Intrduction To IS Flashcards
What is Immunology?
Resistance to diseases, specifically infectious diseases.
The host’s reaction to foreign substances
This refers to the diagnostic examination of blood serum and other body fluids with regards to the responsebof the immune system to pathogens.
Serology
This refers to the diagnostic examination of blood serum and other body fluids with regards to the responsebof the immune system to pathogens.
Serology
This refers to the condition of being resistant to infection.
Immunity
The exposure of one infectious agent produces protection against another agent.
Cross immunity
The exposure of one infectious agent produces protection against another agent.
Cross immunity
This is a substance that stimulates antibody formation and has the ability to bind to an antibody.
Antigens
Any substance that is capable of inducing an immune response
Immunogen
a low-molecular-weight, nonantigenic substance that, when combined with an
antigen, changes the antigenic specificity of that antigen
Hapten
glycoprotein substance (immunoglobulin) that is produced by B lymphocytes
in response to an antigen
Antibody
derived from a single B-cell clone and are produced as a
single class of immunoglobulin with specificity unique to the antigenic stimulus.
Monoclonal antibodies
derived from a single B-cell clone and are produced as a
single class of immunoglobulin with specificity unique to the antigenic stimulus.
Monoclonal antibodies
This antibody is produced as a different classes of immunity by many B-cell clones in response to an antigen
Polyclonal antibodies
These are antibodies produced in reponse to antigens from another species.
Heteroantibodies / Xenoantibodies
These antibodies are formed in response to antigens from individuals of the same species
Alloantibodies
This antibodies are produced by the body’s immune system against “self” antigen
Autoantibodies
This antibodies are produced by the body’s immune system against “self” antigen
Autoantibodies
This is a part of an antigen that reacts specifically with an antibody or T-cell receptor
Epitope
This is the clumping of particulate antigens by antibodies specific for the
antigens
Agglunitation
This is the s the tendency that an epitope has for combining with the antigen-binding site
on an antibody molecule.
Affinity
This is the strength of the bond between the antigen and the antibody
Avidity
This is the smallest amount of antigen or antibody that can be detected.
Sensitivity
This is the ability of an antibody to bind to an antigen with complementary
Specificity
These are glycoprotein substances secreted by antigen-stimulated B cells
Immunoglobulins
It is the predominant immunoglobulin in secretions such as tears, saliva, sweat,
breast milk, and respiratory tract, genital, and intestinal secretion
IgA
This exists as a monomer, and its function is unknown
IgD
This is the is the predominant immunoglobulin in the adult. s. It is also the only
immunoglobulin that crosses the placental barrier, thus transferring immunity from
mother to infant
IgAIgG
This is the largest of the immunoglobulins, existing as a pentamer. It is the first
immunoglobulin to be produced after exposure to an antigen
IgM
This is the largest of the immunoglobulins, existing as a pentamer. It is the first
immunoglobulin to be produced after exposure to an antigen
IgM
This is group of proteins synthesized in mononuclear phagocytes, hepatocytes,
fibroblasts, and some endothelial cells
Complement
A small peptide formed during complement activation that causes
increased vascular permeability, contraction of smooth muscle, and release of histamine
from basophils and mast cells.
Anaphylatoxins
A life-threatening response to an allergen characterized by the systemic
release of histamine
Anaphylaxis
