Quiz 3 Adrenals

Question 1

What are the 3 zones of the adrenal cortex what does each secrete?

Answer 1

zona glomerulosa: mineralcorticoids (aldosterone)
zona fasciculata: glucocorticoids (cortisol)
zona reticularis: sex hormones (DHEA)

Question 2

what does the adrenal medulla secrete?

Answer 2

NE/Epi/Dopamine

Question 3

1 cause of primary hyperaldosteronism/Conn’s syndrome?

Answer 3

functional adrenal adenoma

Question 4

HTN + unexplained hypokalemia and hypernatremia, high serum aldosterone, decreased plasma renin

Answer 4

primary hyperaldosteronism/Conn’s syndrome

Question 5

1 iatrogenic cause of Cushing’s

Answer 5

glucocorticoid use

Question 6

1 non-iatrogenic cause of Cushing’s

Answer 6

tumors in pituitary (cushing dz) tumors in adrenal gland (cushing syndrome)

Question 7

1 cause of primary Addison’s disease

Answer 7

autoimmune disease of adrenal cortex

Question 8

Primary Addison’s pigmentation

Answer 8

high ACTH leads to hyperpigmentation

Question 9

1 cause of secondary Addison’s disease

Answer 9

Inadequate secretion of ACTH by anterior pituitary

Question 10

Secondary Addison’s pigmentation

Answer 10

low ACTH leads to no hyperpigmentation

Question 11

Which type of Addison’s has high ACTH?

Answer 11

primary

Question 12

What can happen with withdrawal of long-term exogenous corticosteroid use?

Answer 12

Addisonian crisis

Question 13

Adrenal gland failure due to hemorrhage into adrenal glands

Answer 13

Waterhouse-Fredrickson syndrome

Question 14

1 bacterial cause of Waterhouse-Fredrickson sydrome

Answer 14

Miningococcus (neisseria meningitidis)

Question 15

1 cause of congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to

Answer 15

21-hydroxylase deficiency

Question 16

what labs are elevated in 21 hydroxyls deficiency

Answer 16

17 ketosteroids

17 hydroxyprogesterone

Question 17

1 pathology associated with adrenal medulla

Answer 17

pheochromocytoma

Question 18

Catecholemine secreting tumor of chromatin cells within adrenal medulla

Answer 18

pheochromocytoma

Question 19

1 solid extra-cranial malignancy in infants and children

Answer 19

neuroblastoma

Question 20

tumor of neural crest cells, usually arise form adrenal glands but can be located anywhere on sympathetic chain

Answer 20

neuroblastoma

Question 21

Rosettes (circular groupings of dark tumor cells surrounding a pale center of neurofibrils)

Answer 21

neuroblastoma

Question 22

Rosettes are found in?

Answer 22

neuroblastoma, medulloblastoma, retinoblastoma