CAT Topics 2

Question 1

R coronary artery primarily supplies

Answer 1

R atrium and ventricle

Question 2

L coronary artery primarily supplies

Answer 2

L atrium and ventricle

Question 3

CAD: These symptoms of partial occlusion are often the initial indicator of underlying pathology

Answer 3

• exertion-related SOB
• weakness
• angina pectoris

Question 4

Primary HTN

Answer 4

No identifiable cause and develops slowly over time

Question 5

Secondary HTN

Answer 5

Occurs as a result of underlying pathology

Question 6

Systolic component of BP represents

Answer 6

Max pressure exerted as the heart contracts

Question 7

Diastolic component of BP represents

Answer 7

Minimum pressure exerted when the heart is at rest

Question 8

Pharmacological mgmt of HTN attempts to:

Answer 8

• decrease preload
• dilate peripheral vessels
• alter HR

Question 9

Most common cause of atelectasis

Answer 9

Surgical anesthesia

reduces normal deep breathing and diminishes urge to cough

Question 10

Atelectasis is typically diagnosed with

Answer 10

Chest X-ray

Question 11

Cor pulmonale: occurs when R ventricle is unable to effectively pump blood due to

Answer 11

• pulmonary HTN

- increased R ventricular afterload

Question 12

Causes of acute cor pulmonale

Answer 12

Pulmonary embolism

ARDS

Question 13

Cor pulmonale is typically (acute/chronic)

Answer 13

Chronic

Question 14

Most accurate method to confirm cor pulmonale

Answer 14

R cardiac catheterization

Question 15

If a pneumothorax is large it can cause

Answer 15

Shift in position of the mediastinum

Question 16

First imaging study to confirm pneumothorax

Answer 16

Chest x-ray

Question 17

Pulmonary edema often occurs when the (R/L) ventricle is unable to adequately pump blood

Answer 17

L ventricle

Question 18

With noncardiac pulmonary edema, what causes the fluid buildup?

Answer 18

Increased capillary permeability

Question 19

Test used for PE

Answer 19

V/Q scan (ventilation/perfusion)

Nuclear imaging of inhaled and infective radioactive substances to visualize air and blood flow through the lungs and ID blockages

Question 20

Respiratory acidosis: Hypoventilation prevents adequate removal of CO2 from body causing

Answer 20

Hypercapnia

Question 21

As a result of acidosis and hypercapnia, what happens to bicarbonate levels in respiratory acidosis?

Answer 21

Decreased bicarbonate

Question 22

With respiratory alkalosis, hyperventilation removes more CO2 from the body than can be produced causing

Answer 22

Hypocapnia

Question 23

As a result of hypocapnia, what happens to hydrogen ions?

Answer 23

Decreased H+ ions » alkalosis

Question 24

Sarcoidosis is thought to be the result of

Answer 24

Abnormal immune response to a foreign substance

Question 25

Sarcoidosis is characterized by

Answer 25

Growth of small, abnormal collections of inflammatory cells, known as granulomas, within the body’s organs

Question 26

Sarcoidosis typically affects any of the body’s organs, but most commonly affects the

Answer 26

Lungs

Question 27

These tests may indicate sarcoidosis

Answer 27

Chest x-ray
Biopsy

Diagnosis of elimination

Question 28

Lab tests to confirm respiratory acidosis/alkalosis

Answer 28

ABG
serum electrolytes
Urine pH