Quiz 3 Adrenals Flashcards
What are the 3 zones of the adrenal cortex what does each secrete?
zona glomerulosa: mineralcorticoids (aldosterone)
zona fasciculata: glucocorticoids (cortisol)
zona reticularis: sex hormones (DHEA)
what does the adrenal medulla secrete?
NE/Epi/Dopamine
1 cause of primary hyperaldosteronism/Conn’s syndrome?
functional adrenal adenoma
HTN + unexplained hypokalemia and hypernatremia, high serum aldosterone, decreased plasma renin
primary hyperaldosteronism/Conn’s syndrome
1 iatrogenic cause of Cushing’s
glucocorticoid use
1 non-iatrogenic cause of Cushing’s
tumors in pituitary (cushing dz) tumors in adrenal gland (cushing syndrome)
1 cause of primary Addison’s disease
autoimmune disease of adrenal cortex
Primary Addison’s pigmentation
high ACTH leads to hyperpigmentation
1 cause of secondary Addison’s disease
Inadequate secretion of ACTH by anterior pituitary
Secondary Addison’s pigmentation
low ACTH leads to no hyperpigmentation
Which type of Addison’s has high ACTH?
primary
What can happen with withdrawal of long-term exogenous corticosteroid use?
Addisonian crisis
Adrenal gland failure due to hemorrhage into adrenal glands
Waterhouse-Fredrickson syndrome
1 bacterial cause of Waterhouse-Fredrickson sydrome
Miningococcus (neisseria meningitidis)
1 cause of congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to
21-hydroxylase deficiency
what labs are elevated in 21 hydroxyls deficiency
17 ketosteroids
17 hydroxyprogesterone
1 pathology associated with adrenal medulla
pheochromocytoma
Catecholemine secreting tumor of chromatin cells within adrenal medulla
pheochromocytoma
1 solid extra-cranial malignancy in infants and children
neuroblastoma
tumor of neural crest cells, usually arise form adrenal glands but can be located anywhere on sympathetic chain
neuroblastoma
Rosettes (circular groupings of dark tumor cells surrounding a pale center of neurofibrils)
neuroblastoma
Rosettes are found in?
neuroblastoma, medulloblastoma, retinoblastoma
