Psychosocial - health behaviours: making change Flashcards
Define self-management
Management by oneself of oneself or one’s affairs – about finding the self-control and mastery needed to take control of one’s work – can be affected internal or external e.g. Environmental factors effecting
What factors effect self-management?
- Identity (stigma and negative emotions)
- Socio-economic conditions
- Enabling environment
- Network support
What studies give health behavioural assumptions?
- People can change and are capable of taking an active role in improving their health
- Adopt health enhancing and avoid health compromising behaviours
What are the two divisons of the stage model of behaviour enactment?
- motivational phase
- post0intentional phase
Explain motivational phase of stage model of behaviour enactment
- (evaluates advantaged and disadvantages of behaviours)
- provide information, education and understanding beliefs underpinning attitudes towards behaviour
Explain the post-intentional phase of the stage model of behaviour enactment
- individual decided to take part in the behaviour
- involving developing a plan or strategy to enact behaviour
- educate, inform, overcome practicalities of starting, form plan, set goals and give social support
State the phases of the stages of change model (transtheoretical model)
- Pre contemplation – no intent to make change
- Contemplation – consider change – motivated when aware of need, experience discomfort, sense of purpose and feel powerful and in control – due to self-efficacy
- Preparation – small changes
- Action – actively engaging in new behaviour – recognise pattern of behaviour, cues (reminders), activate reinforcers, support networks
- Maintenance – sustaining behaviour over time
- Relapse – targets too high, rewards not high enough
What are some criticisms of the stages of change model?
- Intentions not always clearly formulated
- Focus on conscious processes (pros and cons)
- Labelled at certain stages
- Certain order of stages to do through
- Most useful for a clear-cut change or specific action like giving up smoking – not complex
What does the health belief model demonstrate?
How to take action to protect ones health
State two componenets of health belief model
- threat perception
- behavioural evaluation
Explain threat perceptions as a components of the health belief model
- degree which the person percieved the behaviour as a personal health threat
- percieved suceptibility to the illness and percieved severity
Explain behavipural evaluation as a component of the health belief model
- perception that the particular practice will be effective in reducin the threat
- benefits and barriers
- cues to action –
- individual starts to hold appropriate beliefs about the health behaviour
What are some limitations of social cognitive models
- assume behaviours are based on rational decisions making process not accounting for
1. unconciousness
2. learned behaviours
3. emotion as a motivator
4. irrationality
5. need for help
Whats the impact of social networks through social support and oscial participation?
- social and emotional support – protect mainatence of health
- increasing social interaction – number of people relied on reduces levels of distress
- improved interpersonal relationships and participlation in social activities improve persons health and well being
- imitation and conformity – against good behaviours – what we see as normal and habitual
State the three degress of seperation
- materials - objects
- meaning - – understanding of significance of practice – past experience
- Competence – understanding of situation
