- articular cartilages
- synovial membrane
- synovial fluid
- accessory structures
joint capsule
thick layer of dense, connective tissue surrounding synovial joint
joint cavity
filled with synovial fluid
articular cartilages
covers bony surfaces to act as shock absorbers and reduce friction, typically at ends of long bones
synovial membrane
lines joint cavity, produces synovial fluid
synovial fluid
- provides lubrication
- nourishes chondrocytes in articular cartilages
- acts as a shock absorber
accessory structures
- cartilages and fat pads
- ligaments
- tendon
- bursae
- fat pad
cartilages and fat pads
- menisci or articular discs - pads of fibrous cartilage, act as cushion
- fat pads - fat found around periphery of joint to provide protection
ligaments
connect bone to bone, provide stability
tendon
connect muscle to bone, provide stability
bursae
small, synovial fluid-filled pockets in connective tissue; forms where tendon or ligament rubs against other tissues to reduce friction and act as shock absorber
