Psychosocial - LO1 Beliefs about health and illness Flashcards
Define - health
Complete physical, mental and social well being and not merely an absense of disease or infirmity
- subjective of how a patient percieved themselves and their health
world health organisation (1948)
What effects a persons perception of their health?
5
- goals
- values
- culture
- experience
- expectations
How would a person decide they had an illness?
- symptoms percieved, evaluated and acted on
- social sitiation or cultural differences - diviation from norm
- perception of severity - using knowledge of past experience
- compare to norms of group
- explore possible explanations (google it)
What proportion of young peopler seek help and how long do they seek help after symptoms arise?
- 90% young people seek help
- 48% within 2 weeks
found no corrolation between gender, ethnicity, social deprivation index
chort study, cancer diagnosis, brightlight study
What proportion of young peopler seek help and how long do they seek help after symptoms arise?
- 90% young people seek help
- 48% within 2 weeks
found no corrolation between gender, ethnicity, social deprivation index
chort study, cancer diagnosis, brightlight study
What positives can getting a diagnosis do?
- reassure
- give an reason for symptoms
- validate
- legitimise behaviours to others
- expectations of treatment
What are some negatives of being diagnosed?
- labelling
- stigmatising
- impacting sense of who we are - questioning self identity
- there is an expectation of treatment even if incurable
- no clear explanation for cause of illness
- no definate idea of future
- medically unexplained symptoms - no diagnosis
what can illness cognitions provide?
frame owrk for coping and understanding illness - leventhal et al.
What 5 cognitive dimensions of illness belief did leventhal el al. investigate? (1980, 1997)
self - regulatory model
- identity (label)
- percieved cause of illness
- timeline
- consequences
- curability and controllability
describe Leventhal et al.’s self - regulatory model of illness cognitions
- stage 1 - interpretaion (symptom perception, social message)
- stage 2 - coping (approach and avoidance)
- stage 3 - appraisal (effectiviness of coping stratagy)
all stages feed into:
* represation of health (5 cognition dimensions)
* emotional response to health threat (fear, anxiety and depression)
What is the purpose of leventhal et al. self-regulatory model?
- understanding individual difference in reponse to illness
- normal healt is disrupted and model motivating return to balance back to normal
Define - locus of control
- Rotter (1966)
- degree to which people percieve themselves to be in control of the situation
What are Rotters two sections of the locus of control?
- internal - in control of events - personally responsible
- external - uncontrollable - eg. luck
Who developed Rotters locus of control for health care?
- Wallston and Collegues (1991, 1994)
- evaluating individual belief of control
- saying internal LoC likely to engage in enhancing behaviours
What three dimensions did wallston and collegues decide about locus of control?
- internal health - high health protective behaviours
- external health - external forces - luck and fate
- powerful others - state determined action of others like healthcare professional
