Questions Misc Flashcards
MCC mitral stenosis
rheumatic fever
mitral stenosis EKG
Afib
placental abruption RF
smoking
HTN
Cardiovascular d/o associated w/ argyll Robertson pupil
thoracic aortic aneurism
MCC mitral regurgitation
MVP
mitral regurgitation murmur
holosystolic
apex
radiates to axilla
MVP murmur
mid systolic click
rad to axilla
placental abruption lab
fibrinogen < 200
toxic megacolon TOC
abd xray: colon air and dilation > 6cm
GBS sx
URI/GI infx a few weeks ago
rapid symmetric ascending weakness of distal lower extremities
decreased or absent DTR
GBS dx
CSF: inc protein (albuminocytologic dissociation) normal WBC
EMG or nerve conduction study
Legionella pneumophilia hallmarks
diarrhea
hyponatremia, increased LFT
patchy unilobular infiltrate
Maisonneuve fracture
spiral fx proximal 1/3 of fibula
distal medial malleolar fx or deltoid ligament rupture
beefy red plaques
candidal diaper dermatitis
spares inguinal folds
nystatin ointment
Reynolds pentad
fever
jaundice
RUQ pain
AMS
hypotension
COPD EKG
MAT
cardinal manifestations of Parkinson’s dz
resting tremor
bradykinesia
cogwheel rigidity
postural instability
SCFE age
Teen
Legg calve Perthes age
child (4-8yo)
Drugs with increased risk of bladder cancer
phenacetin
chlornaphazine
3 Ds of endometriosis
dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, dyschezia
fixed or retroverted uterus
adnexal mass
actinic keratosis tx
topical 5 fluorouracil
Thyroid storm tx sequence
BB (propranolol)
PTU/methimazole
iodide
CS
Crohns lab
pANCA negative
ASCA positive
Pagets dz of bone
imbalance in bone remodeling process, resulting in new bone that is abnormally weak or misshapen
cotton wool appearance
bisphosphonates TOC
budd chiari
hepatic vein obstruction
ascites, hepatomegaly, RUQ abd pain
US TOC
klinefelter syndrome karyotype
47XXY
Turner syndrome karyotype
45X
CD4 HIV dz
<200: PCP
<100: toxoplasmosis, cryptococcus
<50: mycobacterium avium
cardiovascular d/o associated w/ JVD and exophthalamos
massive tricuspid regurgitation
macular degeneration sx
gradual central vision loss
decreased detail and color vision
drusen bodies
jones fx
fx through diaphysis of 5th metatarsal
subarachnoid hemorrhage risk factors
cysts in liver and kidney (PKD)
MVP
diverticulosis
berry aneurism
stills murmur
early/mid-systolic musical
vibratory noisy twanging
high pitch
LLSB and apex
venous hum
harsh systolic ejection
LUSB
graham steell murmur
high pitch
early diastolic
L 2nd intercostal space w/ full inspiration
Assoc w/ pulmonary regurgitation
hypertensive crisis caused by tyramine containing foods (aged cheese, wine) can be caused by which med
MAOI (phenelzine, selegiline, isocarboxazid)
idiopathic pulmonary hypertension tx
CCB first line
Meckel’s diverticulum sx
painless rectal bleeding
from vitelline duct (yolk sac)
positive meckel’s scan
increased PTT, mixing study has no correction of PTT
antiphospholipid syndrome: factor inhibitors
tx for severe hypercalcemia
furosemide
IV NS
calcitonin
bisphosphonates
used to slow progression of macular degeneration
VitC
VitE
zinc
legg calve perthes sx
loss of abduction and internal rotation
painless limping
worse at the end of the day
cryptorchidism tx
orchiopexy >6mo
recurrent malignant pleural effusions tx
bleomycin
talc
silicosis presentation
sandblaster
eggshell classifications
asbestosis xray
pleural plaques
coal workers pneumoconiosis xray
small upper lobe nodules w/ hyperinflation of lower lobes
gas gangrene etiology
clostridium perfringens
anthrax etiology
bacillus anthracis
Q fever etiology
coxiella burnetii
hemolytic uremic syndrome can be caused by
