Pharmaceuticals deck 2 Flashcards
amiloride (Midamor)
potassium sparing diuretic. Prevents body from absorbing too much salt and treats hypokalemia in people with high BP or congestive heart failure
divalproex sodium (Depakote)
fatty acid derivative anticonvulsant; used to treat various seizure disorders. Also for migraines and treating adults with bipolar dysfxn
oxybutynin (Ditropan XL)
urinary antispasmodic; reduces muscle scpasms of the bladder and urinary tract
ethosuximide (Zarontin)
succinimide anticonvulsant; used to treat absence seizures/petit mal seizures in adults and children
finasteride
5-aplha reductaseinhibitor; treats benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) by blocking bodys produxn of male hormone causing enlargement. Blocks male pattern hair loss.
gemfibrozil (Lopid)
fibric acid derivative; reduces cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood. Treated with diet for high cholesterol/tris in people with pancreatitis
haloperidol (Haldol)
antipsychotic agent used to treat schizophrenia and for controlling motor speech and tics in Tourette’s patients
irbesartan (Avapro)
angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB). Relaxes blood vessels and lower BP, increasing supply of blood and O2 to heart
lamotrigine (Lamictal)
triazine anticonvulsant; used to treat seizures and delay mood episodes with bipolar/manic depression.
ethinyl estradiol and norgetrel (Lo/Ovral-28)
prevents ovulation and changes cervical mucus and uterine lining, making it harder for sperm to reach the uterus and for fertilized eggs to attach to uterus.
procainamide
group I antiarrhythmic; used to treat abnormal heartbeats
glycopyrrolate (Robinul)
anticholinergic; controls conditions such as peptic ulcers that involve excessive stomach acid production. Also reduces drooling in 3-16 with cerebral palsy.
scopolamine (Maldemar)
anticholinergic antiemetic; reduces secretions of organs such as the stomach and intestines. Decreases nerve signals that trigger vomiting. Reduces nausea and vom cause by motion sickness or anesthesia from surgery
albuterol inhaler (ProAir HFA)
bronchodilator used to treat bronchospasm.
pemetrexed (Alimta)
antimetabolite; treats certain type of lung cancer that has returned or spread to other parts of the body
paroxetine (Paxil)
SSRI antidepressent or panic disorder, OCD, anxiety, PTSD
ofloxacin ophthalmic (Ocuflox)
antibiotic that fights bacteria in the eyes. Also treats ulcer in the cornea.
Zosyn
combination product piperacillin and tazobactam, for patients with mod-severe infections
oxandrolone / Oxandrin
androgenic hormone used to treat muscle loss from prolonged corticosteroid treatment and bone pain associated with osteoporosis
lo-Ovral 2
combination hormone medicine as an oral contraceptive.
gemfibrozil / Lopid
reduces triglycerides in patients with high triglyceride serum levels. Decreases risk of developing coronary heart disease.
levothyroxine / Levoxyl / Synthroid
thyroid medicine that replaces hormone to regulate body’s energy and metabolism,
verapamil / Verelan
calcium channel blocker; high blood pressure, angina, supraventricular tachycardia.
zoledronic acid / Reclast
IV medication infusion given through veins by healthcare provider. Treats osteoporosis.
propofol
injection sedative to help relax or sleep before and during surgery/other medical procedures.
ranitidine / Zantac
treats peptic ulcers, GERD, etc
alendronate / Fosamax
bisphosphonate used to treat osteoporosis and Paget’s disease of bone
buspirone HCL
indicated for management or short-term relief of symptoms of anxiety
atropine / AtroPen
antispasmodic; used to reduce saliva, mucus, and other secretions in airway during surgery.
cladribine / Mavenclad
antimetabolite; treats relapsing multiple sclerosis in adults.
lactulose / Generlac / Constulose
laxative; treats chronic constipation. Can also treat conditions of brain caused by liver failure.
nortriptyline / Pamelor / Aventyl HCL
tricyclic antidepressant; used to treat depression as well as nerve pain.
tamsulosin / Flomax
treats symptomatic BPH and chronic prostatitis to help with kidney stone passage. Relaxes muscles in prostate and bladder.
Dyazide
hydrochlorothiazide and triamterene combo; helps body from absorbing too much salt, and triamterene is a potassium sparing diuretic. Treats edema and high BP
demeclocycline / Declomycin
tetracycline antibiotic; treats bacterial infections including uti, lung, intestinal, acne, gonorrhea, chlamydia, etc.
methylprednisolone/Solu-Medrol
steroid that prevents release of substances in the body that cause inflammation
beta hydroxybutyrate BHB
chemical made by the liver; provides energy when not enough carbs or sugar have been eaten.
letrozole / Femara
aromatase inhibitor; lowers estrogen in postmenopausal women which may slow growth of breast tumors
loxapine / Loxitane
antipsychotic agent; used to treat schizophrenia
benztropine / Cogentin
anticholinergic antiparkinson agent; treats parkinson’s symptoms such as stiffness and tremors
rizatriptan / Maxalt
SSRI; narrows blood vessels in brain; treatment of migraine headaches
prazosin / Minipress
antiadrenergic agent; used to treat high blood pressure.
pemetrexed / Alimta / Pemfexy
antimetabolite; used to treat certain type of lung cancer that has returned or become metastatic
bortezomib / Velcade
Proteasome inhibitor; antineoplastic. Used to treat multiple myeloma and mantle cell lymphoma.
