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PNCE > Infx Dz > Flashcards

Infx Dz Flashcards

1
Q

botulism sx

A

symmetric descending flaccid paralysis
12-36h after exposure
dec or absent DTR
D: diplopia, dilated fixed pupils, dry mouth, dysphasia, dysarthria, dysphonia, dec DTR, descending
urinary retention

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2
Q

botulism etiology

A

toxin inhibits Ach release

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3
Q

botulism tx

A

antitoxin
CDC
abx only in wound botulism: Pen G

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4
Q

infant botulism sx

A

constipation
symmetric descending paralysis (floppy baby)
poor gag reflex, pooled oral secretion
poor feeding, diminished suck, dec vision

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5
Q

infant botulism tx

A

IV botulism IG: equine if <1yo, human if >1yo
avoid honey during first year of life

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6
Q

gas gangrene etiology

A

clostridium perfringens
traumatic injury or IVDU

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7
Q

gas gangrene sx

A

sudden onset pain and edema, shock
brown/blood tinged watery exudates w/ skin discoloration around area
crepitus/gas in tissue on PE

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8
Q

gas gangrene tx

A

IV penicillin + IV clindamycin, debridement

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9
Q

listeriosis found in

A

deli meat
unpasteurized dairy

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10
Q

listeriosis sx

A

bacteremia in infants <2mo and elderly
pregnancy: associated w/ premature labor and stillbirth

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11
Q

listeriosis tx

A

IV ampicillin TOC

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12
Q

anthrax CXR

A

widening of mediastinum

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13
Q

anthrax tx

A

ciprofloxacin for tx and exposure

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14
Q

MC bacterial diarrhea in US

A

campylobacter jejuni

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15
Q

campylobacter jejuni complications

A

GBS
reactive arthritis

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16
Q

campylobacter jejuni sx

A

frequent bloody watery diarrhea
N/V/F

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17
Q

gold standard campylobacter jejuni

A

stool culture

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18
Q

campylobacter jejuni tx

A

supportive
severe: azithromycin

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19
Q

chlamydia etiology

A

C. trachomatis

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20
Q

chlamydia tx

A

azithromycin single dose or doxy
pregnant/sx: PCN/cephalosporin. test of cure after 3wks

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21
Q

chlamydia conjunctivitis in neonate tx

A

PO erythromycin: associated w/ pyloric stenosis in infants

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22
Q

neonatal chalmydia pneumonia sx

A

infant between 3-16wks old
gradual staccato cough
afebrile
pharyngitis, sinusitis

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23
Q

neonatal chlamydia pneumonia tx

A

1st line: macrolide (azithromycin)
2nd line: doxy

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24
Q

cholera type of diarrhea

A

non inflammatory

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25
Q

cholera sx

A

watery diarrhea w/ mycys
rice water stools
fever rare

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26
Q

cholera definitive test

A

stool culture

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27
Q

cholera tx

A

supportive
mod-sev: cipro or doxy, azithromycin if child or pregnant

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28
Q

diptheria sx

A

URI sx, low fever
bull neck, cervical lymphadenopathy
grey pseudomembrane on pharynx (grains of salt, bleed when scraped)
myocarditis: arrhythmia/heart failure

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29
Q

diptheria confirm test

A

pharyngeal cultures

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30
Q

diptheria tx

A

hospital and isolation
ASAP equine serum antitoxin
IM PCN G or PO/IV erythromycin

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31
Q

diptheria prophylaxis

A

penicillin benzathine G or erythromycin

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32
Q

DTap schedule

A

5 doses: 2mo, 4mo, 6mo, 5-18mo, 4-6yo
booster at 11yo

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33
Q

gonorrhea tests

A

NAAT
gram stain and culture: gr negative diplococci

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34
Q

gonococcal tx

A

uncomplicated: ceftriaxone IM and azithromycin PO (for chlamydia)
complicated: sub in doxycycline