enterohemorrhagic E. coli 0157:H7
GBS can come from
campylobacter jejuni
MCC travelers diarrhea
enterotoxigenic eccoli
Conns syndrome tx
spironolactone
ACE
CCB
schizophrenia tx w/ resistance to first line meds
clozapine
pseudotumor cerebri dx
CT w/o contrast first to r/o cranial tumor
sarcoidosis tx
AA w/ longstanding nonproductive cough and bilateral hilarity lymphadenopathy
oral prednisone
Dubin Johnson syndrome
causes isolated direct bilirubinemia
poison ivy sx and tx
fluid filled blisters in a straight line
diphenhydramine and topical CS
dawn phenomenon
decreased insulin sensitivity d/t nightly surge in glucagon and cortisol during nighttime fasting
normal evening glucose levels, increased levels during late night/early morning and upon awakening
tx by avoiding bedtime snack
somogyi effect
nocturnal hypoglycemia, rebound early morning hyperglycemia
normal evening glucose levels, late night/early morning hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia upon awakening
tx with decreasing bedtime NPH dose
pronator syndrome
median nerve compression at proximal forearm
hand and forearm sx
neuroleptic malignant syndrome tx
bromocriptine
serotonin syndrome tx
cyproheptadine
hyperthermia: diazepam
trigeminal neuralgia tx
carbamazepine
atrial flutter tx
verapamil
vagal
BB
mycobacterium avium complex tx
clarithromycin + ethambutol or rifampin
posterior cerebral artery occlusion
visual hallucinations
ipsilateral CN deficits (bells palsy)
contralateral muscle weakness
coma and drop attacks, nystagmus
contralateral homonymous hemianopsia
middle cerebral artery occlusion
contralateral hemiparesis, more prominent arm and face than lower extremities
aphasia
can raise both eyebrows
anterior cerebral artery occlusion
contralateral hemiparesis greater in leg than arm
urinary incontinence
abulia (lack of will)
personality changes
anterolateral MI sx
4th heart sound
inferior wall MI sx
sinus bradycardia
empiric management of bacterial meningitis when organism isn’t known
IV vancomycin + IV ceftriaxone
bowens disease
squamous cell carcinoma in situ
epidermal and dermal cells w/ large pleomorphic hyper chromatic nuclei
Caplan syndrome
RA in pts w/ coal workers pneumoconiosis
sezary dz
type of cutaneous lymphoma
peutz jegher’s syndrome
hereditary intestinal polyposis syndrome
assoc w/ hyper pigmented macules on lips and oral mucosa
colon cancer
storage weber syndrome
skin and neurologic dz assoc w/ port wine stain of the face, seizure, mental retardation, and cerebral tumors
metabolic syndrome sx
need 3/5
central obesity
HTN
elevated fasting plasma glucose
high serum triglycerides
low HDL
refractory ITP tx
splenectomy
sarcoidosis hallmark
bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy
Yersinia pestis
plague- safety pin appearance
bubonic: swollen extremely painful nodes
septicemic: DIC and gangrene
pneumonic: pulmonary infiltrates and pulmonary hemorrhage
infect using rodents and its fleas
prolactinoma tx
cabergoline or bromocriptine
med that causes T wave flattening and U waves on EKG (hypokalemia)
furosemide
lymphogranuloma venereum
genital/rectal lesions w/ suppuration from chlamydia
Tx w/ azithromycin or doxycycline
autoimmune hemolytic anemia dx
Coombs positive
hereditary spherycytotis dx
hyper chromic RBC
+ osmotic fragility test
increased RBCW
microcytic anemia
primary adrenocortical insufficiency labs
metabolic acidosis
isovolemic hypotonic hyponatremia
hyperkalemia
hypoglycemia
hypotension
clomiphene MOA
partial estrogen receptor agonist that stimulates ovulation
MMR vaccine CI
hx of HIV and CD4 count of 100
PCP tx
bactrim
too much mg causes
decreased DTR
skiers thumb
injury to ulnar collateral ligament (gamekeeper is chronic version)
increased laxity w/ valgus stress on thumb
MCC CAP
strep pneumo
2nd: H. flu
proteinuria test
spot urine albumin: creatinine ratio
neuroleptic malignant syndrome
AMS, fever, tachycardia
tachypnic, diaphoresis
stiffness on neck and arms (lead pipe rigidity)
decreased DTR, pupils normal
incontinence, hyper salivation, hyperthermia
Tx w/ bromocriptine or amantadine + dantrolene
amphetamine toxicity
HA, tremor, flushing
hyperthermia, cold sweat, N/V
seizures, sweating, tachycardia
pupil dilation, hypertension
potential MI
serotonin syndrome
tremor, hyperthermia, mydriasis
diarrhea, abdominal cramps
opioid toxicity
pupillary constriction, respiratory depression, bradycardia
hypotension, coma, N/V
acute dystonia
usually hours to days after admin 1st gen antipsychotics
intermittent spasms, trismus, protrusion of tongue
facial grimace, torticollis, difficulty speaking
1st line tx afib or aflutter
BB or CCB
CI in pts with myxedema coma
rapid warming: can cause shock
myxedema coma tx
IV dexamethasone
IV levothyroxine
IV NS
get TSH and free T4
erythema marginatum
rheumatic fever
recent throat infx
macular erythematous nonpruritic enlarging annular rash w/ rounded, sharply demarcated edges, no central clearing and blanches w/ pressure
erythema nodosum
from increased estrogen exposure, sarcoidosis, TB, coccidiomycosis
painful erythematous inflammatory nodules seen especially on anterior shins
erythema multiforme
type IV hypersensitivity reaction
dusty violet or red purpuric macule w/ vesicles or bullae in the center
classic target appearance
melasma tx
topical hydroquinone
Centor criteria
for strep pharyngitis
cervical lymphadenopathy
exudates
no cough
fever
cryptococcal meningitis CSF
decreased glucose
elevated WBC w/ lymphocytosis
cryptococcal meningitis dx
india ink
cryptococcal antigen examination
MC sign in PE
tachypnea
thoracic outlet syndrome
compression of brachial plexus, subclavian artery, or vein
adson test
pheochromocytoma labs
24h urine vanillylmandelic acid levels
oral hairy leukoplakia etiology
EBV
Young patient w/ early parkinsons. med to reduce tremor
benztropine
auspitz sign
punctate bleeding spots when the plaques of psoriasis are unroofed
guttate psoriasis rash
small erythematous discrete papules w/ fine scales
class II anti arrhythmic that antagonizes alpha 1, beta 2, and beta 2 receptors
carvedilol
labetalol
definitive management of CAD if occlusion involves left main coronary artery
CABG
tennis elbow sx
pain on lateral elbow with lateral epicondyle tenderness
inflammation of tendon insertion site of extensor carpi radials brevis
first line TTP
plasmapheresis
tumor lysis syndrome tx
allopurinol
agressive IV hydration
pure seminomaqous germ cell tumor labs
normal AFP
normal bHcg
organism w/ increased incidence of UTI in young sexually active women
staphylococcus saprophyticus
E. coli
coccidioides immitus
fever, nonproductive cough, HA, joint pain
bilateral ankle and knee swelling
painful red rash oh both shine w/ no verrucous lesions present
elevated IgM precipitin ab test
tests that help distinguish causes of Cushing syndrome
high dose dexamethasone suppression test
ACTH levels
keep PDA open
prostaglandin
PDA close w/
indomethacin
risk factor bladder cancer
Hx of smoking
cyclophosphamide
pioglitazone
dye exposure
BIT pyloric stenosis in children
US
metformin AE
AKI, GI sx, lactic acidosis
megaloblastic anemia (elevated MCV)
1st line schizophrenia
2nd gen antipsychotic (olanzapine)
parkinson MOA
idiopathic depletion of dopamine in basal ganglia
severe chronic bronchitis EKG
negative QRS complex in lead I
d/t hypoxemia –> pulmonary HTN –> RVH –> RAD –> RHF
PPI (lansoprazole) AE
macrocytic anemia
chronic hepatitis C tx
pegylated alpha interferon + ribavirin
toxoplasmosis transmission
cat exposure
ring enhancing lesion
fournier’s gangrene
necrotizing fasciitis of the penis and scrotom
impaired immunity
physiopathology of psoriasis
keratin hyperplasia of stratum basale and spinosum due to T cell activation
MC benign ovarian neoplasm
dermoid cystic teratomas
MC clinical presentation of sickle cell
episodic hematuria
DeQuervain’s thyroiditis
Viral illness sx w/ tender thyroid gland
increased ESR
Celiac dz labs
endomysial antibodies
P-ANCA
UC
microscopic polyangiitis
primary sclerosis cholangitis
charge-strauss
primary biliary cirrhosis marker
anti-mitochondrial antibodies
von willebrand marker
ADAMTS13
streptomycin AE
ototoxicity
nephrotoxicity
multiple sclerosis PE
lhermittes sign
increased DTR
myasthenia gravis PE test
ice pack test: ice pack over eye can improve weakness
SIADH labs
hyponatremia
urine sodium >20
decreased serum osmolarity
isovolemia
dermatitis herpetiformis
assoc w/ celiac disease
papulovesicular rash on extensor surfaces
Tx w/ dapsone
pyogenic granuloma
lobular capillary hemangioma
solitary glistening friable red nodule/papule
seen after trauma
kawasaki tx
aspirin and IVIG
marfan syndrome sx
MVP, tall
arachnoidactyly
precuts carinatum
joint laxity, ectopia lentes
fragile X syndrome
MVP, tall, hyper extensible joints
long narrow face, print forehead and chin
large ears, macroorchidism
MCC subacute endocarditis
strep viridian’s
amiodarone AE
hypothyroid lab values
esophageal adenocarcinoma
hx of GERD
dysphasia to solids, weight loss, anemia
no alcohol or smoking
MCC AIN
penicillin
MOA tamsulosin
alpha 1 blocker
provides rapid relief of sx by smooth muscle relaxation of prostate and bladder neck
ATN sx
MC type of intrinsic kidney injury in hospital
oliguria
increase in BUN/Cr
epithelial cell or muddy brown casts
AIN sx
usually assoc w/ allergic or inflammatory response in interstitium
osteochondroma xray
pedunculate growth that grows away from growth plate
chondrosarcoma xray
punctate or ring and arc appearance
sulfonylurea MOA
glyburide, glimepiride, glipizide
stimulates pancreatic beta cell insulin release in a non-glucose dependent fashion
biguanates MOA
metformin
decreases hepatic glucose production with no effect on pancreatic beta cells
MOA alpha glucosidase inhibitors
acarbose, miglitol
delays intestinal absorption of glucose
MOA thiazolidinedione
pioglitazone, rosiglitazone
increases insulin sensitivity at peripheral receptor sites of adipose and muscle tissues
MOA glucagon like peptide 1 agonist
exenatide, liraglutide
lowers blood sugar by mimicking incretin
hereditary hemochromatosis labs
increased serum iron
increased ferritin
increased transferrin saturation
positive hemosiderin deposition
C282Y HFE
hereditary hemochromatosis sx
dilated cardiomyopathy
new onset DM
testicular atrophy
abdominal ascites w/ positive shifting dullness test
bronze colored skin
babesiosis
fever, chills, arthralgia, hemolytic anemia (jaundice)
no rash
PBS: tetrads of organisms in RBC
from tick
tx genital warts
from HPV
flesh colored lesion, cauliflower appearance
podophyllin
hypersensitivity pneumonitis
from birds
rapid onset fever, chills, productive cough, chest tightness 4-8h post exposure
inspiratory crackles
lung bx: micro nodular interstitial involvement with poorly formed noncaseating granulomas
asbestosis
ship builder or demolition repair
linear asbestos bodies w/ protein and iron deposition on lung bx
rule of 9s
head and neck: 9
each arm: 9
anterior trunk: 18
Posterior trunk: 18
each leg: 18
groin: 1
Borderline personality disorder
failed long term relationships
mood swings, black and white thinking with no middle ground
reckless activity, may self harm
ankylosing spondylitis tests
xray: squaring of vertebral bodies (bamboo spine)
psoriatic arthritis xray
pencil in cup deformity
narrow complex SVT tx
adenosine
streptococcus agalactiae bacteremia
group B streptococcus, can cause bacteremia and meningitis in newborn
vaginal delivery
gram positive cocci
cutaneous anthrax
widening of mediastinum
painless black eschar
flu like sx
TTP labs
decreased ADAMTS 13 serum levels
positive neurologic sx
shistocytes on PBS
normal PT and PTT
nephritic syndrome labs
HTN
sudden increase in BUN/Cr
RBC casts
hypercellularity of glomerulus on bx
Ludwig angina
swelling and erythema to upper neck and chin
pus on floor of the mouth
Vincents angina
trench mouth
acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis causing profuse gingival bleeding, pain, and interdental papilla with ulcerative necrosis
MOA zofran
serotonin antagonist
SJS vs TEN
SJS: <10%
TEN: >30%
acute stress disorder vs PTSD
acute stress disorder: <1mo
PTSD: >1mo
serotonin syndrome
tachycardia, BP fluctuations, hyperthermia
hyperreflexia, myoclonus, dilated pupils
agitation, hyperactive GI tract
tx w/ cyproheptidine
multiple sclerosis CSF
increased oligoclonal bands
vibrio cholera sx
raw shellfish
stools are grey with no fecal blood or pus
jersey finger
inability to flex DIP due to avulsion of flexor tendon
TOC mycoplasma pneumoniae and empiric tx for CAP
macrolide (azithromycin) <– only choice for kids
doxycycline
pneumothorax >30% tx
chest tube thoracostomy
MC cardiac abnormality seen with coarctation of the aorta
bicuspid aortic valve
cyclophosphamide AE
used for cancer
hemorrhagic cystitis
increase risk of bladder cancer
SIADH
cimetidine AE
CP450 inhibition
gynecomastia
impotence
screening test SLE
ANA (antinuclear antibody)
drug induced lupus lab
anti histone ab
primary biliary cirrhosis lab
anti-mitochondrial ab
complex regional pain syndrome sx
pain out of proportion
post fracture or trauma
early: swelling, extremity color changes, increased nail and hair growth
late: atrophic skin, hair, nail, muscle growth
mononeuritis multiplex
painful asymmetrical peripheral neuropathy affecting at least 2 nerve areas either simultaneously or sequentially
eventually becomes symmetrical
meds that exacerbate myesthinia gravis
BB
FQ
aminoglycosides (gentamicin)
ARDS hallmark
unresponsiveness to oxygen therapy and low PaO2/FiO2 ratio (<200)
bilateral pulmonary infiltrates
post streptococcus glomerulonephritis lab
anti-streptolysin titer
color colored urine
puffiness to eyes
Janeway lesions
in endocarditis
painless macule on palms and soles
oslers nodes
tender painful nodules on pads of digits
infective endocarditis
keratoderma blenorrhagicum
hyperkeratotic lesions on palms and soles
reactive arthritis
Roth spots
retinal hemorrhages with pale centers
endocarditis
erythema marginatum
macular annular rashes
rheumatic fever
diphtheria tx
diphtheria antitoxin + penicillin
herpetic gingivostomatosis
HSVI in children
sudden onset fever, anorexia, gingivitis and yellow grey vesicles on oral mucosa, tongue, and lips
monteggia fracture
proximal ulnar shaft with anterior radial head dislocation
galleazzi fracture
mid distal radial shaft fx with dislocation of distal radioulnar joint
nightstick fx
isolated mid shaft ulnar fx
endometrial cancer risk factors
estrogen replacement therapy
nulliparity
chronic anovulation
tamoxifen therapy
haloperidol AE
1st gen antipsychotic
galactorrhea
decreased libido
amenorrhea
organophosphate poisoning sx and tx
HA, muscle spasms, convulsions, diffuse wheezing,
diaphoresis, lacrimation
Atropine + pralidoxime
restrictive cardiomyopathy echo
diastolic dysfunction w/ dilation of both atria
efaviranz
HIV med
AE: vivid dreams, neurologic disturbances
zidovudine AE
bone marrow suppression
myopathy
hepatomegaly
pancreatitis
MC inherited cause of hyper coagulability
factor v leiden
MC inherited cause of bleeding
von willebrand dz
hallmark neurogenic shock
hypotension w/ bradycardia
decreased pulmonary capillary wedge pressure
empyema tx
abx and pleural fluid drainage
tx hyperkalemia
insulin w/ glucose
IV calcium gluconate
oral sodium polstyrene sulfonate
neb albuterol
MC premalignant skin condition
actinic keratosis
crohns dz classic association
granulomas and fistulas
TOC esophageal variceal bleeding
endoscopic ligation
acute dystonia
from diphenhydramine
trismus, protruding of tongue, facial grimacing
torticollis
difficulty speaking
paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria triad
hemolytic anemia
venous thrombus of large vessels
pancytopenia
Step process hyperosmolar hyperglycemic syndrome
IV NS
IV insulin bolus
IV insulin drip
Glu 250: 5DNS
methimazole AE
hepatotoxicity
myelosupression (agranulocytosis)
myasthenia gravis tx and lab
acetylcholine receptor ab
acute crisis: plasmapheresis
long term management: pyridostigmine or neostigmine
doxorubicin indication and AE
used for AML, ALL
dilated cardiomyopathy. bone marrow suppression, GI AE, alopecia
carotid endarterectomy indication
internal or common carotid artery stenosis >70%
meds CI in tx of cocaine induced MI
BB
Biot’s respiration
morphine/opioid OD
irregular respirations of quick shallow breaths of equal depth with irregular periods of apnea
cheyne stokes breathing
HF, respiratory depression, uremia, brain damage
periods of deep breathing alternating with periods of apnea. smooth increases in rate of breathing with smooth gradual decrease in rate of breathing with period of apnea
kussmaul breathing
metabolic acidosis
deep rapid continuous respirations
clinical manifestation of Q fever
culture negative endocarditis
pyoderma gangrenosum
inflammatory diseases
inflammatory nodule/pustule –> painful necrotic ulcer with irregular purple or violet undermined borders and purulent base
erythema multiforme major vs minor
major: involves mucus membranes (oral, genital, ocular)
PID tx
doxycycline + ceftrixone
hallmark neisseria meningitidis
petechia rash
MCC meningitis in children 1mo- 18yo
hemophilia B labs
Christmas tree
increase in PTT
myocarditis sx
conjunctivitis
urethral discharge
arthralgia
rotator cuff tendinitis
younger patients
anterior shoulder pain when doing overhead movements
tx: subacromial lido
wegener’s granulomatosis (granulomatosis w/ polyangiitis)
necrotic sinusitis
lower respiratory tract infection (honeycombing)
rapidly progressing glomerulonephritis (RBC casts)
+ C-ANCA
C. diff colitis
strikingly increased lymphocytes, pseudomembrane appearance in colon
oral metronidazole
vitamin C deficiency sx
perifollicular hemorrhages and purpura
hyperkeratosis
CI to flu vaccine
egg allergy
CI MMR and varicella
gelatin allergy
neomycin allergy
hep B vaccine CI
bakers yeast
Lambert eaton syndrome
seen with small cell carcinoma
