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Path IV Quizzes > Quiz 1 Female > Flashcards

Quiz 1 Female Flashcards

1
Q

hist of psoriasis of vulva

A 
elongation/increased depth of rete ridges
hyperkeratosis
parakeratosis
loss of granular layer
vascular dilation
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2
Q

What are the 3 aspects of psoriasis?

A

1) Kebners phenomenon: lesions that occur after trauma.
2) Asuspitz sign
3) Blanching around lesions in skin

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3
Q

Lichen simplex chronicus

A

scratch itch scratch cycle

thickened epithelium

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4
Q

hist of lichen planus

A

saw tooth rete ridges

leukocytes

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5
Q

Lichen sclerosis

A
  • thickening of skin of vulva and peri-anal area

- appears pale/white

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6
Q

What % of pt with lichen sclerosis will develop cancer?

A

5%

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7
Q

hist of lichen sclerosis?

A
  • rete ridges disappear
  • atrophy
  • lymphocytes
  • edematous degeneration of basal layer
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8
Q

hist of lichen simplex chronicus

A

thickening of rete ridges
thickened epithelium
hyperkeratosis

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9
Q

what virus causes moloscum contagiousum?

A

pox virus

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10
Q

how do you distinguish lesions of moloscum contagiousum?

A

umbilicated

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11
Q

If lesions of many conditions look the same, how do you distinguish?

A

Biopsy to look at rete ridges

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12
Q

1 bacteria to cause bartholins duct cysts?

A

e. coli

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13
Q

hist of HSV 2?

A

multinucleate giant cell

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14
Q

what strains of HPV cause genital warts?

A

6 and 11

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15
Q

what strains of HPV cause CA?

A

16 and 18 (31 and 45 less common)

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16
Q

what do you call a genital wart?

A

condyloma acuminata

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17
Q

does a bartholin cysts = STI?

A

no

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18
Q

what is actual name of syphilis?

A

treponema pallidum

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19
Q

what is a painless ulcer? what causes it?

A 
chancre
syphilis (treponema pallidum)
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20
Q

his of syphilis

A

gm -

spirochete

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21
Q

what is a flat wart? what causes it?

A

condyloma latum

syphilis

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22
Q

hist of condyloma acuminata

A

acanthosis
hyperkeratosis
cytoplasmic vacuolation

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23
Q

discharge of BV

A

thick, creamy, noxious smell (fishy)

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24
Q

discharge of trichomonas

A

foamy, noxious smell

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25
Q

candida discharge

A

non-noxious smell

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26
Q

most common vaginal infection? what causes it?

A

BV

gardeneralla and bacteroides

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27
Q

what is second most common vaginal infection?

A

candida

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28
Q

criteria to dx BV?

A
  • fishy oder
  • increased pH
  • sticky, thick, white d/c
  • clue cells (appear shimmering)
29
Q

gonorrhoeae

A

gm -
diplococci
looks like 2 kidney beans
extracellular and intracellular

30
Q

chlamydia trachomatis

A

intracellular
infected cells look pink
red, friable cervix

31
Q

third most common vaginal infection

A

trichomonas: flagellated protazoa

32
Q

vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN)

A

significant variety of colored plaques (hyper pigmentation)

33
Q

hist of VIN

A

basiloid and warty cells

or well differentiated cells

34
Q

if warty and basiloid cells of VIN, what is it associated with?

A

HPV 16 and 18

35
Q

which form of cells indicates more aggressive VIN?

A

well-differentiated

not associated with HPV

36
Q

most common vulvar CA

A

SCC

37
Q

most common vulvar CA

A

SCC

38
Q

what is adenocarcinoma of vagina linked to?what is it called?

A

mother who was treated with DES

clear cell adenocarcinoma

39
Q

hist of clear cell adenocarcinoma

A

vacuolated tumor cells in clusters
gland like structures
nuclei look clear

40
Q

risks for cervical ca

A 
early age of first intercourse
multiple sexual partners
persistent infection of high risk HPV
presence of cancer associated HPV strains
exposure to oral contraceptives
tobacco use
history of chlamydia or others
multiple births
41
Q

koilocytosis

A

large nuclei that stain dark with halo
HPV associated
ASC-US or atypical squamous cells

42
Q

endometriosis

A

endometrial tissue outside uteran cavity

43
Q

where is #1 location for endometriosis?

A

ovaries

44
Q

what cause infertility in endometrial pt

A

scar formation, adhesions, anatomical distortions of involved ovary, fallopian tubes, or uterus
inflammation

45
Q

endometrioma

A

chocolate cyst

ovarian cyst from ectopic endometrial tissue that bleeds within ovary

46
Q

adenomyosis

A

endometrial tissue in muscle wall of myometrium of uterus

47
Q

endometritis

A

infection or inflammation of endometrium

caused by retaining pieces of placenta or infections or PID

48
Q

acute endometritis

A

micro-abscesses or neutrophils within endometrial glands

most are poly-microbial

49
Q

chronic endometritis

A 
presence of plasma cells in stroma
doesn't respond to antibiotics
eccentric nucleus (off to one side)
50
Q

most common location of PID

A

ovaduct/fallopian tube

51
Q

sequelae of PID

A

scarring of fallopian tube
rate of ectopic pregnancy increases 6-10 fold
tubo-ovarian abscess
salpingo-oophoritis with tubo-ovarian abscess

52
Q

Atypical hyperplasia

A

estrogen dominant state

persistent hyperplasia has high likelihood of becoming malignant

53
Q

Most common gynocologic cancer in US

A

endometrial ca

54
Q

most common type of endometrial ca? who gets it?

A

adenocarcinoma

post-menopausal women

55
Q

risk factors for endometrial ca

A 
nulliparity
obesity
hyperglycemia
DM
HTN
56
Q

most common type of endometrial cancer

A

adenocarcinoma

57
Q

leiomyoma

A

fibroid
benign smooth muscle tumor of uterus
whorled pattern of smooth muscle

58
Q

malignant leiomyoma and hist

A 
leiomyosarcoma
hyperchromatic
deeply staining nuclei
more pleomorphism
irregular nucleus
59
Q

most common endocrine disorder in females and cause

A

PCOS

- caused by excessive androgenic hormones like testosterone which is stimulated by excess LH from ant pit

60
Q

PCOS on imaging looks like?

A

string of pearls

61
Q

PCOS related to?

A

DM
insulin resistance
hyperglycemia
obesity

62
Q

serous cyst adenoma

A

benign epithelial tumors of ovary that can become very big

single celled lining like fallopian tube

63
Q

mucinous cyst adenoma

A

single cell layer of mucin

similar to endocervix

64
Q

ovarian ca

A

psammoma body: small calcification stains pink/purple staining
- also found in other conditions

65
Q

ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma is characterized by what?

A

psammoma body: small rounded, purple staining calcification

- also found in other conditions

66
Q

what is the difference between acute and chronic endometritis?

A

acute: micro-abscesses or neutrophils within endometrial glands
chronic: plasma cells in stroma
- doesn’t respond to antibiotics

67
Q

what is the difference between acute and chronic endometritis?

A

acute: micro-abscesses or neutrophils within endometrial glands
- polymycrobial
chronic: plasma cells in stroma
- doesn’t respond to antibiotics

68
Q

what infection is most commonly linked with chronic endometritis?

A

PID

69
Q

20% of endometrial cancers which type? Notable for what?

A
  • papillary serous carcinoma

- accumulation of p53 protein

Path IV Quizzes (18 decks)

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