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35
Q

fitz- hugh curtis syndrome

A

disseminated acute peri hepatitis

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36
Q

gonococcal urethritis tx

A

ceftriaxone IM and azithromycin PO (or doxy)

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37
Q

HUS caused by

A

E. coli O157:H7 (shiga like toxin)

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38
Q

HUS sx

A

MC in children <5yo
abd pain, N/V
bloody diarrhea, seizures

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39
Q

MCC acute kidney injury in children

A

HUS

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40
Q

HUS labs

A

triad: hemolytic anemia, renal failure, thrombocytopenia

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41
Q

HUS tx

A

supportive
avoid ABX

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42
Q

MRSA bacteria shape

A

gram positive bacteria cocci in cluster

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43
Q

MRSA tx

A

isolation
tx for both sx and no sx
vancomycin or linezolid first line

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44
Q

psittacosis MCC

A

parrot fever
chlamydia psittaci
h/o bird exposure

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45
Q

psittacosis sx

A

high fever
HA, myalgia
nonproductive couth
HEPATOSPLENOMEGALY

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46
Q

psittacosis CXR

A

patchy peri-hilar or lower lobe infiltrates

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47
Q

psittacosis tx

A

supportive and first line: doxy
2nd line: azithromycin (kids or pregnant)

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48
Q

RMSF etiology

A

rickettsia rickettsia: gr negative coccobacilli

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49
Q

RMSF sx

A

abrupt onset, severe HA, N/V/F
maculopapular rash on palms and soles –> petechiae

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50
Q

RMSF test confirm

A

skin bx

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51
Q

RMSF complications

A

encephalitis
myocarditis
pulmonary edema

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52
Q

RMSF tx

A

doxy, even in children
chloramphenicol if pregnant or AE

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53
Q

chloramphenicol AE

A

gray baby syndrome in 3rd trimester

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54
Q

MCC of osteomyelitis in children w/ sickle cell

A

salmonella

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55
Q

salmonella sx

A

fever, bloody diarrhea
pea soup

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56
Q

typhoid salmonella sx

A

bradycardia
hepatosplenomegaly
rose colored rash

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57
Q

salmonella tx

A

rehydration
severe: ciprofloxacin, FQ

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58
Q

shigella sx

A

high fever
watery bloody mucoid diarrhea
seizures
dehydration

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59
Q

shigella tx

A

FQ adults
azithromycin in kids
avoid anti motility

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60
Q

complication of shigella

A

bacteriemia
sepsis
HUS
reactive arthritis
seizures

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61
Q

Q fever etiology

A

coxiella burnetii
from sheep, goats, wool

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62
Q

Q fever sx

A

Acute: pneumonia. severe HA, hepatitis, or encephalopathy
chronic: culture neg endocarditis. persistent low grade fever, rash (septic thromboembolism)

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63
Q

Q fever test

A

acute: immunofluorescence IFA MC
chronic: phase I IgG immunoglobulins

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64
Q

Q fever tx

A

doxycycline TOC
rifampin for chronic disease

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65
Q

plague etiology

A

yersinia pestis
infected rodents and their fleas

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66
Q

bubonic plague sx

A

MC form of plague
swollen, warm, red, painful nodes in groin, axilla, and cervical regions (buboes)

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67
Q

septicemic plague sx

A

DIC: extensive purpura (Black Death)
gangrene (acral): distal extremities, nose, penis
no buboes
pts die from pneumonia or meningitis

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68
Q

pneumonic plague sx

A

tachypnea, cyanosis
productive cough
frothy blood tinged sputum
red death

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69
Q

plague gram stain

A

bipolar staining: safety pin appearance of organisms

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70
Q

plague tx

A

streptomycin or gentamicin 1st line
doxycycline 2nd line

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71
Q

plague post exposure prophylaxis

A

doxycycline or tetracycline
Bactrim alternative

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72
Q

tetanus etiology

A

clostridium tetani
gram + rod

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73
Q

tetanus prevention

A

Tdap

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74
Q

tetanus sx

A

risks sardonicus: joker smile
opisthotonos: arched back
trismus: lock jaw
descending paralysis
inc DTR

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75
Q

spatula test

A

tetanus: touch oropharynx causes reflex biting d/t masseter spasm

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76
Q

tetanus tx

A

metronidazole or single IM dose of human tetanus IG
alternative: Pen G
benzo (diazepam) to decrease spasms

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77
Q

tetanus prophylaxis

A

prior immunization >3 doses, uncertain, or <3 doses: dT if low risk wound and >10y since last dose
high risk wound: dT if >5y since last dose + 25ou IM TIGa

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78
Q

cryptococcus CD4

A

<100

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79
Q

MCC fungal meningitis in immunocomp adults

A

cryptococcus

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80
Q

cryptococcus sx

A

meningitis
N/V
photophobia

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81
Q

histoplasmosis sx

A

flu like sx —> pneumonia
secondary infx w/ TB like sx

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82
Q

histoplasmosis CXR

A

hilar/mediastinal lymphadenopathy
patchy nodular pulmonary infiltrates
occasional cavitations

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83
Q

histoplasmosis labs

A

inc ESR
anemia, pancytopenia
tissue bx: granulomas, fungi visualization

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84
Q

histoplasmosis tx

A

itraconazole or amphotericin B
CS

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85
Q

pneumocystis CD4

A

<200

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86
Q

pneumocystis pathogen

A

pneumocystis jiroveci (PCP)

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87
Q

pneumocystis sx

A

gradual fever, dyspnea on exertion
dry cough, wheezing, SOB
hypoxia w/ ambulation

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88
Q

pneumocystis test

A

BIT: sputum culture
CXR: bilateral diffuse infiltrates, bat wing appearance, ground glass opacities, apical regions spared and progress peripherally
inc LDH
+ silver stain

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89
Q

pneumocystis definitive test

A

bronchoalveolar lavage

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90
Q

pneumocystis tx

A

bactrim TOC
dapsone if allergic
prednisone if hypoxic

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91
Q

pneumocystis prophylaxis HIV tx

A

bactrim

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92
Q

M. Avium intracellular (MAC)

A

atypical mycobacterial disease MC assoc w/ AIDS

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93
Q

M. avium (MAC) sx

A

fever, swollen lymph nodes
diarrhea, fatigue, WL, SOB

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94
Q

African trypanosomiasis

A

African sleeping sickness: tsetse fly
painless chancre at bite signs, winter bottom sign (posterior cervical lymphadenopathy)
daytime sleepiness followed by nighttime insomnia
infx disease consult

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95
Q

trichinosis

A

pork, undercooked meat
myositis, palpebral or circumorbital edema
eosinophilia hallmark
muscle bx: larvae in striated muscle
self limited if mild, albendazole + CS if severe

96
Q

leishmaniasis

A

female sandfly
small erythematous papules w/ ulceration or dry indurated plaque w/ satellite pustules
raised bordered scar, regional lymphadenopathy
hepatosplenomegaly
infx dz consult

97
Q

ehrlichiosis

A

from ixodes or lodestar tick
high F, toxicity, myalgia, HA, splenomegaly
no rash usually
PBS/buffy coat: morale in WBC, mulberry shaped aggregates
thrombocytopenia, leukopenia
tx w/ doxycycline

98
Q

mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) CD4

A

<50

99
Q

mycobacterium avium complex sx

A

pulmonary infx in immunocomp: cough w/ sputum, F, WL, bronchiectasis
disseminated in HIV pts: sweat, WL, fatigue, diarrhea, dyspnea, RUQ pain
lymphadenitis in children: cervical submandibular/ maxillary

100
Q

mycobacterium avium complex tx

A

clarithromycin + ethambutol for 1 year

101
Q

HIV prophylaxis CD4 <50

A

mycobacterium avium complex
clarithryomycin, azithromycin
rifabutin 2nd line

102
Q

leprosy etiology

A

mycobacterium leprae
affects superficial tissues (skin and peripheral nerves)

