Quiz 4 Bone

Question 1

softening of bone

Answer 1

osteomalacia

Question 2

dense or hardening bone

Answer 2

osteopetrosis

Question 3

porus bone

Answer 3

osteoporosis

Question 4

brittle bone disease

Answer 4

osteogenesis imperfecta

Question 5

Osteogenesis imperfect is defective connective tissue due to what?

Answer 5

deficiency in normal type 1 collagen which forms bone matrix

Question 6

idiopathic avascular osteonecrosis of epiphysis of femoral head leading to interruption of blood supply to head of femur

Answer 6

legg calve perthes syndrome or avascular necrosis

Question 7

osteomalacia in children is called what and due to what deficiency?

Answer 7

Rickets

vit D

Question 8

In children under 4 who have Rickets what do you see?

In chidlren over 4 what do you see?

Answer 8

under 4 = leg bowing = genu varum

over 4 = knock knees (genu valgum)

Question 9

what does x-ray of rickets pt show?

Answer 9

rackitic rosary/beading of ribs of costochondral joints

Question 10

secondary osteoporosis is caused by what?

Answer 10

CA, endocrine, drugs, malabsorption

Question 11

Are osteoclasts or blasts more active in osteoporosis

Answer 11

Clasts because they are breaking down bone.

Question 12

What is most common sequelae of osteoporosis and location?

Answer 12

fracture of vertebrae

Question 13

overactivity of osteoclasts and osteoblasts with multiple bones being affected?

Answer 13

Paget’s disease

Question 14

hist of Paget’s

Answer 14

mosaic pattern of lamellar bone (jigsaw)

Question 15

x-ray of skull with Paget’s

Answer 15

cotton ball

Question 16

What is unique about Page’ts fracture?

Answer 16

straight line across

Question 17

what labs are elevated in Pagets?

Answer 17

alk phos

Question 18

what is there an increased risk for in Pagets?

Answer 18

osteosarcoma

Question 19

1 most common bone infection?

Answer 19

staph

Question 20

How are bone infections spread?

Answer 20

hematogenous
soft tissue
direct trauma

Question 21

What is a skeletal change associated with chronic renal disease and can cause bone resorption and softening

Answer 21

Renal osteodystrophy

Question 22

What can osteodystrophy put children at risk for?

Answer 22

rickets

Question 23

What type of fracture has overlying tissue that is intact?

Answer 23

simple/closed

Question 24

What type of fracture has ends of bone that are not aligned?

Answer 24

displaced

Question 25

what type of fracture has open skin with bone sticking out?

Answer 25

compound/open

Question 26

What type of fracture has splintered bone?

Answer 26

comminuted

Question 27

What causes a pathological fracture?

Answer 27

disease

Question 28

What are two types of bone cysts?

Answer 28

solitary | aneurismal

Question 29

who gets solitary bone cysts and where are they located and x-ray finding?

Answer 29

young men 10-20 distal long bone x ray shows smooth, thin cortex

Question 30

Who gets aneurismal bone cysts, where are they, and what does x-ray look like?

Answer 30

Women 20-30 long bone honey combed on xray more likely to recur than solitary

Question 31

benign bone tumor and histology

Answer 31

osteoid osteoma | cherry red tissue

Question 32

What syndrome has multiple osteoid osteomas?

Answer 32

Gardners

Question 33

primary bone malignancy?

Answer 33

osteosarcoma

Question 34

What disease has an increased risk for osteosarcomas?

Answer 34

Pagets

Question 35

What is the third most common malignancy in children?

Answer 35

osteosarcoma

Question 36

Where does osteosarcoma met to?

Answer 36

lung

Question 37

where do you most commonly see osteosarcoma?

Answer 37

distal femur, near knee

Question 38

Skip lesions within bone | spicules of Ca in adjacent soft tissue

Answer 38

osteosarcoma

Question 39

uncommon bone tumor found around the knee in distal femur or proximal tibia - tumor produces collagen matrix

Answer 39

fibrosarcoma

Question 40

fibrosarcoma hist

Answer 40

sheets of cells

Question 41

x-ray findings giant cell tumor

Answer 41

cortical erosion and thinning which expands to bone contours without a border of new bone

Question 42

hist of giant cell tumor

Answer 42

oval tumor cells and multinucleated giant tumor cells

Question 43

malignant muscle tumor in children

Answer 43

rhabdosarcoma

Question 44

malignant tumor of bone composed of rounded cells that are uniform in size - mainly in children age 13-14

Answer 44

Ewing Sarcoma

Question 45

Ewing Sarcoma on x-ray

Answer 45

moth eaten

Question 46

malignant disease of plasma cells in bone marrow

Answer 46

multiple myeloma

Question 47

malignant plasma B cells fracture and bone pain lytic lesions

Answer 47

multiple myeloma

Question 48

what are 4 types of CA that met to bone?

Answer 48

lung kidney breast prostate

Question 49

In children, what types of CA met to bone?

Answer 49

neuroblastoma Wilm's tumor osteosarcoma Ewing Sarcoma

Question 50

when do you see ivory vertebra sign?

Answer 50

metastatic ca | pagets disease