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PNCE > EENT JB > Flashcards

EENT JB Flashcards

1
Q

Acoustic neuroma dx

A

MRI, CT, audiology

Unilateral sensorineural hearing loss is acoustic neuroma until proven otherwise

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2
Q

Acute narrow angle closure glaucoma tx

A

Acetazolamide 1st line
timolol
pilocarpine/carbachol

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3
Q

Acute OM 4 MC organisms

A

S. pneumo MC
H. flu
M. Cat
Strep pyogenies (GABHS)

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4
Q

OM Tx

A

amoxicillin TOC
Cefixime in children
Augmentin/ cefaclor 2nd line
erythromycin-sulfisoxazole, azithromycin, bactrim if penicillin allergy

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5
Q

Acute sinusitis tests

A

Mainly clinical
CT w/o contrast TOC
sinus radiographs: order waters view

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6
Q

Acute sinusitis tx

A

symptomatic therapy
Abx (if sx 10-14d or complications): amoxicillin DOC, doxycycline or bactrim 2nd line, FQ or augmenting if recent abx use/refractory

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7
Q

Allergic rhinitis sx

A

worse in mornings, clear rhinorrhea, boggy turbinates, nasal polyps with cobblestoning of the mucosa

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8
Q

Amaurosis fugax sx

A

Mini TIA
temporary unilateral vision loss (lasts minutes) with complete recovery
“curtain” that resolves (lifts up) within 1h

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9
Q

Blepharitis anterior vs posterior

A

Anterior: involves skin and base of eyelashes
posterior: meibomian gland dysfunction

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10
Q

CRAO PE

A

monocular vision loss
Cherry red macula (red spot)
box car appearance of retinal vessels
hx of atherosclerosis

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11
Q

Ophthalmic chemical burn tx

A

irrigation ASAP
moxifloxacin or atropine drops
Optho f/u

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12
Q

Cholesteatoma PE

A

Painless otorrhea w/ strong odor

peripheral vertigo

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13
Q

Corneal abrasion fluorescein stain

A

“ice rink” linear abrasions

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14
Q

Dacrocystitis location

A

Medial canthus

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15
Q

Diptheria sx

A

tonsillopharyngitis or laryngitis classes presentation
pseudomembranes friable gray/white on pharynx that bleeds if scraped
bull neck, myocarditis, arrhythmias, HF

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16
Q

Diptheria tx

A

Antitoxin most important + erythromycin/penicillin
clindamycin and rifampin (alternatives)
PCN + amino glycoside for endocarditis

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17
Q

Diptheria prophylaxis

A

erythromycin or penicillin benzathine G

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18
Q

Diptheritic pharyngitis etiology

A

corynebacterium diphtheriae (gram + rod)

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19
Q

Anterior epistaxis MC location

A

kiesselbach’s plexus

20
Q

Posterior epistaxis MC location

A

palatine artery

21
Q

Types of macular degeneration

A

Dry (atrophic): drusen spots

Wet (neovascular or exudative): new abnormal vessels

22
Q

Nasal polyps tx

A

intranasal CS TOC

Surgery

23
Q

optic neuritis sx

A

loss of color vision, visual field defects (central scotoma), over a few days, unilateral.
ocular pain worse with eye movement
Marcus gunn pupil

24
Q

Optic neuritis dx

A

usually clinical
swinging light test, fundoscopy
MRI

25
Q

Oral candidiasis (thrush) tx

A

nystatin liquid TOC
clotrimazole
oral fluconazole

26
Q

Oral hairy leukoplakia caused by:

A

EBV (HHV4)

27
Q

Oral hairy leukoplakia sx

A

painless white plaque
hairy or feathery with prominent folds
cannot be scraped off

28
Q

Oral lichen Planus tx

A

local or systemic CS

29
Q

orbital cellulitis sx

A

decreased vision
pain with EOM
proptosis, eyelid erythema
edema around orbit

30
Q

Orbital cellulitis dx

A

high resolution CT w/ IV contrast

31
Q

Otitis externa tx

A

ciprofloxacin/dexamethasone
amino glycoside combo (neomycin/polytrim-B/hydrocortisone otic)
fungal: amphotericin B

32
Q

parotitis prevention

A

MMR vaccine @ 12-15, and 4-6yo

33
Q

Peritonsilar abscess sx

A

hot potato voice
uvula deviation contralateral side
anterior cervical lymphadenopathy

34
Q

peritonsilar abscess dx

A

CT 1st line

35
Q

Peritonsilar abscess MCC

A

Strep pyogenes (GABHS)

36
Q

Retinal detachment sx

A

photopsia –> floaters –> progressive unilateral vision loss
curtain coming down in periphery –> central vision loss
no pain or redness

37
Q

Retinal detachment test

A

fundoscopy + shafers sign

38
Q

retinoblastoma PE

A

absent red reflex

white pupil

39
Q

Sialadenitis MCC

A

S. aureus

40
Q

Sialolithiasis MC location

A

Wharton’s duct

Stensons duct

41
Q

Sialolithiasis tx

A

sialogouges
Abx: dicloxacillin/nafcillin + metronidazole/clindamycin
avoid anticholinergics

42
Q

streptococcal pharyngitis tx

A

penicillin g or VK 1st line
amoxicillin, augmentin
macrolide if PCN allergic
clindamycin, cephalosporins

43
Q

Uveitis PE

A

associated w/ HLAB27, sarcoidosis, toxoplasmosis, TB
ciliary injection (limbic flush)
photophobia
inflammatory cells and flare within aqueous humor

44
Q

Uveitis tx

A

Anterior: topical CS
posterior: systemic CS

45
Q

Anterior vs Posterior uveitis

A

anterior: unilateral ocular pain/red/photophobia. excessive tearing. usually after blunt trauma
posterior: blurred/decreased vision, floaters, no anterior involvement, no pain

46
Q

Viral conjunctivitis MCC

A

Adenovirus

47
Q

Vitreous hemorrhage sx

A

blurry vision, floaters, cobweb like apparitions floating through field of vision
reddish tint to vision
photopsia

PNCE (33 decks)

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