103
Q

leprosy sx

A

lepromatous: nodular plaque or papular skin lesions (lepromas) w/ poorly defined border. symmetric nerve involvement (sensation preserved). paresthesias in affected peripheral nerves. hypo pigmented areas in cooler parts of body
tuberculoid: hypo pigmented macular lesions numb to touch
mononeuritis multiplex: nerve damage (clawing, foot drop)

104
Q

leprosy test

A

acid vast bacillus smear from skin bx

105
Q

leprosy tx

A

lepromatous: dapsone, rifampin, clofazimine for 2-3y
tuberculoid: dapsone + rifampin for 6-12mo followed by dapsone 2yrs

106
Q

Ranke complex

A

ghon complex that has been calcified

107
Q

if TB spreads, its called

A

systemic military TB

108
Q

Pott dz

A

TB spread to lumbar vertebrae

109
Q

TB hallmarks

A

longhand giant cell: horsehoe shape, multi nuclei, Schumann bodies, astroid bodies
caseating: tissue in middle of granuloma dies –> ghon focus
Ghon focus + hilar lymph node: ghon complex

110
Q

TB sx

A

primary: F, night sweat, cough, hemoptysis
erythema nodusum: flat, firm, hot red, painful lumps on shins

111
Q

tb dx and tests

A

BIT: PPD
CXR: apical cavitary lesions –> granulomas
IGRA
sputum culture: bright red
bx of nodule

112
Q

CXR TB types

A

classic: ghon complex w/ calcification
secondary: cavitation and scarring in upper lobes
military: numerous small nodules throughout lungs

113
Q

latent TB tx

A

bacteria in body but doesn’t cause sx
not contagious, +PPD
9mo of isoniazid + B6

114
Q

latent and prophylaxis TB tx

A

isoniazid + B6 9 mo
monitor LFT

115
Q

B6

A

pyridoxine

116
Q

tx TB

A

Rifampin
Isoniazid + B6
Pyrazinamide
Ethambutol
for 6mo

117
Q

rifampin AE

A

orange urine/tears
hepatotoxic

118
Q

isoniazid ae

A

peripheral neuropathy: add B6 (pyridoxine)
hepatotoxic

119
Q

pyrazinamide ae

A

hepatotoxic
hyperuricemia (gout)

120
Q

ethambutol AE

A

optic neuropathy
red-green color blindness
hyperuricemia (gout)
hepatotoxic

121
Q

amebic liver abscess MCC

A

entamoeba histolytica
feco-oral
h/o camping

122
Q

amebic liver abscess sx

A

RUQ pain, tender to palpation
bloody diarrhea, F
jaundice, cough, sweating

123
Q

amebic liver abscess tests

A

BIT: US
confirm: serology

124
Q

amebic liver abscess tx

A

metronidazole, even if asx
paromomycin

125
Q

hookworm etiology

A

necator americanus

126
Q

hookworm sx

A

intermittent diarrhea
cough, wheezing
rash @ site of infx

127
Q

hookworm labs

A

eosinophilia
iron deficiency anemia

128
Q

hookworm tx

A

mebendazole, albendazole
iron replacement
pyrantel if pregnant

129
Q

roundworm MCC

A

ascaris lumbricoides

130
Q

roundworm sx

A

cough, wheezing
abd pain, diarrhea

131
Q

roundworm tx

A

albendazole

132
Q

babesiosis etiology

A

babesia microti: attacks RBC, NE US
hx of tick bite

133
Q

babesiosis sx

A

F, chills, hemolytic anemia
jaundice, arthralgia, myalgia

134
Q

babesiosis pathognomonic

A

PBS: parasites within RBC in tetrads (Maltese cross)

135
Q

babesiosis tx

A

atovaquone + azithromycin or quinine + clindamycin

136
Q

chagas dz MCC

A

protozoa trypanosoma cruzi
MC in children
from bug bite

137
Q

leading cause of CHF in latin america

A

chagas dz

138
Q

chagas dz sx

A

acute: 3w-3m F, unilateral periorbital edema (Romanas sign), lymphadenopathy, edema at site of bite, hepatosplenomegaly
chagoma: inflammatory nodule at bite site
latent: cardiomyopathy, CHF, megacolon, megaesophagus

139
Q

chagas dz test

A

PBS or culture
serology or muscle bx in latent phase
echo: cardiomegaly w/ apical atrophy/aneurism

140
Q

chagas dz tx

A

benznidazole or nifurtimox for 90-120d

141
Q

MCC malaria

A

P falciparum: coma, dark urine, renal failure

142
Q

malaria sx

A

cyclic fevers, night sweats, splenomegaly, jaundice (hemolytic anemia), AMS, coma

143
Q

malaria dx

A

geimsa stain
confirm: PBS shows trophozoites, diamond ring appearance

144
Q

malaria tx

A

uncomplicated: chloroquine
complicated: quinidine + doxycycline
areas of high resistance: mefloquine

145
Q

chloroquine AE

A

hemolytic anemia
G6PD

146
Q

pinworm etiology

A

enterobius vermicularis

147
Q

pinworms tx

A

albendazole
mebendazole
pyrantel pamoate

148
Q

ToRCH syndrome

A

toxoplasmosis
rubella
cytomegalovirus
HSV2

blueberry muffin rash (TTP)

149
Q

toxoplasmosis etiology

A

toxoplasma gondii
transplacental or exposure to cat feces

150
Q

toxoplasmosis sx

A

flu sx
congenital: bilateral ventriculomegaly, hydrocephalus, hepatoplenomegaly, hearing loss

151
Q

toxoplasmosis for HIV pts

A

CD4 <100
encephalitis
chorioretinitis

152
Q

toxoplasmosis test

A

toxoplasma IgG ab
ELISA
CT/MRI: ring enhancing lesions

153
Q

toxoplasmosis tx

A

acute: pyrimethamine
sulfadiazine/clindamycin
spiramycin if pregnant

154
Q

toxoplasmosis prevention tx

A

bactrim DOC for CD4 <100

155
Q

congenital rubella sx

A

deaf, blueberry muffin rash
heart dz w/ murmur (PDA, ASD/VSD)

156
Q

congenital rubella test

A

fetal US during pregnancy: heart abnormality, splenomegaly, microcephaly, growth retardation
confirm: rubella specific IgM in fetal blood or amniotic fluid

157
Q

congenital rubella tx

A

supportive
vaccinate MMR before pregnancy

158
Q

neonatal herpes simplex virus from

A

HSV2 via birth canal passage

159
Q

neonatal herpes simplex virus sx

A

asx mother or multiple vesicular genital ulcers
neonate: keratoconjunctivitis, vesicular skin rash, seizures, meningitis, sepsis, respiratory distress, impaired neurodevelopment

160
Q

zika virus sx

A

low grade f
maculopapular rash pruritic
arthralgia of small joints
non purulent conjunctivitis

161
Q

zika test

A

PCR/ serology

162
Q

zika tx

A

supportive

163
Q

zika complications

A

microcephaly
GBS

164
Q

zika prevention

A

virus is problem for pregnant women bc of fetal complications
use contraception in males for 3m, females for 2m. both partners= 3mo

165
Q

sepsis sx

A

F, tachycardia
hypotension, tachypnic,
AMS

166
Q

sepsis tx

A

vasopressors (dopamine, NE)
empiric abx w/in 1hr: vanco, zosyn

167
Q

toxic shock syndrome pathogen

A

S. aureus
Group a strep
from tampon use

168
Q

toxic shock syndorme sx

A

F, hypotension
diffuse macular or necrotizing rash including palms and soles
diarrhea, pharyngitis

