Questions Misc Flashcards
MCC mitral stenosis
rheumatic fever
mitral stenosis EKG
Afib
placental abruption RF
smoking
HTN
Cardiovascular d/o associated w/ argyll Robertson pupil
thoracic aortic aneurism
MCC mitral regurgitation
MVP
mitral regurgitation murmur
holosystolic
apex
radiates to axilla
MVP murmur
mid systolic click
rad to axilla
placental abruption lab
fibrinogen < 200
toxic megacolon TOC
abd xray: colon air and dilation > 6cm
GBS sx
URI/GI infx a few weeks ago
rapid symmetric ascending weakness of distal lower extremities
decreased or absent DTR
GBS dx
CSF: inc protein (albuminocytologic dissociation) normal WBC
EMG or nerve conduction study
Legionella pneumophilia hallmarks
diarrhea
hyponatremia, increased LFT
patchy unilobular infiltrate
Maisonneuve fracture
spiral fx proximal 1/3 of fibula
distal medial malleolar fx or deltoid ligament rupture
beefy red plaques
candidal diaper dermatitis
spares inguinal folds
nystatin ointment
Reynolds pentad
fever
jaundice
RUQ pain
AMS
hypotension
COPD EKG
MAT
cardinal manifestations of Parkinson’s dz
resting tremor
bradykinesia
cogwheel rigidity
postural instability
SCFE age
Teen
Legg calve Perthes age
child (4-8yo)
Drugs with increased risk of bladder cancer
phenacetin
chlornaphazine
3 Ds of endometriosis
dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, dyschezia
fixed or retroverted uterus
adnexal mass
actinic keratosis tx
topical 5 fluorouracil
Thyroid storm tx sequence
BB (propranolol)
PTU/methimazole
iodide
CS
Crohns lab
pANCA negative
ASCA positive
Pagets dz of bone
imbalance in bone remodeling process, resulting in new bone that is abnormally weak or misshapen
cotton wool appearance
bisphosphonates TOC
budd chiari
hepatic vein obstruction
ascites, hepatomegaly, RUQ abd pain
US TOC
klinefelter syndrome karyotype
47XXY
Turner syndrome karyotype
45X
CD4 HIV dz
<200: PCP
<100: toxoplasmosis, cryptococcus
<50: mycobacterium avium
cardiovascular d/o associated w/ JVD and exophthalamos
massive tricuspid regurgitation
macular degeneration sx
gradual central vision loss
decreased detail and color vision
drusen bodies
jones fx
fx through diaphysis of 5th metatarsal
subarachnoid hemorrhage risk factors
cysts in liver and kidney (PKD)
MVP
diverticulosis
berry aneurism
stills murmur
early/mid-systolic musical
vibratory noisy twanging
high pitch
LLSB and apex
venous hum
harsh systolic ejection
LUSB
graham steell murmur
high pitch
early diastolic
L 2nd intercostal space w/ full inspiration
Assoc w/ pulmonary regurgitation
hypertensive crisis caused by tyramine containing foods (aged cheese, wine) can be caused by which med
MAOI (phenelzine, selegiline, isocarboxazid)
idiopathic pulmonary hypertension tx
CCB first line
Meckel’s diverticulum sx
painless rectal bleeding
from vitelline duct (yolk sac)
positive meckel’s scan
increased PTT, mixing study has no correction of PTT
antiphospholipid syndrome: factor inhibitors
tx for severe hypercalcemia
furosemide
IV NS
calcitonin
bisphosphonates
used to slow progression of macular degeneration
VitC
VitE
zinc
legg calve perthes sx
loss of abduction and internal rotation
painless limping
worse at the end of the day
cryptorchidism tx
orchiopexy >6mo
recurrent malignant pleural effusions tx
bleomycin
talc
silicosis presentation
sandblaster
eggshell classifications
asbestosis xray
pleural plaques
coal workers pneumoconiosis xray
small upper lobe nodules w/ hyperinflation of lower lobes
gas gangrene etiology
clostridium perfringens
anthrax etiology
bacillus anthracis
Q fever etiology
coxiella burnetii
hemolytic uremic syndrome can be caused by
enterohemorrhagic E. coli 0157:H7
GBS can come from
campylobacter jejuni
MCC travelers diarrhea
enterotoxigenic eccoli
Conns syndrome tx
spironolactone
ACE
CCB
schizophrenia tx w/ resistance to first line meds
clozapine
pseudotumor cerebri dx
CT w/o contrast first to r/o cranial tumor
sarcoidosis tx
AA w/ longstanding nonproductive cough and bilateral hilarity lymphadenopathy
oral prednisone
Dubin Johnson syndrome
causes isolated direct bilirubinemia
poison ivy sx and tx
fluid filled blisters in a straight line
diphenhydramine and topical CS
dawn phenomenon
decreased insulin sensitivity d/t nightly surge in glucagon and cortisol during nighttime fasting
normal evening glucose levels, increased levels during late night/early morning and upon awakening
tx by avoiding bedtime snack
somogyi effect
nocturnal hypoglycemia, rebound early morning hyperglycemia
normal evening glucose levels, late night/early morning hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia upon awakening
tx with decreasing bedtime NPH dose
pronator syndrome
median nerve compression at proximal forearm
hand and forearm sx
neuroleptic malignant syndrome tx
bromocriptine
serotonin syndrome tx
