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PNCE > CME Resources > Flashcards

CME Resources Flashcards

1
Q

Abx that causes ototoxicity (2)

A

Aminoglycosides: Gentamicin > vancomycin (permanent sensorineural)
minocycline (transient vestibular dysfunction (dizzy, N/V)

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2
Q

Abx that causes nephrotoxicity (2)

A

aminoglycosides: gentamicin (ATN)

vancomycin

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3
Q

Abx that causes disulfiram like reactions (1)

A

metronidazole

N/V/D, abd cramps, flushing, tachycardia, HA

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4
Q

Abx that causes red man syndrome

A

vancomycin

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5
Q

abx that causes red lobster syndrome

A

rifampin

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6
Q

abx that causes discolored teeth

A

tetracyclines: do not give to pregnant women or children <8yo

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7
Q

abx that causes yellow babies

A

sulfonamides: don’t use in women near term or neonates

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8
Q

abx with highest incidence of C. diff

A

clindamycin

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9
Q

abx with highest prevalence of C. diff (3)

A 
Oral aminopenicillins (amoxicillin and augmentin) 
oral cephalosporins (cephalexin) 
oral FQ (levofloxacin)
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10
Q

abx that can cause diffuse nonurticarial maculopapular rash with EBV

A

aminopenicillin: ampicillin

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11
Q

potential abx complications in pregnancy

A 
FAST
FQ: arthropathy
Aminoglycosides: CN8 toxicity in fetus 
sulfonamides: newborn kernicterus 
tetracyclines: tooth/bone problems for infant
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12
Q

if allergic to penicillin G, also allergic to

A

cefoxitin

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13
Q

if allergic to ampicillin, allergic to (2)

A

cefaclor

cephalexin

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14
Q

if penicillin causes macunopapular rash, use

A

cephalosporins

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15
Q

If penicillin causes anaphylaxis

A

do not use penicillin or cephalosporin

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16
Q

Benzathine penicillin used for

A

syphilis

S. pyogenes (group A strep): pharyngitis, cellulitis

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17
Q

anti staphylococcal penicillins

A

nafcillin

dicloxicillin

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18
Q

anti streptococcal penicillins coverage

A

S. pyogenes (group A strep)

S. aureus

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19
Q

indications for anti streptococcal penicillins

A

skin and soft tissue infections

abscesses

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20
Q

aminopenicillins

A

ampicillin

amoxicillin

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21
Q

amino penicillin coverage

A 
S. pyogenes (group A strep) 
GBS
S. pneumo 
enterococcus 
B. burgdorferi 
proteus
listeria
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22
Q

aminopenicillin indications

A

URI
endocarditis prophylaxis for dental care
lyme kids <8yo

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23
Q

augmented amino penicillin indications

A

animal/human bite prophylaxis/tx
URI
dental infections
skin and soft tissue infx

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24
Q

zosyn indications

A

nosocomial infections

25
Q

1st gen cephalosporins (2)

A

cefazolin (ancef)
cephalexin (Keflex)
good gram + coverage

26
Q

cephalosporin indications (1st gen)

A 
skin and soft tissue infx 
strep pharyngitis (if PCN intolerant)
preoperative prophylaxis (cepfazolin) 
uncomplicated cystitis (pregnant)
27
Q

2nd gen “respiratory” cephalosporins

A

cefuroxime

28
Q

2nd gen cephalosporins indications

A

URI

skin and soft tissue infx

29
Q

3rd gen oral cephalosporins

A 
cefpodoxime 
cefdinir (omnicef)
30
Q

3rd gen perenteral cephalosporin

A

ceftriaxone (rocephin)

covers most gram neg

31
Q

ceftriaxone indications

A

CAP w/ azithromycin
Meningitis
gonorrhea
abdominopelvic infx (pyelonephritis, diverticulitis)

32
Q

4th gen parenteral cephalosporin

A

cefepime

33
Q

vancomycin indication

A

gram + only
PO: C. diff
IV: MRSA, systemic infx, severe skin and soft tissue infx

34
Q

do not combine tetracyclines w/ __ to prevent pseusotumor cerebri

A

isotreninoin

35
Q

tetracyclines

A

doxycycline

minocycline

36
Q

tetracycline indications

A

URI
CAP
Non-gonococcal urethritis/cervicitis
tick born disease (lyme, RMSF)

37
Q

macrolides

A

erythromycin

clarithromycin

38
Q

erythromycin AE

A

QTc prolongation

N/V/D

39
Q

clarithromycin AE

A

metallic taste

40
Q

TOC bordatella pertussis

A

macrolides (erythromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin)

41
Q

lincosamides

A

clindamycin

42
Q

clindamycin AE

A

C. diff

43
Q

aminoglycosides

A

gentamycin

tobramycin

44
Q

aminoglycoside AE

A

nephrotoxicity (usually reversible)

ototoxicity (irreversible)

45
Q

Fluoroquinolones AE

A 
arthropathy, neuropathy, 
CI in kida <18yo 
acute achilles tendon rupture 
dysglycemia 
QT prolongation
46
Q

non respiratory FQ

A

ciprofloxacin

47
Q

respiratory FQ

A

levofloxacin

moxifloxacin

48
Q

trimethoprim/ sulfamethoxazole AE

A

hypersensitivity rxn
reversible myelosupression
hemolytic anemia in G6PD pts

49
Q

bactrim indications

A 
P. jiroveci (PCP) pneumonia 
MRSA tx (not serious infx, ex furunculosis)
50
Q

Nitroimidazoles

A

metronidazole

tinidazole

51
Q

metronidazole AE

A

metallic taste
disulfiram like reaction
fetotoxic in 1st trimester

52
Q

Amphotericin B ae

A

nephrotoxicity

53
Q

terbinafine AE

A

hepatotoxicity

54
Q

Abx used for MSSA

A

Oral: gold standard: dicloxacillin; Silver standard: cephalexin
Parenteral: gold: nafcillin; silver: cefazolin, bronze: vancomycin

55
Q

Abx used for MRSA

A

Oral: Linezolid and tedizolid, doxycycline and minocycline, Bactrim, clindamycin
Parenteral: Gold: vancomycin

56
Q

abx used for pseudomonas

A

Oral: ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin
Parenteral: zosyn, aztreonam, ceftazidime, ceftolazone, cefepime, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, tobramycin, doripenem > meropenem> imipenem

57
Q

vancomycin resistant enterococcus abx

A

Oral: linezolid, tedizolid
Parenteral: daptomycin, tigercycline linezolid, tedizolid

58
Q

abx for anaerobics

A

Oral: gold standard: metronidazole or augmentin; silver standard: clindamycin
Parenteral: gold: Gold: zosyn, carbapenems, metronidazole; silver: clindamycin

PNCE (33 decks)

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