169
Q

toxic shock syndrome tx

A

admit
IV fluids
GAS: PCN G and clindamycin
S. aureus: vancomycin and clindamycin

170
Q

West Nile virus

A

flavivirus from mosquitoes
flu like sx, pharyngitis
supportive tx

171
Q

severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)

A

coronavirus, causes atypical pneumonia
stool is first to be positive, CT
supportive management

172
Q

hantavirus (hemorrhagic fever)

A

from rodent feces or urine, in SW US
prodromal febrile phase, cardiopulmonary phase + renal failure
supportive tx, ICU

173
Q

tularemia etiology

A

francisella tularensis: rodents and rabbits

174
Q

tularemia sx

A

ulceroglandular (MC): single papule at site, ulceration of papule w/ central eschar and tender regional lymphadenopathy
glandular: lymphadenopathy w/o lesions
oculoglandular: splashed in the eye, pain, photophobia, tearing
pharyngeal: ingestion, F, sore throat
typhoidal: ingestion: G, GI sx
pneumonia, meningitis, pericarditis

175
Q

tularemia tx

A

streptomycin DOC

176
Q

diseases w/ eschar

A

tularemia
anthrax
leishmaniasis
coccidiomycosis
mucormycosis

177
Q

brucellosis

A

from cattle, ingestion of infected unpasteurized milk and cheese
low grade/no fever, nonspecific sx
tx w/ rifampin + doxycycline

178
Q

lyme etiology

A

borrelia bugdorferi spirochete
Ixodes tick from white tail deer

179
Q

congenital syphilis sx

A

Hutchinson teach
saddle nose deformity
ToRCH syndrome

180
Q

syphilis tx

A

benzathine PCN G
Doxycycline if allergy
monitor RPR q 6-12mo

181
Q

AE PCN G

A

Jarish herxheimer reaction: acute fever in response to lysis
use antipyretics in the first 24h

182
Q

cytomegalovirus etiology

A

HHV5
immunocompromised (DM, HIV/AIDS, post transplant)

183
Q

cytomegalovirus sx

A

infectious mono: mono spot neg
congenital: premature birth, hearing loss, low birth weight, hepatosplenomegaly, seizures, respiratory distress

184
Q

cytomegalovirus tests

A

+CMV IgM
PBS: owl eye appearance

185
Q

cytomegalovirus tx

A

ganciclovir TOC

186
Q

cytomegalovirus infx reactivation

A

retinitis: scrambled egg/ketchup appearance (pizza pie)
esophagitis
CD4 <50

187
Q

EBV sx

A

F, posterior cervical lymphadenopathy
pharyngitis, tonsillitis
splenomegaly
rash w/ amoxicillin tx

188
Q

erythema toxicum

A

in neonates
small erythematous macules/papules 3-5d after birth
does not involves palms or soles.
self limited, resolves in 1-2w

189
Q

erythema infectiosum etiology

A

fifth disease
MC in children
parvovirus B19

190
Q

erythema infectiosum sx

A

low fever, coryza
slapped cheek, lace like
spares palms and soles

191
Q

erythema infectiosum tx

A

supportive

192
Q

erythema infectiosum complications

A

transient aplastic crisis from dec EPO
sickle cell: aplastic anemia

193
Q

HSV infection test

A

tzanck smear
PCR most sensitive and TOC

194
Q

rubeola etiology

A

paramyxovirus

195
Q

rubeola sx

A

cough, coryza, conjunctivitis
koplik spots
exanthema starts at face and spreads down

196
Q

rubeola gold standard

A

anti measles IgM

197
Q

rubeola complication

A

OM, pneumonia, croup, diarrhea
panencephalitis/meningitis/vision loss
child under 2: subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (mood changes, seizures, coma)

