PT Tests And Measures

Question 1

ABI is used for:

Answer 1

Check for PAD

Question 2

How to perform ABI

Answer 2

Divide higher of two systolic BP measurements in the ANKLES by the higher of two systolic BP measurements in the ARMS

Question 3

ABI ≥ 1.30

Answer 3

• Rigid arteries

- Needs US test to check for PAD

Question 4

ABI 1.0-1.30

Answer 4

Normal, no blockage

Question 5

ABI 0.8-0.99

Answer 5

• Mild blockage

- Beginnings of PAD

Question 6

ABI 0.4-0.79

Answer 6

• Moderate blockage

- May be associated with INTERMITTENT CLAUDICATION during exercise

Question 7

ABI less than 0.4

Answer 7

• Severe blockage
• Suggests PAD
• May have claudication at rest

Question 8

SBP sound

Answer 8

First appearance of clear tapping sounds

Question 9

DBP sounds

Answer 9

Sounds disappear completely

Pressure at last audible sound

Question 10

Where do Korotkoff sounds (sounds heard when taking BP) come from?

Answer 10

Turbulent flow and oscillations of the arterial wall

Question 11

Normal BP for children 3-17

Answer 11

SBP and DBP less than 90th percentile

Question 12

Prehypertension in children

Answer 12

SBP or DBP ≥ 90th percentile to 95th percentile

Question 13

4 areas to auscultate

Answer 13

• Aortic area
• Pulmonic area
• Mitral area
• Tricuspid area

Question 14

Auscultation: aortic area

Answer 14

2nd intercostal space at R sternal border

Question 15

Auscultation: Pulmonic area

Answer 15

2nd intercostal space at L sternal border

Question 16

Auscultation: Mitral area

Answer 16

5th intercostal space medial to L midclavicular line

Question 17

Auscultation: tricuspid area

Answer 17

4th intercostal space at L sternal border

Question 18

S1 heart sound corresponds with

Answer 18

Closure of the AV valves at onset of ventricular systole

Question 19

S2 heart sound corresponds with

Answer 19

Closure of aortic and pulmonic valves (semilunar) at onset of ventricular diastole

Question 20

LUB

Answer 20

S1

Question 21

DUB

Answer 21

S2

Question 22

What is an S3 heart sound?

Answer 22

Vibrations of the distended ventricle walls due to passive flow of blood from atria during diastole

Question 23

When is S3 sound normal/abnormal?

Answer 23

• Normal in healthy young children

- Abnormal in adults and may be associated with heart failure

Question 24

S3 sound is also called

Answer 24

Ventricular gallop

Question 25

What is the S4 heart sound?

Answer 25

Pathological sound of vibration of the ventricular wall with ventricular filling and atrial contraction

Question 26

S4 heart sound associated with

Answer 26

• HTN
• Stenosis
• Hypertensive heart disease
• MI

Question 27

S4 sound AKA

Answer 27

Atrial gallop