Proteins Flashcards
What category is protein
Macronutrient
Functions of protein
Growth, repair of the body , maintenance of the body
What is the amount of protein determined by
Age, weight, health
What percentage of calories should protein be
10-20%
1g if protein is … kcal
4kcal
What body chemicals goes proteins provide
Enzymes, hormones, antibodies ( immune system fight infections)
A protein chain is made up of what
Many Amino acids .Proteins are large structured molecules made up of amino acids.
The structure of the amino acids is determined by
The type of protein
How many amino acids are there
Over 20
What are essential amino acids and how many
Amino acids that must be provided for the diet as the body does not provide is (HBV) there are 9
What is High biological value ( HBV)
Animal protein sources that are essential amino acids as they provide all the amino acids that the body cannot make so must be eaten
What is Low biological value (LBV)
contain some but not all essential amino acids and are vegetable protein sources.
Examples of (LBV)
Nuts , beans, seeds, pulses
Examples of (HBV)
animal products
What are meat analogues
Meat alternatives
What factors does meat alternatives have
They have little flavour of their own but readily take up other flavours
high (HBV) protein content and are often low in fat
Examples of meat alternatives
Tempeh, soya bean flour, quorn, tofu
High biological foods
Contain all essential amino acids, high quality protein foods, found in dairy and animal products
Low biological foods
Called low quality protein foods, contain some amino acids, found in plant foods, seeds and veg
Protein complementary
By combining foods all nine essential amino acids can be met. Examples hummus + pitta, baked beans on whole meal bread
Over eating protein in the uk
Spare protein is stored as fat
Protein amount in the uk
Small amounts eaten ever meal. Between 45-55g ever day for adults.
Kwashiorkor in undeveloped countries
Protein deficiency in children , do not get nutritive protein.
Symptoms of kwashiorkor
Stop growing, cannot digest food, catch infections easily, oedema( fluid build up large stomach)