VMP treatment
bortezomib, melphalan, and prednisolone. A combination cancer drug for treating myeloma.
rifampin / Rifadin / Rimactane
antibiotic used to treat or prevent tuberculosis
Vytorin
combination of ezetimibe and simvastatin. Reduces amount of cholesterol absorbed by the body.
trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole // Bactrim
antibiotic combination drug
meropenem / Merrem
injection used to treat infections caused by bacteria. Kills bacteria or prevents growth; meningitis, sepsis, penumonia, anthrax, etc
erythromycin
macrolide antibiotics; slows growth of or kills sensitive bacteria by reducing proteins needed for bacteria to survive
dipenhydramine / Allermax / Benadryl
antihsitamine reducing natural effects on body; relieve sneezing, itching, watery eyes, runny nose
diclofenac / Cambia / Voltaren
NSAID that reduces substances that cause pain and inflamation. Treats various arthritis.
colchicine / Colcrys
affects how body repsonse to uric acid crystals; reduces swelling and pain, gout, etc
cefuroxime / Ceftin / Zinacef
cephalosporin antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections of the ear, nose, throat, lungs, skin, bones, joint, bladder, kidneys. Can also treat gonorrhead, sepsis, early Lyme disease. Sometimes given postop to prevent infection
meloxicam / Mobic
NSAID used to relieve arthritis symptoms
ziprasidone / Geodon
atypical antipsychotic; schizophrenia and bipolar. Oral or IM injection. Antagonizes H1 receptors; can cause somnolence
cefuroxime / Zinacef
2nd gen cephalosporin antibiotic; penumonia, meningitis, otitis media, sepsis, UTI, Lyme
solifenacin / Vesicare
treats overactive bladder and neurogenic detrusor overactivity. May help with incontinency, frequency, urgency.
temazepam / Restoril
benzodiazepine; affects chemicals in brain to assist with insomnia. Slows down the CNS
Parachoc
Laxative; gentle stool softener with liquid paraffin for lubrication for passage
colchicine // Colcrys, Mitigare, Gloperba
antigout agent; responds way the body response to uric acid crystals and reduces swelling and pain. (0.6 mg)
propanolol // Inderal
antiarrhythmic; beta-blocker. Used to treat tremors, angine, hypertension, migraines, etc.
donepezil // Aricept
cholinesterase inhibitor; improves function of nerve cells in the brain. Prevents breakdown for acetylcholine; common to dementia.
alprazolam // Xanax
benzodiazepine; enhances activity of neurotransmitters in the brain. Treats anxiety, panic disorders, anxiety by depression.
tacrolimus // Astagraf, Hecoria, Prograf
Calcineurin inhibitor; used to weaken the immune system and prevent body from rejecting the transplanted organ. (0.5 - 5mg)
pantoprazole // Protonix
proton pump inhibitor decreases amount of acid produced in stomach. Treats erosive esophagitis caused by GERD.
Ziac // hydrochlorothiazide+bisoprolol
combination diuretic and beta-blocker. Used to treat high blood pressure. 2.5/6.25 up to 10/6.25
Augmentin // amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium
Beta-lactamase inhibitor; penicillin antibiotic, and clavpot helps prevent bacteria from becoming resistant to amoxicillin.
Ecotrin // aspirin
salicylate used to treat pain, reduce fever or inflamm. Prevents heart attacks, stroke, angina.
cefuroxime // Ceftin
2nd gen cephalosporin; antibiotic used to treat infections of ENT, lungs, skin, bones, etc. Treats gonorrhea, meningitis, sepsis, early Lyme.
rizatriptan // Maxalt
headache medicine that narrows blood vessels around the brain; reduces substances that trigger headache, nausea, photophobia, and sound sensitivity
topiramate // Topamax, Eprontia
seizure medication/anticonvulsant. (15-50 mg)
Cellugel // hypromellose
Ophthalmic lubricant/irrigation. Used to treat dry eyes and aid in surgery.
Niferex
iron product containing ascorbic acid.
vancomycin
oral antibiotic; fights infection from C. difficile which can cause diarrhea. Treats staph infections.
epoetin alfa // Epogen
man-made form of protein that helps the body produce red blood cells which can be reduced due to kidney failure or medications. Treats anemia or chronic kidney disease.
metoclopramide // Reglan
GI stimulant - increases muscle contractions in the upper digestive tract. Speeds rate at which stomach empties into intestines; helps with nausea.
tolbutamide / Tolinase
oral antidiabetic used with diet and exercise to treat type 2 diabetes.
