QFR 6 Flashcards
This property resides in the portion of
the Fab molecule called the combining
site, a cleft formed largely by the
hypervariable regions of heavy and light
chains
Specificity
The
first
reaction
involves
antigen-antibody combination through
single antigenic determinants on the
particle surface and is often called?
Sensitization
The second stage, representing the sum
of interactions between antibody and
multiple antigenic determinants on a
particle, is dependent on environmental
conditions
and
the
relative
concentrations of antigen and antibody
Lattice formation
Affects the zoning
phenomenon
Relative conc.
Abs will not detect
determinants buried
within the particle
More number of
determinants the higher
the likelihood of cross
bridging
Location and
concentration of
Antigenic
determinants of
the particle
Non covalent interaction
Electrostatic
interactions
between
particles
Ionic
strength in the buffer
plays an important role in agglutination.
Electrolytes reduce
electrostatic charges that
interfere with lattice
formation.
Electrolyte
concentration
-
are used to detect the presence of
antibodies in a patient’s serum.
-
used for both diagnostic and screening
purposes
-
provide rapid diagnostic
Primary serological tests
-
are used to confirm the presence of
antibodies and determine their type.
-
more commonly used for diagnostic
purposes only
-
more time and resource to perform
Secondary serological tests
Initial force of attraction that exist between single Fab site ang single epitope on the corresponding Ag
Affinity
Sum of all attractive forces between an Ag and an Ab
Avidity
if there is an increase in _______ there is an
increase in the stability of the Ag and Ab
complex
Avidity
The ability of an antibody to
combine with a particular antigen.
Specificity
when some of the
determinants of an antigen are shared
by similar antigenic determinants on the
surface
of
apparently
unrelated
molecules,
a
proportion
of
the
antibodies directed against one type of
antigen will also react with the other
type
-
typically an Ab should only bind to one
antigen but in case of ___________ , it
could bind with 2 or 3 and maybe even 4
Antigens
which
could
only
have
similarities
cross reactivity
What is the importance of grading
serologic
reactions
according
to
agglutination and hemolysis?
Antibodies differ in their ability to
agglutinate.
complete antibodies,
IgM
Antibodies that do not exhibit visible
agglutination
of
saline
suspended
erythrocytes, even when bound to the
cell’s surface membrane, are considered
to be non-agglutinating antibodies and
have
been
called
?
incomplete
antibodies.
meaning it could only bind
to one antigen
Monovalent
Why would incomplete antibodies fail to exhibit agglunitation?
the antigenic
determinants are located deep within
the surface membrane or may show
restricted movement in their hinge
region, causing them to be functionally
monovalent meaning it could only bind
to one antigen
incomplete
antibodies.
IgG
