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PH151 > Fungi > Flashcards

Fungi Flashcards

1
Q

Examples of Fungi

A

Yeast (unicellular)
Molds (multi, filamentous)
Mushrooms (multi, filamentous)

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2
Q

Fungi. Eukaryotic or Prokaryotic?

A

Eukaryotic

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3
Q

Fungi. Unicellular or Multicellular?

A

Most are filamentous

Some are unicellular

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4
Q

Fungi cell walls

A

Rigid and contain chitin

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5
Q

Fungi reproduction

A

Both sexual and asexual

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6
Q

Fungi nutrition

A

All chemoheterotrophic
Typically saprozoic
Mainly saprobes or decomposers

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7
Q

Fungi environment

A

Free-living or

Form intimate relationships with other organisms

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8
Q

Fungal morphology

A

Thallus
Hypha
Mycelium

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9
Q

Body/soma of fungi

A

Thallus

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10
Q

Tubular filament exhibiting apical growth

A

Hypha

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11
Q

Mass of hyphae

A

Mycelium

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12
Q

Types of hyphae based on Septation

A

Septate hypa

Coenocytic hyphae

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13
Q

Septate hypha is composed of

A

Cell wall
Pore
Nuclei
Septum

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14
Q

Coenocytic hypha is composed of

A

Cell wall

Nuclei

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15
Q

Tupes of hypha based on function

A

Vegetative
Aerial
Reproductive

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16
Q

Hypha that obtains nutrients

A

Vegetative hypha

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17
Q

Projections above the surface of the medium

A

Aerial hyphae

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18
Q

An aerial hypha that bear reproductive spore

A

Reproductive hyphae

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19
Q

Modified hypha that extract nutrients from plants

A

Haustoria

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20
Q

Specialized branching hypha that exchange nutrients with their plant hosts

A

Arbuscles

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21
Q

Modified hypha forming hoops

A

Ring

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22
Q

Root-like structures

Hyphae that grow into bread, anchor the mycelium, and carry out digestion

A

Rhizoids

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23
Q

Hypha that connects two rhizoids

Horizontal hyphae that exist on the surface of the bread

24
Q

Fungal nutrition

A

Resistant to osmotic pressue
Grown on very low moisture content
Grow with less nitrogen
Capable of metabolizing complex carbohydrates such as lignin (component of wood)

25
Q

Association between fungi (mycobiont) and algae/cyanobacteria (photobiont)

26
Q

Importance of lichens

A

Air pollution indicator
Biodegration
Sources of dyes
Food

27
Q

Carbon compounds and fixes nitrogen into organic N compounds

A

Alga or Cyanobacterium

28
Q

Protection
Retention of water and minerals
Absorbed from airborne dust or rain
Secretion of acids

29
Q

Association between plant roots and fungi

A

Fungi - provide minerals

Plants - provide carbohydrates

30
Q

Fungal reproduction

A

Asexual

Sexual

31
Q

Haploid stage is multicellular and the diploid stage is a single cell, meiosis is “zygotic”

A

Haplontic Life Cycle

32
Q

Reproduction type that is more important for propagation of fungal species

33
Q

Methods of asexual reproduction

A

Fragmentation
Fission
Budding
Spores

34
Q

Hyphae break up into their component cells that behave as spores (arthrospores)

A

Fragmentation

35
Q

Simple splitting of a cell into 2 daughter cells by constriction and formation of a cell wall

36
Q

Production of a small outgrowth from a parent cell

37
Q

Most common asexual reproduction

Vary in color, size, shape, number, arrangement of cell and manner of which they are borne

38
Q

Examples of asexual spores

A

Sporangiospore

Conidia

39
Q

Borne within a sporangium

A

Sporangiospores

40
Q

Motile with flagella sporangiospores

41
Q

Non-motile sporangiospores

A

Aplanospores

42
Q

Exogenous

Free or naked spores

43
Q

Three phases of sexual reproduction

A

Plasmogamy
Karyogamy
Meisos

44
Q

Unions of 2 protoplasts

A

Plasmogamy

45
Q

Union of 2 nuclei

46
Q

Chromosomes reduced to haploid

47
Q

Different nuclei

A

Heterokaryon

48
Q

Sexual spores

A

Ascospores

Zygospores

49
Q

Importance of fungi

A

Soil Fertility

Recycle many important chemical elements

50
Q

Destructive role of fungi

A

Disintegration of organic matter
Spoilage of foods
Diseases (plants, animals, humans)

51
Q

Fungal phylum that are obligate intracellular parasites
Lack mitochondria, peroxisomes, and centrioles
Unicellular

A

Phylum Microsporidia

52
Q

Causes diarrhea and inflammation of gall bladder

A

Enterocytozoon bieneusi

53
Q

Simplest and most primitive fungal phylum

Unicellular or multicellular

A

Chytridiomycota (or Chytrids)

54
Q

Conjugated fungal phylum

Mainly saprophytes, few parasitic

A

Zygomycota

55
Q

Newly established fungal phylum which comprises about 230 species
Known as arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi
Do not form zygospores

A

Phylum Glomeromycota

56
Q

Know as sac fungi

Unicellular or multicellular

A

Phylum Ascomycota

57
Q

Known as club fungi
Basidia produce basidiospores in basidiocarp
Spores produced through sexual reproduction

A

Phylum Basidiomycota

PH151 (15 decks)

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