cyproheptadine
hyperthermia: diazepam
trigeminal neuralgia tx
carbamazepine
atrial flutter tx
verapamil
vagal
BB
mycobacterium avium complex tx
clarithromycin + ethambutol or rifampin
posterior cerebral artery occlusion
visual hallucinations
ipsilateral CN deficits (bells palsy)
contralateral muscle weakness
coma and drop attacks, nystagmus
contralateral homonymous hemianopsia
middle cerebral artery occlusion
contralateral hemiparesis, more prominent arm and face than lower extremities
aphasia
can raise both eyebrows
anterior cerebral artery occlusion
contralateral hemiparesis greater in leg than arm
urinary incontinence
abulia (lack of will)
personality changes
anterolateral MI sx
4th heart sound
inferior wall MI sx
sinus bradycardia
empiric management of bacterial meningitis when organism isn’t known
IV vancomycin + IV ceftriaxone
bowens disease
squamous cell carcinoma in situ
epidermal and dermal cells w/ large pleomorphic hyper chromatic nuclei
Caplan syndrome
RA in pts w/ coal workers pneumoconiosis
sezary dz
type of cutaneous lymphoma
peutz jegher’s syndrome
hereditary intestinal polyposis syndrome
assoc w/ hyper pigmented macules on lips and oral mucosa
colon cancer
storage weber syndrome
skin and neurologic dz assoc w/ port wine stain of the face, seizure, mental retardation, and cerebral tumors
metabolic syndrome sx
need 3/5
central obesity
HTN
elevated fasting plasma glucose
high serum triglycerides
low HDL
refractory ITP tx
splenectomy
sarcoidosis hallmark
bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy
Yersinia pestis
plague- safety pin appearance
bubonic: swollen extremely painful nodes
septicemic: DIC and gangrene
pneumonic: pulmonary infiltrates and pulmonary hemorrhage
infect using rodents and its fleas
prolactinoma tx
cabergoline or bromocriptine
med that causes T wave flattening and U waves on EKG (hypokalemia)
furosemide
lymphogranuloma venereum
genital/rectal lesions w/ suppuration from chlamydia
Tx w/ azithromycin or doxycycline
autoimmune hemolytic anemia dx
Coombs positive
hereditary spherycytotis dx
hyper chromic RBC
+ osmotic fragility test
increased RBCW
microcytic anemia
primary adrenocortical insufficiency labs
metabolic acidosis
isovolemic hypotonic hyponatremia
hyperkalemia
hypoglycemia
hypotension
clomiphene MOA
partial estrogen receptor agonist that stimulates ovulation
MMR vaccine CI
hx of HIV and CD4 count of 100
PCP tx
bactrim
too much mg causes
decreased DTR
skiers thumb
injury to ulnar collateral ligament (gamekeeper is chronic version)
increased laxity w/ valgus stress on thumb
MCC CAP
strep pneumo
2nd: H. flu
proteinuria test
spot urine albumin: creatinine ratio
neuroleptic malignant syndrome
AMS, fever, tachycardia
tachypnic, diaphoresis
stiffness on neck and arms (lead pipe rigidity)
decreased DTR, pupils normal
incontinence, hyper salivation, hyperthermia
Tx w/ bromocriptine or amantadine + dantrolene
amphetamine toxicity
HA, tremor, flushing
hyperthermia, cold sweat, N/V
seizures, sweating, tachycardia
pupil dilation, hypertension
potential MI
serotonin syndrome
tremor, hyperthermia, mydriasis
diarrhea, abdominal cramps
opioid toxicity
pupillary constriction, respiratory depression, bradycardia
hypotension, coma, N/V
acute dystonia
usually hours to days after admin 1st gen antipsychotics
intermittent spasms, trismus, protrusion of tongue
facial grimace, torticollis, difficulty speaking
1st line tx afib or aflutter
BB or CCB
CI in pts with myxedema coma
rapid warming: can cause shock
myxedema coma tx
IV dexamethasone
IV levothyroxine
IV NS
get TSH and free T4
erythema marginatum
rheumatic fever
recent throat infx
macular erythematous nonpruritic enlarging annular rash w/ rounded, sharply demarcated edges, no central clearing and blanches w/ pressure
erythema nodosum
from increased estrogen exposure, sarcoidosis, TB, coccidiomycosis
painful erythematous inflammatory nodules seen especially on anterior shins
erythema multiforme
type IV hypersensitivity reaction
dusty violet or red purpuric macule w/ vesicles or bullae in the center
classic target appearance
melasma tx
topical hydroquinone
Centor criteria
for strep pharyngitis
cervical lymphadenopathy
exudates
no cough
fever
cryptococcal meningitis CSF
decreased glucose
elevated WBC w/ lymphocytosis
cryptococcal meningitis dx
india ink
cryptococcal antigen examination
MC sign in PE
tachypnea
thoracic outlet syndrome
compression of brachial plexus, subclavian artery, or vein
adson test
pheochromocytoma labs
24h urine vanillylmandelic acid levels
oral hairy leukoplakia etiology
EBV
Young patient w/ early parkinsons. med to reduce tremor
benztropine
auspitz sign
punctate bleeding spots when the plaques of psoriasis are unroofed
guttate psoriasis rash
small erythematous discrete papules w/ fine scales