198
Q

mumps etiology

A

paramyxovirus

199
Q

MCC pancreatitis in children

A

mumps

200
Q

mumps complication

A

orchitis

201
Q

cat scratch disease etiology

A

bartonella henselae

202
Q

cat scratch disease sx

A

F, HA, lymphadenopathy 1-7wks after scratch

203
Q

cat scratch dz tx

A

mild: self limited
moderate: azithromycin 1st line or doxycycline
severe: rifampin, gent, ciproflox
doxy if optic neuritis or neuro dz

204
Q

smallpox (variola) etiology

A

orthopox virus

205
Q

smallpox sx

A

flu prodrome: abrupt high F, severe head/back pain
skin eruptions that crust over in 2 wks
palmar and plantar lesions common, trunk to extremities

206
Q

smallpox tx

A

supportive

207
Q

CI to smallpox vaccine

A

eczema
dermatitis
burns

208
Q

rabies etiology

A

rhabdovirus from animal bite

209
Q

rabies sx

A

F, fear of water ingestion
foaming at the mouth
alternating mania and stupor
ascending flaccid paralysis

210
Q

rabies post mortem brain bx

A

negri bodies

211
Q

rabies tx

A

rabies IG (day 0, 3, 7, 14) + rabies vaccine IM

212
Q

roseola etiology

A

sixth disease
HHV6 and HHV7

213
Q

roseola sx

A

1st: high abrupt fever
2nd: rose colored rash starts on trunk –> back. spares face

214
Q

scarlet fever etiology

A

GABHS

215
Q

scarlet fever sx

A

F, chills, pharyngitis
rash: sandpaper. MC starts in groin and axilla and spreads to trunk then extremities. spares palms and soles. flushed face w/ circumoral pallor and strawberry tongue
pastas lines

216
Q

pastias lines

A

scarlet fever
linear petechial lesions seen at pressure points, axillary, antecubital, abdominal or inguinal areas

217
Q

scarlet fever tx

A

pen G or VK first line
macrolide if PCN allergic
can return to school 24h after abx initiation

218
Q

rubella sx

A

low fever, pink light red spots last 3d. starts of face spread to body
lymphadenopathy: retroauricular, posterior cervical, posterior occipital
forchheimer spots

219
Q

forchheimer spots

A

seen in scarlet fever and rubella
rose colored spots on soft palate

220
Q

rubella complication

A

congenital rubella syndrome: teratogenic esp in 1st trimester
sensorineural deafness, cataracts, TTP
mental retardation, ToRCH syndrome

221
Q

varicella infection etiology

A

VZV HHV3

222
Q

varicella infection complication

A

secondary bacterial infection (staph/strep)
reyes syndrome (ASA CI)
encephalitis

223
Q

Ramsey hunt syndrome

A

varicella zoster in ear

224
Q

MC etiology cat/dog bite

A

pasteurella

225
Q

MC etiology human bite

A

eikenella

226
Q

bite tx

A

initial: wound healing
PO augmentin
tetanus or rabies prophylaxis

227
Q

abx of choice in pregnant women

A

amoxicillin

228
Q

1st gen cephalosporin AE

A

cefazolin, cephalexin
disulfiram like rxn
dont take w/ alcohol (N/V, flushing, tachycardia)
cross rxn w/ penicillins

229
Q

only cephalosporin effective against MRSA

A

ceftaroline (5th generation)

230
Q

vancomycin AE

A

thrombophlebitis
red man syndrome
nephrotoxic
ototoxic

231
Q

carbapenems AE

A

severe CNS toxicity
seizures
imipenem nephrotoxic unless used wl cilastatin

232
Q

when using imipenem, need to use

A

cilastatin
due to nephrotoxicity

233
Q

bacitracin AE

A

nephrotoxic if given systemically

234
Q

tetracycline + isotrentinoin

A

pseudotumor cerebri

235
Q

azithromycin AE

A

QT prolongation

236
Q

1st gen FQ AE

A

nalidixic acid
QT prolongation
tendon rupture

237
Q

1st gen FQ CI

A

nalidixic acid
pregnancy
nursing mothers
children <18yo

PNCE (33 decks)

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