CNS Part 2

Question 1

neurosyphilis is caused by the invasion of what organism into CNS?

Answer 1

treponema pallidum

Question 2

What is a result of damage to sensory nerves (demyelination) in dorsal roots that produces ataxia, loss of pain, and proprioception?

Answer 2

Tabes dorsalis

Question 3

what type of syphilis involves base of brain and may result in cranial nerve palsies?

Answer 3

meningovascular syphilis

Question 4

neurosyphilis results in formation of meningeal granulomas known as?

Answer 4

gummas

Question 5

several hours after treatment of syphilis, pt can undergo febrile reaction called

Answer 5

Jarisch-Herkheimer reaction

Question 6

which organism can have Jarisch-Herkheimer reaction?

Answer 6

neurosyphilis

Question 7

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) caused by what?

Answer 7

demyelinating disease caused by JC virus (member of polyomavirus)

Question 8

Rare complication of measles (rubeola)

Answer 8

subacute sclerosing panencephalitis

Question 9

how do you diagnose subacute sclerosing pan encephalitis (SSPE)

Answer 9

CSF has Rubeola IgG ab

Question 10

what disease is neurotropic, destroying the motor neurons in anterior horn of brainstem and leading to flaccid paralysis?

Answer 10

polio

Question 11

rabies virus is what type of disease

Answer 11

zoonotic

Question 12

how does rabies virus travel?

Answer 12

via peripheral nerves from site of bite to brain (1-3 months)

Question 13

how do you dx rabies

Answer 13

with brain biopsy after patient dies (Aaaahhhh)

… or you can do a PCR saliva, urine, or CSF

Question 14

what is 100% diagnostic of rabies but only found in 20% of cases?

Answer 14

negri bodies

Question 15

HIV causes what type of dementia?

Answer 15

AIDs dementia complex (ADC) is a later disease process

- CD4 cell count decrease tells you it is later stage

Question 16

etiology of AIDS dementia complex

Answer 16

macrophages carry HIV to brain and release toxins which leads to cell death and dementia

Question 17

gross change in brain tissue with dementia

Answer 17

atrophy

Question 18

often fatal encephalopathy with vomitting, fatty infiltration of liver, and swelling of kidneys and brain

Answer 18

Reye’s syndrome

Question 19

What is Reye’s syndrome associated with

Answer 19

treating a previous viral infection such as influenza or chicken pox with aspirin

Question 20

infection of brain with vacuolated areas due to prion

Answer 20

spongiform encephalopathy

• Kuru
• Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD)