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PNCE > JB Cardio > Flashcards

JB Cardio Flashcards

1
Q

AAA dx

A

Initial: abdominal US

Gold standard: Angiography

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2
Q

AAA PE

A

Smoker

Rupture: palpable pulsatile mass. Sudden severe constant back/flank/abd/groin pain and/or shock

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3
Q

Acute MI tx

A

Fluids, O2, ASA, NTG, BB, ACE, statin, anticoag, anti-platelet

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4
Q

Acute anterior MI EKG

A

ST elevation V1-V4

ST depression in 2 other contiguous leads

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5
Q

Antiarrhythmics AE (amiodarone)

A

Amiodarone: optic neuritis, thyroid dz, hepatitis, pulmonary fibrosis (eye, thy, liver, lung)
Na channel blocker OD: wide complex QRS

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6
Q

Thoracoabdominal aneurism tx

A

BB (labetalol)

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7
Q

Angina tx

A

Stable: Nitro/ BB/ CCB
Unstable: MONA

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8
Q

Aortic aneurism tx

A

BB, statin, daily low dose aspirin, plavix
anticoags
surgical revascularization <5cm

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9
Q

Aortic stenosis tx

A

aortic valve replacement

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10
Q

Complete heart block tx

A

Definitive: permanent pacemaker

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11
Q

PSVT tx

A

Vagal w/ maneuver or adenosine

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12
Q

Vfib tx

A

CPR and defibrillation (unsynchronized cardiovert)

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13
Q

VTach tx

A

Stable: amiodarone, lidocaine, procainamide
Unstable w/ pulse: synchronized cardiovert
No pulse: unsync cardiovert + CPR
Torsades: IV mag

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14
Q

Torsade’s de Pointes tx

A

IV magnesium sulfate

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15
Q

Afib tx

A

BB/CCB
Anticoag
Convert (pharm or electro)

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16
Q

ASD murmur

A

Systolic ejection crescendo decrescendo murmur @ LUSB.

Widely fixed split S2 that does not vary with respiration

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17
Q

Cardiac arrest tx

A

CPR

Defib if VTach or VFib

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18
Q

Cardiac Tamponade PE

A

Beck’s triad: JVD, muffled heart sounds, hypotension

Pulsus paradoxus

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19
Q

Cardiogenic shock tx

A 
Emergent ECHO
O2, isotonic fluids
Inotropes 
Pressors
ICU
20
Q

Coarctation of aorta PE

A

Child w/ secondary HTN, bilateral lower extremity claudication, systolic murmur radiates to back/scapula or chest.
Systolic BP upper extremities > lower extremities
Delayed/weak femoral pulses
CXR: rib notching/ figure 3 sign

21
Q

Coarctation of aorta tx

A

Surgery

22
Q

CHF sx

A

Left: S3, rales (LUNG)
Right: JVD, ascites, edema (ROADS)

22
Q

CHF sx

A

Left: S3, rales (LUNG)
Right: JVD, ascites, edema (ROADS)

23
Q

CHF tx

A

Acute: LMNOP (lasix, morphine, nitro, O2, position/bipap)
Chronic: ACE/ARB, BB

24
Q

CAD Dx

A

EKG –> stress test –> angiography (gold standard)

25
Q

CAD tx

A

Stent or CABG

26
Q

Dilated cardiomyopathy tx

A

HF tx: ACE, diuretics, BB, digoxin, AICD, heart transplant

27
Q

Dissecting aortic aneurism dx

A

CT w/ contrast
MRI angiography (gold standard)
CXR: widened mediastinum

28
Q

Dresslers syndrome tx

A

Aspirin or colchicine

29
Q

Endocarditis tx

A

vancomycin

prophylaxis: amoxicillin DOC (clindamycin if penicillin allergy)

30
Q

endocarditis dx

A

blood culture
EKG
Echo
Labs: increased ESR/RF

31
Q

Giant cell arteritis dx

A

Clinical dx. increased ESR >100.

Temporal artery bx

32
Q

Giant cell arteritis tx

A

high dose corticosteroids

33
Q

HOCM tx

A

BB 1st line
surgical myomectomy
alcohol septal ablation
ICD placement

34
Q

Kawasaki sx

A

Asian children
“warm + CREAM”: fever with 4/5 –> conjunctivitis, rash, extremity changes (arthritis), adenopathy, mucus membranes (strawberry tongue)

35
Q

PDA PE

A

L to R shunt (non cyanotic)
continuous machine like murmur loudest @ LUSB.
wide pulse pressure, bounding pulses

36
Q

PAD tx

A

cilostazol

37
Q

PAD sx

A

Pale on elevation, ulcers on toes and points of trauma (lateral malleolus), thin shiny skin, hair loss, cool limbs, decreased/absent pulses

38
Q

Raynaud’s tx

A

CCB (dihydro) nifedipine

39
Q

Renal artery stenosis dx

A

CT/MRA/US

Renal arteriography gold standard (dont use if renal failure present)

40
Q

Rheumatic fever MCC

A

Group A beta hemolytic strep

41
Q

STEMI tx

A

repercussion therapy (PCI/ thrombolytics)
antithrombotics
Adjunct: BB, ACE, nitrates, morphine, statin, electrolyte replenish

42
Q

superficial thrombophlebitis tx

A

Aseptic: NSAIDS
Septic: PCN + gentamicin

43
Q

Tetrology of fallot sx

A

Cyanotic, RVH, VSD, overriding aorta

CXR: boot shaped heart

44
Q

WPW tx

A

stable: vagal –> procainamide
Unstable: synchronized cardiovert
Radiofrequency ablation: definitive

PNCE (33 decks)

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