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Medical Transcription > Pharmaceuticals deck 2 > Flashcards

Pharmaceuticals deck 2 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

amiloride (Midamor)

A

potassium sparing diuretic. Prevents body from absorbing too much salt and treats hypokalemia in people with high BP or congestive heart failure

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2
Q

divalproex sodium (Depakote)

A

fatty acid derivative anticonvulsant; used to treat various seizure disorders. Also for migraines and treating adults with bipolar dysfxn

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3
Q

oxybutynin (Ditropan XL)

A

urinary antispasmodic; reduces muscle scpasms of the bladder and urinary tract

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4
Q

ethosuximide (Zarontin)

A

succinimide anticonvulsant; used to treat absence seizures/petit mal seizures in adults and children

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5
Q

finasteride

A

5-aplha reductaseinhibitor; treats benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) by blocking bodys produxn of male hormone causing enlargement. Blocks male pattern hair loss.

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6
Q

gemfibrozil (Lopid)

A

fibric acid derivative; reduces cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood. Treated with diet for high cholesterol/tris in people with pancreatitis

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7
Q

haloperidol (Haldol)

A

antipsychotic agent used to treat schizophrenia and for controlling motor speech and tics in Tourette’s patients

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8
Q

irbesartan (Avapro)

A

angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB). Relaxes blood vessels and lower BP, increasing supply of blood and O2 to heart

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9
Q

lamotrigine (Lamictal)

A

triazine anticonvulsant; used to treat seizures and delay mood episodes with bipolar/manic depression.

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10
Q

ethinyl estradiol and norgetrel (Lo/Ovral-28)

A

prevents ovulation and changes cervical mucus and uterine lining, making it harder for sperm to reach the uterus and for fertilized eggs to attach to uterus.

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11
Q

procainamide

A

group I antiarrhythmic; used to treat abnormal heartbeats

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12
Q

glycopyrrolate (Robinul)

A

anticholinergic; controls conditions such as peptic ulcers that involve excessive stomach acid production. Also reduces drooling in 3-16 with cerebral palsy.

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13
Q

scopolamine (Maldemar)

A

anticholinergic antiemetic; reduces secretions of organs such as the stomach and intestines. Decreases nerve signals that trigger vomiting. Reduces nausea and vom cause by motion sickness or anesthesia from surgery

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14
Q

albuterol inhaler (ProAir HFA)

A

bronchodilator used to treat bronchospasm.

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15
Q

pemetrexed (Alimta)

A

antimetabolite; treats certain type of lung cancer that has returned or spread to other parts of the body

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16
Q

paroxetine (Paxil)

A

SSRI antidepressent or panic disorder, OCD, anxiety, PTSD

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17
Q

ofloxacin ophthalmic (Ocuflox)

A

antibiotic that fights bacteria in the eyes. Also treats ulcer in the cornea.

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18
Q

Zosyn

A

combination product piperacillin and tazobactam, for patients with mod-severe infections

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19
Q

oxandrolone / Oxandrin

A

androgenic hormone used to treat muscle loss from prolonged corticosteroid treatment and bone pain associated with osteoporosis

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20
Q

lo-Ovral 2

A

combination hormone medicine as an oral contraceptive.

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21
Q

gemfibrozil / Lopid

A

reduces triglycerides in patients with high triglyceride serum levels. Decreases risk of developing coronary heart disease.

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22
Q

levothyroxine / Levoxyl / Synthroid

A

thyroid medicine that replaces hormone to regulate body’s energy and metabolism,

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23
Q

verapamil / Verelan

A

calcium channel blocker; high blood pressure, angina, supraventricular tachycardia.

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24
Q

zoledronic acid / Reclast

A

IV medication infusion given through veins by healthcare provider. Treats osteoporosis.

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25
Q

propofol

A

injection sedative to help relax or sleep before and during surgery/other medical procedures.

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26
Q

ranitidine / Zantac

A

treats peptic ulcers, GERD, etc

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27
Q

alendronate / Fosamax

A

bisphosphonate used to treat osteoporosis and Paget’s disease of bone

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28
Q

buspirone HCL

A

indicated for management or short-term relief of symptoms of anxiety

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29
Q

atropine / AtroPen

A

antispasmodic; used to reduce saliva, mucus, and other secretions in airway during surgery.

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30
Q

cladribine / Mavenclad

A

antimetabolite; treats relapsing multiple sclerosis in adults.

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31
Q

lactulose / Generlac / Constulose

A

laxative; treats chronic constipation. Can also treat conditions of brain caused by liver failure.

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32
Q

nortriptyline / Pamelor / Aventyl HCL

A

tricyclic antidepressant; used to treat depression as well as nerve pain.

33
Q

tamsulosin / Flomax

A

treats symptomatic BPH and chronic prostatitis to help with kidney stone passage. Relaxes muscles in prostate and bladder.

34
Q

Dyazide

A

hydrochlorothiazide and triamterene combo; helps body from absorbing too much salt, and triamterene is a potassium sparing diuretic. Treats edema and high BP

35
Q

demeclocycline / Declomycin

A

tetracycline antibiotic; treats bacterial infections including uti, lung, intestinal, acne, gonorrhea, chlamydia, etc.

36
Q

methylprednisolone/Solu-Medrol

A

steroid that prevents release of substances in the body that cause inflammation

37
Q

beta hydroxybutyrate BHB

A

chemical made by the liver; provides energy when not enough carbs or sugar have been eaten.

38
Q

letrozole / Femara

A

aromatase inhibitor; lowers estrogen in postmenopausal women which may slow growth of breast tumors

39
Q

loxapine / Loxitane

A

antipsychotic agent; used to treat schizophrenia

40
Q

benztropine / Cogentin

A

anticholinergic antiparkinson agent; treats parkinson’s symptoms such as stiffness and tremors

41
Q

rizatriptan / Maxalt

A

SSRI; narrows blood vessels in brain; treatment of migraine headaches

42
Q

prazosin / Minipress

A

antiadrenergic agent; used to treat high blood pressure.

