Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PNCE > GU > Flashcards

GU Flashcards

1
Q

urge incontinence etiology

A

overactive bladder
contraction by detrusor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

urge incontinence test

A

US to r/o UTI
urodynamic studies: confirm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

urge incontinence tx

A

oxybutynin
mirabegron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

stress incontinence test

A

clinical
UA r/o UTI
Q tip test

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

stress incontinence tx

A

1st: kegals, pessary
topical estrogen
surgery: bladder lift, urethral sling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

overflow incontinence etiology

A

nerves not telling detrusor to empty

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

overflow incontinence test

A

post void residual w/ bladder US
urodynamic studies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

overflow incontinence tx

A

clean intermittent catheterization
surgical correction
alpha adrenergic blockers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

prolapse tx

A

conservative: kegels,
nonsurg: pessaries, estrogen tx
surgical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

cryptorchidism tx

A

refer to surgery after 1yo, no later than 3yo
higher risk of testicular cancer if not corrected

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

peyronie dz etiology

A

plaque formation in tunic albuginea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

peyronie dz tx

A

clostridial collagenase injection
surgery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

vesicoureteral reflux sx

A

young pt, repeat UTIs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

vesicoureteral reflux test

A

voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG)
US (hydronephrosis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

vesicoureteral reflux tx

A

prevent/tx UTI
manage HTN and renal insufficiency
surgery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

tx balanitis

A

candida: clotrimazole or miconazole cream
allergic: hydrocortisone cream

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

cystitis labs

A

+ leukocyte esterase
+ nitrates
urine culture and sensitivity definitive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Pyridium AE

A

used in UTI as analgesic
AE orange urine, can cause methylglobinuria if used <48h

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

MCC epidymitis <35yo

A

urethritis, STI (chamydia, gonorrhea)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

MCC epididymitis >35yo

A

prostatitis, BPH, UTI (e.coli, klebsiella, pseudomonas, proteus)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

epididymitis sx

A

unilateral scrotal pain and swelling
+ Prehn sign
+ cremaster reflex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

epididymitis tx

A

NSAIDS, cool compress
gono/chlam: azithromycin/doxycycline and ceftriaxone
bacteria: bactrim, FQ, cephalexin (child)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

MCC orchitis

A

viral: mumps

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

orchitis sx

A
  • cremasteric sign
    + prehns sign
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

orchitis tx

A

resolves in 1wk
self limited

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

MCC acute prostatitis

A

E. coli
<35yo: chlamydia/gonorrhea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

acute prostatitis tx

A

initial: ampicillin and aminoglycoside
<35: ceftriaxone and doxy
outpt: bactrim or FQ
prostate massage CI, risk of septicemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

chronic prostatitis vs acute prostatitis

A

Acute: tender and boggy
Chronic: nontender and boggy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

chronic prostatitis tx

A

bactrim
TURP if refractory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

MCC pyelonephritis

A

E. coli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

pyelonephritis sx

A

CVA tenderness, N/V/F, chills, tachycardia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

pyelonephritis tests

A

WBC casts
urine culture definitive
leukocytosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

pyelonephritis tx

A

outpt: bactrim, FQ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

urethritis MCC

A

chlamydia trachomatis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

chlamydia culture

A

does not grow on culture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Urethritis most sensitive/specific test

A

Nucleid acid amplification test (NAAT)

37
Q

urethritis tx

A

coinfx: ceftriaxone + azithromycin or doxy
non-gonococcal: azithromycin or doxy
test parters and tx

38
Q

MC bladder cancer

A

transitional

39
Q

bladder cancer dx

A

gold: cystoscopy w/ bx
CT w/ urography

40
Q

penile cancer MC

A

SCC

41
Q

penile cancer risk factors

A

HPV
smoking

42
Q

MC prostate cancer

A

adenocarcinoma

43
Q

prostate cancer risk factors

A

> 40yo, AA
Fhx, smoking
high fat diet*

44
Q

PSA monitoring

A

annual exam after 50yo
45yo if high risk

45
Q

PSA levels prostate cancer

A

> 4: not prostate cancer specific
10: repeat in 8-10w

46
Q

prostate cancer tx

A

gold for mets: orchiectomy, antiandrogens +/- chemo
if PSA still increased: GnRH (leuprolide)

47
Q

MC type testicular cancer

A

germ cell tumors: seminoma

48
Q

Common cause of testicular cancer

A

cryptorchidism

49
Q

non-seminoma GCT tests

A

+ AFP
high Hcg
radio resistance

50
Q

MC location testicular cancer

A

right side

51
Q

which testicular cancer doesn’t have high AFP

A

pure seminoma: no tumor markers, sensitive to radiation, slow growing, stepwise spread

52
Q

wilms tumor sx

A

child
large abdomen or palpable abdominal mass
fever, abd pain, hematuria

53
Q

wilms tumor BIT

A

US

54
Q

wilms tumor tx

A

nephrectomy w/ chemo

55
Q

nephrolithiasis risk factors

A

dehydration, diet, hx of stones
hyperparathyroidism

56
Q

MC stone nephrolithiasis

A

calcium oxalate

57
Q

struvite stones nephrolithiasis

A

F
staghorn, coffin shaped
alkaline

58
Q

uric acid stones nephrolithiasis

A

gout, high protein diet
acidic
radiolucent

59
Q

nephrolithiasis sx

A

acute colicky pain upper/lateral back or flank
loin to groin (radiate to groin), CVA tenderness
hematuria, F/N/V

60
Q

nephrolithiasis proximal ureter presentation

A

flank pain,
CVA tenderness

61
Q

nephrolithiasis mid ureter presentation

A

mid abdominal pain

62
Q

nephrolithiasis distal ureter (VUJ) presentation

A

groin pain

63
Q

nephrolithiasis BIT

A

spiral/helical CT w/o contrast

64
Q

radiopaque stones nephrolithiasis

A

Calcium and struvite

65
Q

first line erectile dysfunction

A

PDE5: sildenafil, vardenafil, tadalafil

66
Q

PDE5 CI

A

sildenafil, tadalafil
CI in nitrate use and CV dz

67
Q

1st line low flow priapism

A

phenylephrine
CI in CV dz
can do turbutaline if <4h

68
Q

risk factor hypospadias

A

advanced maternal age, placenta insufficiency
preterm newborns, low birth weight

69
Q

hypospadias tx

A

surgery before 2yo

70
Q

lichen Planus associations

A

hep C
ACE, thiazide, diuretics

71
Q

lichem planus sx

A

5Ps: pruritic, purple, polygonal, papules, plaques
lacy white lines (Wickham striae)

72
Q

lichen Planus tx

A

topical high potency GC (betamethasone)
self limiting

73
Q

paraphimosis tx

A

emergency
manual reduction
surgery

74
Q

phimosis tx

A

topical steroids, gentle stretching
emergent: dilation w/ clamp and pain meds
definitive, circumcision

75
Q

BPH tx

A

asx: no tx regardless of size
5 alpha reductase inhibitor (shrink prostate): finasteride, dutasteride
alpha 1 adrenergic blockers: prazosin, terazosin
TURP

76
Q

5 alpha reductase inhibitor AE

A

finasteride
gynecomastia

77
Q

alpha adrenergic blocker AE

A

prazosin and terazosin
hypotension (orthostatic)

78
Q

hydrocele MC location

A

right side

79
Q

hydrocele layer

A

tunica vaginalis

80
Q

varicocele MC location

A

left side

81
Q

varicocele right side

A

suspect inferior vena cava syndrome if right side only
if sudden, renal cell carcinoma
if child <10yo, retroperitoneal malignancy

82
Q

varicocele right side test

A

CT

83
Q

varicocele left side test

A

scrotal US/doppler

84
Q

MCC testicular torsion

A

bell clapper deformity

85
Q

testicular torsion sx

A

neg cremasteric reflex
neg prehns sign

86
Q

testicular torsion tx

A

manual detorsion (<4-6h)
6+h: necrosis –> orchiectomy
surg consult 1st then US

87
Q

urethral stricture test

A

post void residual (uroflowmetry)
urethrography
cystourethroscopy

88
Q

urethral stricture tx

A

dilation
urethroplasty

PNCE (33 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions