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Medical Transcription > Psychiatry > Flashcards

Psychiatry Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

hypersomnolent

A

excessive sleepiness; common experience for chronic sleep deprivation. Related to insufficient or interupted sleep.

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2
Q

Epworth score

A

A scale used to designate sleepiness from 0-15.
0-7: unlikely that you are abnormally sleepy
8-9: You have average amount of daytime sleepiness
10-15: Moderate-excessive symptoms. You may need to consider medical attention.

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3
Q

glycoproteins

A

Type of oligosaccharide chains; can attach to lipids or amino acids.
Involved in the immune systen where they allow white blood cells to move around the body, initiate immune response, and ID other cells. Also involved in mucus production.

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4
Q

comorbid

A

the existence of more than one disease or condition within the body at the same time

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5
Q

CES-D Scoring

A

Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale; used for determining severity of depression
Response values are from 0-3
Ranges from 0-60 with higher scores indicating more symptomatology

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6
Q

Beck Depression Inventory

A

A 21 question multiple choice self-report psychometric test.
A scale from 0-63 indicating depressive symptoms in a person. Higher total score indicates more depressive severity.

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7
Q

anhedonia

A

the loss of ability to feel pleasure; common symptom of depressive disorders and substance use. May be caused by decrease in activiation of region of the brain involved in reward and motivation; the ventral striatum

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8
Q

Adult Self-Report Scale (ASRS)

A

an 18 item self-report questionnaire designed to assess ADHD in adults 18+.

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9
Q

ADHD Adult Quality of life questionnaire

A

29 item self-report measure of functioning in a variety of life domains and adult roles. Items are rated on a 5 pt scale and transformed to a 0-100 scale, with higher scores = higher quality of life
Includes 4 domains; Life productivity, Psychological Health, Relationships, Life Outlook.

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10
Q

QT interval

A

a prolonged QT interval is an irregular heart rhythm; due to disturbance in ventricular signalling. Takes longer for the heart to recharge b/t beats.
Values of QT can be higher in patients with anxiety disorders.

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11
Q

psychotherapy

A

type of treatment that can help individuals experiencing mental health conditions and emotional challenges.
Useful in changing cognition.
CBT is popular.

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12
Q

psychomotor

A

relating to origination of movement in conscious mental activity

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13
Q

paranoia

A

intense anxious or fearful feelings and thoughts often related to presecution, threat, or conspiracy. Can occur with mental health condxn but most often w/ psychotic disorders.

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14
Q

neuropsychopharmacology

A

interdisciplinary science related to psychopharmacology.
Study of neural mechanisms that drugs act upon to influence or change behaviour.

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15
Q

Folstein Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE)

A

(1975) 30 question assessment of cognitive fxn that evaluates attention and orientation, memory, registration, recall, calculation, language and ability to draw a complex polygon.
25 or higher is normal
Below 24 indicates possible cognitive impairment

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16
Q

milieu therapy

A

safe, structured group treatment mehtod for mental health issues.
Uses everyday activities and a conditioned environment to help people with interaction in community settings.
eg; a childs centre with childlike themes

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17
Q

Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-III ( MCMI-III )

A

self-reporting instrument for assessing DSM-IV TR related personality disorders and clinical syndromes

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18
Q

Millon Adolescent Clinic Inventory ( MACI )

A

Self-reporting instrument for assessing an adolescent’s personality pattern along w/ self-reported concerns and clinical syndromes

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19
Q

Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 ( MMPI-2)

A

widely used test for adults designed to assess a number of the major patterns of personality and emotional disorders

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20
Q

Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-Adolescent ( MMPI-A)

A

empirically based measure of adolescent psychotherapy derived from the original MMPI test which evaluates similar problems

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21
Q

Sixteen Personality Factors Questionnaire ( 16PF )

A

measures 16 primary personality factors and 5 global factors that are more gender-neutral, culture-neutral, and race-neutral than previous versions

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22
Q

> Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS-III) /
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - Third Editiion (WISC) /
Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence - Revised ( WPPSI-R)

A

evaluating the intellectual ability of adults and children respectively, and children from approx ages 3-7 years old

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23
Q

Bender-Gestalt

A

graphomotor test of an individual’s ability to copy figures; helps detect deficiencies in perception, movement, or coordination

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24
Q

Luria-Nebraska Neuropsychological Battery

A

comprehensive assessment of corically mediated fxns, including; sensory motor, language, calculation, memory, and concept formation skills

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25
Q

Montreal Cognitive Assessment ( MoCA)

A

cognitive screen test used to detect thinking or memory issues linked to mild cognitive impairment and/or mild neurocognitive disorders

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26
Q

Wechsler Memory Scale - Revised (WMS-R)

A

Assesses memory for verbal and figure stimuli, meaningful and abstract material, and delayed as well as immediate recall

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27
Q

Draw a Person Test

A

scoring system to meet the need for modernized, recently normed, and objective evaluation applied to human figure drawings produced by kids and acolescents

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28
Q

Rorschach Technique

A

test in which a pt’s description of a series of inkblots can be used to evaluate personality structure for clinical assessment and diagnosis

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29
Q

Thematic Apperception Test ( TAT )

A

Test that uses ambiguous pictures to stimulate stories, which enable a therapist to evaluate personality structure and reveal some of the dominant drives, emotions, sentiments, and conflicts of a personality

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30
Q

agoraphobia

A

overwhelming symptoms of anxiety that occur when leaving home; form of social phobia

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31
Q

anhedonia

A

absence of pleasure from the performance of acts that would normally be pleasurable

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32
Q

anorexia nervosa

A

eating disorder of excessive dieting and refusal to maintain a normal body weight

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32
Q

antipsychotic medication

A

medication that reduces excitement and controls hostile, aggressive behaviour in schizophrenic pts

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33
Q

autism

A

severe lack of responsiveness to others, preoccupation with inner thoughts, withdrawal and retarded language development

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34
Q

behaviour therapy

A

conditioning used to relieve anxiety and improve symptoms of illness
changing behavior patterns by training and repetition

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35
Q

bipolar disorder

A

manic-depressive illness; extreme and unpredictable mood swings from emotional highs to emotional lows (euphoria to despair)

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36
Q

brief therapy

A

short-tern therapy that focuses on a specific, observable problem with a goal of developing a skill to solve it

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37
Q

cognitive therapy

A

focuses on helping a patient reconstruct faulty thinking instead of emotions

38
Q

conversion

A

anxiety becomes a bodily symptom such as blindness, deafness, or paralysis, none of which have an organic basis

39
Q

delirium

A

condition characterized by a disturbance of consciousness and a change in cognition that develops over a short period of time

40
Q

depressive disorder

A

mood disorder; mild-to-severe symptoms affects sleep, appetite, concentration, interest in life. May be endogenous, situational, or seasonal.

41
Q

disruptive behavior disorder

A

characterized by behavior that violates basic rights of others and includes negative, hostile, and age-inappropriate

42
Q

dissociation

A

separation of group of mental processes of ideas from the rest of the personality so that they lead an independent existence, as in cases of multiple personality

43
Q

dysphoria

A

sadness, hopelessness, depressive mood

44
Q

dysthymia

A

chronically depressed mood present for more than 50% of the time over the last 2 years in adults or 1 for children/adolescents

45
Q

electroconvulsive therapy

A

therapeutic techniques used for major depressive episodes that have been unresponsive to medications

46
Q

free association

A

psychoanalytic technique in which the pt verbalizes without censorship, passing contents of his or her mind

47
Q

fugue

A

amnesia with flight from customary surroundings

48
Q

geriatric psychiatry

A

subspeciality that deals with prevention, evaluation, diagnosis, and treatment of cognitive impairment and mental emotional disorders that occur later in life

49
Q

group therapy

A

group of pts with similar problems gain insight into their personalities through discussion and interaction together

50
Q

habituation

A

process of becoming accustomed to a stimulus as a result of frequent exposure of use

51
Q

hypnosis

A

trance; state of altered consciousness; used to increase the pace of psychotherapy

52
Q

id

A

the major unconscious part of the personality; energy from instinctual drives and desires

53
Q

impulse control disorder

A

disorder characterized by the failure to resist an impulse, drive, or temptation to perform an act that is harmful to the person or others

54
Q

labile

A

unstable; undergoing rapid emotional change

55
Q

lithium

A

substance used to treat manic stage of manic-depressive illness

56
Q

mental disorder

A

clinically significant behavior associated with distress, disability, increased risk of suffering pain, death, disability, or loss of freedom

57
Q

mental retardation

A

below normal intelligence fxning caused by either internal or external factors

58
Q

motor skills disorder

A

disorder characterized by motor coordination that is substantially below that expected for a person of a given age and intellectual level

