psyc345 exam1b Flashcards
What are the two advantages of the statistical infrequency or violation of social norms definition of abnormal behavior?
Cutoff points and intuitive appeal.
What are the three disadvantages of the statistical infrequency or violation of social norms definition of abnormal behavior?
Choice of cutoff points, number of deviations, and cultural and developmental relativity.
What are the three ways to define abnormal behavior.
1)statistical infrequency or violation of social norms 2) subjective distress 3)disability, dysfunction, and impairment.
How do we define the disability, dysfunction, or impairment definition of abnormal behavior?
it must create some degree of social (interpersonal) or occupational (or educational) problems for the individual.
What is the advantage of the Dysfunction, or impairment definition of abnormal behavior?
it requires little inference.
What was the goal of the scientist practitioner model?
to be effective clinical psychologist one must have expertise in “thinking like a scientist”.
What is the goal of consultation and in teaching?
to increase the effectiveness of those to whom one’s efforts are directed by imparting to them some degree of expertise.
Name the 7 types of activities a clinical psychologist might do.
therapy/interventions, diagnosis/assessment, teaching, clinical supervision, research, consultation, and administration.
What is now the most frequent employment setting for clinical psychologist?
Private practice.
What is the second most common employment site for clinical psychologist?
University settings
what is the theoretical orientation break down?
29% Eclectic/integrative, 28% cognitive, 15% psychodynamic, and 10% behavioral.
What has happened to the percentage of psychodynamic clinicians over the years.
Their numbers have declined since the 60s from 35% down to 15%.
MMPI ?
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory
What was the first test that tried to say more than just what someone’s IQ is? Year?
MMPI 1943
Which era saw an explosion in IQ and personality test?
40s and 50s
Name an objective measures test.
MMPI
What is the approach to assessment in which test scores are interpreted using empirically based rules involving the contrast between an obtained score and the average score obtained from a large representative sample?
Nomothetic
When did radical behaviorism start to take hold?
1950s
Who claims that personality traits cannot be measured directly?
radical behaviorists.
dsm
What can be attributed to the resurgence of interest in the 80s and 90s in personality assessment?
the coverage of a variety of personality disorders in the DSM.
When was the first DSM published?
1952
An interview that consist of standard list of questions that are keyed to the diagnostic criteria for various disorders form the DSM is?
Structured diagnostic interviews
What kind of assessment would you use to evaluate relative strengths and deficits of patients based on empirically established brain behavior (test responses) relationships?
Neuropsychological
What are the two approaches used by contemporary neuropsychological assessment?
uniform group or battery, of test for all patients.
In the 1990s what caused more accountable and more efficient service delivery?
Managed health care
What cause psychologist to first start providing mental services?
The great need after World War 2 and the shortage of military doctors including psychiatrist.
Who offered the first major alternative to psychoanalytic therapy?
Carl Rogers in 1951 with his book Client Centered Therapy
Aaron Beck developed what would ultimately become on of the most effective psychological treatments for psychological problems what is it called?
Cognitive Therapy
What was cognitive therapy first used to treat?
Depression
What kind of clinicians employ the techniques of more than one theoretical orientation, basing their selection on the particular problems presented by the individual client or patient?
Eclectics
What type of treatment has offered a way to communicate standardized set of techniques that have been demonstrated to reduce symptoms when studied in carefully controlled research studies?
Manualized forms of treatment