43
Q

pemetrexed / Alimta / Pemfexy

A

antimetabolite; used to treat certain type of lung cancer that has returned or become metastatic

44
Q

bortezomib / Velcade

A

Proteasome inhibitor; antineoplastic. Used to treat multiple myeloma and mantle cell lymphoma.

45
Q

VMP treatment

A

bortezomib, melphalan, and prednisolone. A combination cancer drug for treating myeloma.

46
Q

rifampin / Rifadin / Rimactane

A

antibiotic used to treat or prevent tuberculosis

47
Q

Vytorin

A

combination of ezetimibe and simvastatin. Reduces amount of cholesterol absorbed by the body.

48
Q

trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole // Bactrim

A

antibiotic combination drug

49
Q

meropenem / Merrem

A

injection used to treat infections caused by bacteria. Kills bacteria or prevents growth; meningitis, sepsis, penumonia, anthrax, etc

50
Q

erythromycin

A

macrolide antibiotics; slows growth of or kills sensitive bacteria by reducing proteins needed for bacteria to survive

51
Q

dipenhydramine / Allermax / Benadryl

A

antihsitamine reducing natural effects on body; relieve sneezing, itching, watery eyes, runny nose

52
Q

diclofenac / Cambia / Voltaren

A

NSAID that reduces substances that cause pain and inflamation. Treats various arthritis.

53
Q

colchicine / Colcrys

A

affects how body repsonse to uric acid crystals; reduces swelling and pain, gout, etc

54
Q

cefuroxime / Ceftin / Zinacef

A

cephalosporin antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections of the ear, nose, throat, lungs, skin, bones, joint, bladder, kidneys. Can also treat gonorrhead, sepsis, early Lyme disease. Sometimes given postop to prevent infection

55
Q

meloxicam / Mobic

A

NSAID used to relieve arthritis symptoms

56
Q

ziprasidone / Geodon

A

atypical antipsychotic; schizophrenia and bipolar. Oral or IM injection. Antagonizes H1 receptors; can cause somnolence

57
Q

cefuroxime / Zinacef

A

2nd gen cephalosporin antibiotic; penumonia, meningitis, otitis media, sepsis, UTI, Lyme

58
Q

solifenacin / Vesicare

A

treats overactive bladder and neurogenic detrusor overactivity. May help with incontinency, frequency, urgency.

59
Q

temazepam / Restoril

A

benzodiazepine; affects chemicals in brain to assist with insomnia. Slows down the CNS

60
Q

Parachoc

A

Laxative; gentle stool softener with liquid paraffin for lubrication for passage

61
Q

colchicine // Colcrys, Mitigare, Gloperba

A

antigout agent; responds way the body response to uric acid crystals and reduces swelling and pain. (0.6 mg)

62
Q

propanolol // Inderal

A

antiarrhythmic; beta-blocker. Used to treat tremors, angine, hypertension, migraines, etc.

63
Q

donepezil // Aricept

A

cholinesterase inhibitor; improves function of nerve cells in the brain. Prevents breakdown for acetylcholine; common to dementia.

64
Q

alprazolam // Xanax

A

benzodiazepine; enhances activity of neurotransmitters in the brain. Treats anxiety, panic disorders, anxiety by depression.

65
Q

tacrolimus // Astagraf, Hecoria, Prograf

A

Calcineurin inhibitor; used to weaken the immune system and prevent body from rejecting the transplanted organ. (0.5 - 5mg)

66
Q

pantoprazole // Protonix

A

proton pump inhibitor decreases amount of acid produced in stomach. Treats erosive esophagitis caused by GERD.

67
Q

Ziac // hydrochlorothiazide+bisoprolol

A

combination diuretic and beta-blocker. Used to treat high blood pressure. 2.5/6.25 up to 10/6.25

68
Q

Augmentin // amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium

A

Beta-lactamase inhibitor; penicillin antibiotic, and clavpot helps prevent bacteria from becoming resistant to amoxicillin.

69
Q

Ecotrin // aspirin

A

salicylate used to treat pain, reduce fever or inflamm. Prevents heart attacks, stroke, angina.

70
Q

cefuroxime // Ceftin

A

2nd gen cephalosporin; antibiotic used to treat infections of ENT, lungs, skin, bones, etc. Treats gonorrhea, meningitis, sepsis, early Lyme.

71
Q

rizatriptan // Maxalt

A

headache medicine that narrows blood vessels around the brain; reduces substances that trigger headache, nausea, photophobia, and sound sensitivity

72
Q

topiramate // Topamax, Eprontia

A

seizure medication/anticonvulsant. (15-50 mg)

73
Q

Cellugel // hypromellose

A

Ophthalmic lubricant/irrigation. Used to treat dry eyes and aid in surgery.

74
Q

Niferex

A

iron product containing ascorbic acid.

75
Q

vancomycin

A

oral antibiotic; fights infection from C. difficile which can cause diarrhea. Treats staph infections.

76
Q

epoetin alfa // Epogen

A

man-made form of protein that helps the body produce red blood cells which can be reduced due to kidney failure or medications. Treats anemia or chronic kidney disease.

77
Q

metoclopramide // Reglan

A

GI stimulant - increases muscle contractions in the upper digestive tract. Speeds rate at which stomach empties into intestines; helps with nausea.

78
Q

tolbutamide / Tolinase

A

oral antidiabetic used with diet and exercise to treat type 2 diabetes.

79
Q
A

Medical Transcription (31 decks)

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