59
Q

paraphilia

A

disorder characterized by recurrent, intense sexual urges, fantasies, or behaviors including unusual objects, acitivites, or situation

60
Q

pavor nocturnus

A

night terror during sleep in children and the aged

61
Q

pervasive development disorder

A

syndrome that begins in infancy and applies to a child who is unresponsive to other people, including parents

62
Q

phenothiazines

A

tranquilizers used to treat psychoses

63
Q

pica

A

eating disorder manifested by craving to ingest any material not considered food; starch, clay, ash, toys, crayons, cotton, twigs, wood, cigarette butts, soap, paper, metal, etc

64
Q

play therapy

A

rx in which child, through use of toys and playroom setting, expresses conflicts and feelings unable to be communicated in direct manner

65
Q

projective test

A

uses abstract of unstructured stimuli to determine underlying personality traits

66
Q

psychoanalysis

A

therapy that attempts to make pts aware of unconscious conflicts that are the root of their illness

67
Q

psychodrama

A

group therapy in which pt expresses feeling by acting out roles with other patients

68
Q

psychosis

A

impairment of mental capacity to recognize reality, communicate, and relate to others

69
Q

reality testing

A

ability to perceive fact from fantasy; severely impaired psychoses

70
Q

repression

A

defense mechanism in which unacceptable thoughts, feelings, and impulses and pushed into the unconcscious

71
Q

somatoform disorder

A

suggests general medical condition, but no such condition fully accounts for the physical symptoms

72
Q

sundowning

A

confusion or disorientation that increases in the afternoon or evening

73
Q

superego

A

internalized conscience and moral part of the personality

74
Q

transference

A

psychoanalytic process in which the pt relates to the therapist as they had to a prominent childhood figuret

75
Q

anticonvulsant drug level

A

blood test measuring amount of antiepileptic medication in a pt’s blood stream; used in rx of certain behavioral health disoders

76
Q

CSF cerebrospinal fluid analysis

A

diagnostic evaluation of specimen removed from spinal canal to rule out organic causes of psychiatric illness

77
Q

fasting blood sugar FBS

A

blood level used to monitor for metabolic syndrone; can result from use of pschotropic meds

78
Q

therapeutic blood level

A

check levels od medication in system (such as lithium); monitored in rx of certain disorders

79
Q

toxicology screen ( tox screen )

A

blood test panel looking for substances in the system such as alcohol, amphetamines, etc

80
Q

U-tox or Utox/urine test for drugs

A

urine samples taken looking for alcohol, amphetamines, etc

81
Q

brain biopsy

A

surgical removal of brain tissue specimen for histologic study
Can confirm Alzheimer disease or other disorders to rule out organic cause for mental illness

82
Q

BSI Brief Symptom Inventory

A

questionnaire-based survery performed as a screen for psychiatric pts to see how they are responding to a rx

83
Q

cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)

A

therapeutic approach combining cognitive therapy with behavioral therapy
Focused on changing behaviors or reactions as thoughts occur, thereby changing the outcome

84
Q

electroencephalogram (EEG)

A

electrode brain wave testing to determine if anything abnormal is occurring within the brain to cause personality changes (such as epilepsy or brain lesions)

85
Q

General Practitioner Assessment of Cognition (GPCOG)

A

primary care provider screening exam consisting of nine points to test cognitive function; assesses temporal and spatial orientation and is used to diagnose dementia

86
Q

Mini-Cog

A

simple screening test for dementia, based on id of objects, clock drawing, and recall of objects previously ID’d

87
Q

Oswestry Disability Index ODI

A

fxnal low back pain assessment tool based on a self-administered questionnaire

88
Q

(SRRS) Social Readjustment Rating Scale (Holmes and Rahe Stress Scale)

A

scale to measure the amount of stress in a person’s life based upon stress-inducing events in the person’s life; used to correlate with symptoms or signs of illness

89
Q

systematic desensitization

A

known as graduated exposure therapy; a behavioral method used to treat most phobias, fears, and anxiety disorders

90
Q

delirium tremens

A

most severe form of ethanol withdrawal, manifested by altered mental status (global confusion) and sympathetic overdrive which can progress to cardiovascular collapse

91
Q

CAGE assessment

A

4 question screening tool that clinicians use in diagnosis of alcoholism.
Cutting Down
Annoyance by criticism
Guilty Feeling
Eye-openers

92
Q
A

Medical Transcription (31 decks)

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