ab against presynaptic Ca gated channels that release Ach
Hallmark: improves w/ repeated use
acute exacerbations of COPD tx
ipratropium + albuterol
percutaneous nephrolithotomy
large stones >10mm
struvite and stag horn calculi
heparin induced thrombocytopenia tx
tx w/ direct thrombin inhibitor (argatroban, bivalirudin)
thrombocytopenia and thrombosis
hemolytic anemia labs
increased indirect bili
increased LDH
shistocytes
increased reticulocytes
decreased haptoglobin
thiazolidinedione AE
rosiglitazone
cardio toxicity (chest pain), CHF (fluid retention, edema)
hepatotoxicity, fx
osteomalacia xray
looser zones
renal osteodystrophy xray
osteomalacia in chronic renal dz
salt and pepper appearance
multiple myeloma xray
punched out lesions of skull
Paget dz of bone xray
cotton wool appearance of skull
kaposki sarcoma etiology
HHV8
erythromycin AE
prolonged QT
CP450 inhibition
diarrhea
increased risk of muscle toxicity with statin
erysipelothriz rhusiopathiae
follows skin abrasion or puncture from raw fish, shellfish, raw meat, and poultry
localized cutaneous lesion limited to hand, finger, and web spaces
Nonpitting edema and purplish erythema with sharp irregular margins extending peripherally while clearing centrally
BB AE
fatigue, depression, impotence, hypotension, bradycardia
2nd/3rd degree heart block, bronchospasm
primary vs secondary adrenal insufficiency
primary has skin hyperpigmentation
naegele’s rule
3 months + 7 days
membranous neuropathy
MCC primary nephrotic syndrome in adults
caused by viral hepatitis or penicillamine
basement membrane thickening on kidney bx
can cause exudative pleural effusion
Berger’s disease
IgA deposition in glomerulus
associated with glomerulonephritis
DM induced neuropathy
kimmelstiel wilson lesion
nodular glomerulonephritis with pink hyaline material around glomerular capillaries
meniere’s disease 4 cardinal sx
episodic peripheral vertigo (horizontal nystagmus)
ear fullness
hearing loss
tinnitus
syphilis dx with chancre or. condyloma
dark field microscopy
chronic mesenteric ischemia sx
dull abdominal pain worse w/ meals and weight loss
schizophrenia vs mania
flat blunted emotional affect in schizophrenia
alpha 1 antitrypsin deficiency
young patient w/ emphysema, nonsmoker
increased CSF opening pressure xanthochromia that does not diminish from tube 1 to 4
subarachnoid hemorrhage
staghorn and struvite stones associated with
proteus mirabilis
low AFP
high bHcg
low estradiol
trisomy 21
low AFP
low bHcg
low estradiol
trisomy 18
latent TB infx tx
isoniazid + pyridoxine for 9mo
whipples disease
diarrhea
joint pain
Fever
twitching of eye muscle while chewing
positive PAS macrophage
dilation of lacteals
sickle cell disease xray
H shaped vertebrae with central endplate depression
warm antibody autoimmune hemolytic anemia tx
CS
amiodarone AE
pulmonary fibrosis
thyroid disorders
tx Lyme disease with neurological and cardiac disease
IV ceftriaxone
seborrheic keratosis PE
small papule or plaque with velvety warty stuck on appearance
myoclonus
brief sporadic single repetitive jerks or twitching of 1+ muscle groups
tularemia
camping, tick or insect bite or handling rodent/rabbit tissue
HA, F, N
ulcerated papule with central eschar and tender regional lymphadenopathy
splenomegaly, diarrhea
medullary thyroid carcinoma test
calcitonin
cholinergic crisis
excess Ach
N/V, salivation, diarrhea, mitosis, bradycardia,
respiratory failure, sweating
edrophonium worsens sx
Crohns dz sx
string sign
non bloody diarrhea
RLQ pain
saccharomyces cerevisiae ab positive
B12 deficiency
complication of B12 replacement therapy
hypokalemia
