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PH151 > Protists > Flashcards

Protists Flashcards

1
Q

Eukaryotes under protists

A

Algae

Protozoa

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2
Q

Plant-like protist

A

Algae

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3
Q

Algae. Uni or Multi?

A

Both. Some colonial

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4
Q

Algae. Cell wall?

A

Thin and rigid

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5
Q

Most algae are pathogentic or not?

A

Non-pathogenic

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6
Q

Algae are found where?

A

Areas with light and moisture

Occurs in freshwater, salt water, and soil

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7
Q

Algae morpholgy

A

Flagella
Cell Wall
Plastids
Pigments

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8
Q

Bear photosynthetic pigments

A

Plastids

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9
Q

Site of CO2 fixation and starch formation

A

Pyrenoids

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10
Q

Parts for phototaxis

A

Eyespot

Stigma

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11
Q

Unicellular algae and a model system for photosynthesis

A

Chlamydomonas

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12
Q

Examples of algae pigments

A

Chlorophylls
Carotenoids
Phycobilins

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13
Q

Red phycobilin

A

Phycoerythrobilin

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14
Q

Orange phycobilin

A

Phycourobilin

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15
Q

Purple phycobilin

A

Phycoviolobilin

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16
Q

Blue phycobilin

A

Phycocyanobilin or

Phycobiliverdin

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17
Q

Algae reproduction

A

Both asexual and sexual

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18
Q

Examples of asexual

A

Binary fission

Fragmentation

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19
Q

Examples of sexual

A

Conjugation

  • isogamy
  • heterogamy
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20
Q

Algae importance

A

Primary producers - phytoplankton
Fertilizer
Commercial products - eg agar
Source of food/food supplements

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21
Q

Algae criteria for classification

A 
Principal pigments
Photosynthetic/storage products
Cell wall
Mode of motility
Mode of reproduction
Usual habitat
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22
Q

Know as the first animals

A

Protozoa

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23
Q

Eukaryotic; Unicellular
Lacks CW but with rigid CM
Motile
Heterotrophic

A

Protoza

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24
Q

Protozao distribution

A

Free-living

Symbiotic

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25
Q

Importance of protozoa

A

Role in economy of nature
- form large part of plankton
Tools in biochemical/molecular structure
Cause human/animal disease

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26
Q

Protozoa vegetative, feeding form

A

Trophozoite

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27
Q

Protozoa resting stage

A

Cyst

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28
Q

Protozoa morphology

A 
Cilia
Flagella
Psuedopodia (false feet)
Vacuoles
Shells
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29
Q

For water regulation

For digestion

A

Vacuoles

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30
Q

Plasma membrane where cilia are attached

A

Pellicle

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31
Q

Area inside ectoplasm that contains most of the organelles

A

Endoplasm

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32
Q

Semisolid/gelatinous cytoplasm that imparts rigidity to cell

A

Ectoplasm

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33
Q

Protozoa nuclei

A

Macronucleus

Micronucleus

34
Q

Controls normal metabolism of the cell

A

Macronucleus

35
Q

Function on sexual reproduction

A

Micronucleus

36
Q

Protozoa nutrition

A

Holozoic

Saprozoic

37
Q

Nutrition through phagocytosis (engulfing and digesting particles)

38
Q

Nutrition through absorbing particles

39
Q

Example of asexual reproduction or fission

A

Simple
Longitudinal
Transverse
Multiple

40
Q

Protozoa causing diseases

A 
Cutaneous leishmaniasis
Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis
Giardiasis
African sleeping sickness
Amoebiasis
41
Q

High level taxonomic group below domain and above kingdom

A

Supergroup

42
Q

Supergroups under protists

A 
Acheaplastida
Chromalveolata
Excavata
Amoebozoa
Ophistokonta
Rhizaria
43
Q

Red and green algae
Also includes lands plants
They have plastids

A

Archaeplastida

44
Q

Uncellular green algae with pyrenoid and eyespot

A

Chlamydomonas sp.

45
Q

Colonial green algae

A

Volvox sp.

46
Q

Multi cellular green algae

Aka “sea lettuce”

47
Q

Multicellular green algae

A

Spirogyra sp.

48
Q

Red algae examples

A 
Gelidium sp.
Gracilaria sp.
Erythrophyllum sp.
Microcladia sp.
Phorphyra sp.
49
Q

Brown and golden alagae, water molds, and the alveolates

Most have plastids

A

Chromalveolata

50
Q

Chromarveolata consists of

A

Stramenopiles

Alveolates

51
Q

Include brown algae, diatoms, golden brown algae, and water molds

A

Stramenopiles

52
Q

Include dinoflagellates, ciliates, and apicomplexans

A

Alveolates

53
Q

Brown algae examples

A

Fucus sp.
Sargassum sp.
Giant Kelps

54
Q

Have an outer layer of silica
They are algae
Important in earth’s carbon cycle

55
Q

Have an outer layer of silica

A

Golden brown algae

56
Q

Aka oomycetes “egg fungus”

Closely related to fungi

A

Water molds

57
Q

Can form harmful algal blooms called red tides

A

Dinoflagellates

58
Q

Examples of ciliates

A

Balantidum sp.
Paramecium sp.
Didinium sp.

59
Q

Nonmotile parasites that form spores

A

Apicomplexans

60
Q

Cause malaria through Anopheles mosquito

A

Plasmodium sp.

61
Q

Causes toxoplasmosis from eating udercookes meat, exposure from infected cat feces, or mother-child during pregnancy

A

Toxoplasma sp.

62
Q

Zooflagellates

Often with distinctive oral grooves

63
Q

Single celled motile protists

A

Euglenids
Parabasalids
Diplomonads
Kinetoplastids

64
Q

Photoautotrophic, flagellated cells with a pellicle instead of a cell wall

65
Q

Parasitic excavates

A

Kinetoplastids

66
Q

Causes Chagas diseases and African sleeping sickness

A

Trypanosoma sp.

67
Q

Causes leishmaniasis

A

Leishmania sp.

68
Q

Example of parabasalids

A

Trichomonas vaginalis

69
Q

Example of diplomonads

A

Giardia lamblia

70
Q

Protists that use pseudopods for motility and feeding

A

Amoebozoa

  • amoeboids
  • slime molds
71
Q

Move and feed by phagocytosis

72
Q

Freshwater amoeboids

A

Amoeba proteus

73
Q

Causes amoebiasis

A

Entamoeba histolytica

74
Q

Includes foraminiferans and radiolarians that have threadlike pseudopods and skeleton called tests (porous shells of forams)

75
Q

Form a deep layer of sediment on the ocean floor that can be used as index fossils

76
Q

Calcium carbonate shells

A

Foraminiferans

77
Q

Silica Shells

A

Radiolarians

78
Q

Includes animals, animal-like choanoflagellates, fungi, fungus like protists called nucleariids

A

Ophistokonta

79
Q

Animal-like protozoans that are near relatives of sponges

A

Choanoflagellates

80
Q

Closest group of organisms related to fungi

Unicellular, amoeboid protists with filose (thread like) pseudopodia

A

Nucleariids

PH151 (15 decks)

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