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Cognitive PSYC Vocab > PSYC 317 Exam 3 > Flashcards

PSYC 317 Exam 3 Flashcards

1
Q

ambiguous sentence

A

A sentence that has more than one meaning

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2
Q

Brocas aphasia

A

A language disorder attributed to damage in the frontal lobe of the brain

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3
Q

deep structure

A

The underlying meaning of a sentence

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4
Q

error recovery heuristic

A

A strategy for correcting comprehension errors eventrelated potential ERP

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5
Q

exchange error

A

An error in which two linguistic units are substituted for each other during sentence production

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6
Q

generative

A

The capability to produce many different messages by combining symbols in different ways

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7
Q

grammar

A

A set of rules for producing correct sentences in a language

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8
Q

highconstraint sentence

A

A sentence that produces a high expectation for a particular word

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9
Q

language

A

A collection of symbols and rules for combining symbols, which can express an infinite variety of messages

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10
Q

lexical decision task

A

A task that requires people to decide whether a string of letters is a word

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11
Q

lowconstraint sentence

A

A sentence that produces an expectation for a broader range of words

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12
Q

morpheme

A

The smallest unit of meaning in a language

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13
Q

morpheme exchange

A

An error in which two morphemes are substituted for each other during sentence production

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14
Q

phoneme exchange

A

An error in which two phonemes are substituted for each other during sentence production

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15
Q

phrase structure grammar

A

A set of rules for partitioning a sentence into its grammatical units

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16
Q

slip of the tongue

A

A speech error

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17
Q

structured

A

The organization imposed on a language by its grammatical rules

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18
Q

suppress

A

Eliminating inappropriate meanings in a sentence

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19
Q

surface structure

A

The structure of a spoken sentence

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20
Q

symbolic

A

The use of symbols, such as spoken or written words, to represent ideas

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21
Q

transformational grammar

A

A set of rules for transforming a sentence into a closely related sentence

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22
Q

Wernickes aphasia

A

A language disorder attributed to damage in the temporal lobe of the brain

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23
Q

word exchange

A

An error in which two words are substituted for each other during sentence production

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24
Q

working memory capacity

A

The amount of information that can be kept active in working memory

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25
causal relation
An event that results in the occurrence of another event
26
global coherence
Integration of major ideas that occur throughout a text
27
inference
The use of reasoning to establish relations in a text when the relations are not directly stated
28
local coherence
Integration of ideas within an immediate context in a text
29
mental model
A person s mental representation of a situation
30
obstacle
An event that delays or prevents the attainment of a goal
31
perspective
A particular point of view
32
plot
The sequence of events related to achieving goals in a narrative
33
proposition
A meaningful idea that typically consists of several words
34
readability
The number of recalled propositions divided by reading time
35
readability formula
A formula that uses variables such as word frequency and sentence length to predict the readability of text
36
reinstatement search
The search of long term memory to place words in short term memory where they can be used to integrate a text
37
resolution
The outcome of events in the plot
38
setting
The time and place in which narrative events occur
39
situation model
Integration of prior knowledge and text information to construct an understanding of the situation described in a text
40
theme
The main goals of characters in a narrative
41
algorithm
A set of rules that will solve a problem if correctly followed
42
anagram
A problem that requires rearranging a string of letters to form a word
43
analogical transfer
Use of the same solution in solving two problems
44
analogy
Solving a problem by using a solution to a related problem
45
analogy problem
A four term problem that requires finding the answer that completes the relation: A is to B as C is to D
46
arrangement problem
A problem that requires rearranging its parts to satisfy a specified criterion
47
functional fixedness
The tendency to use an object in a typical way
48
heuristic
A strategy that is often, but not always, helpful in solving problems
49
inducing structure problem
A problem that requires finding a pattern among a fixed set of relations
50
insight
The sudden discovery of a solution following unsuccessful attempts to solve a problem
51
means end analysis
A strategy that can be used to solve transformation problems by eliminating differences between the initial and goal states
52
measure of sufficiency
A demonstration that the instructions in a computer program are capable of solving a problem
53
operator
An action that is selected to solve problems
54
problem isomorphs
Problems that have different story contents but identical solutions
55
problem space
The set of choices evaluated at each step in solving a problem as determined by the problem solver
56
representational transfer
Use of the same format such as a matrix in solving two problems
57
search space
The set of choices at each step in solving the problem as determined by the problem
58
series extrapolation
A problem that requires finding a pattern among a sequence of items in order to continue the sequence in the same pattern
59
simulation program
A computer program that attempts to reproduce the operations used by people to carry out various tasks
60
subgoal
A goal that solves part of the problem
61
table of connections
A table that links differences between problem states with operators for eliminating those differences
62
transformation problem
A problem that requires changing the initial state through a sequence of operations until it matches the goal state
63
Venn diagram
A diagram that shows the set relations such as overlap among categories
64
verbal protocol
A record of verbalized thought processes

Cognitive PSYC Vocab (24 decks)

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