Bread Flashcards
What is gluten made up from and how
When flour is added to water the two proteins gliadin and glutenin mix. The mixture is kneaded and worked.
Why is gluten needed in bread
It a provides a protein content need to make the bread and provides a stretch and the structure
What are the two proteins in bread
Gliadin and glutenin
Where is gliadin and glutenin befor being mixed
Already in the grain but only develops when the dough is kneaded
What is special about bread flour
It has a higher protien content
What is in gluten free bread
A blend of gluten free flours but less structure and quite solid
What does yeast need
Food, warmth, moisture, time to grow
What is yeast needed for
The dough to rise through fermentation, and flavour and smells
What kills yeast
High temperatures when cooking kills live yeast
What does yeast convert sugar and starch into.
Alcohol and carbon dioxide
What is fermentation
The process of converting sugar and starch to alcohol and co2 the alcohol is burned of
Principal ingredients in bread
Yeast, salt , flour, water
What does salt do in bread
In small amounts salt strengthens gluten and helps fermentation
The four key steps of bread making
Mixing, kneading, proving, baking
What is proving in bread
The process that co2 makes the dough rise and trap gas in air pockets, fermentation. Increasing in size befor being cooked
Baking in bread
The yeast is killed and the co2 expands. The water is absorbed and the structure is created. Starch granules gelatinise and coagulation.
What is coagulation
The setting of protein in the presense of heat
Bulk fermentation process
The process is mixing, kneading, proving, knocking back, shaping , second proving, baking traditional method
Chorleywood bread making
Mass produced bread for factories allowing bread to be made quickly
If the loaf turns out short and heavy what has gone wrong
Not proved enough, yeast not active
If the bread rises but collapsed in the oven
Wrong flour too low gluten content
Poor rise with open texture
Over proved
Maillard reaction
Chemical reaction between protein and carbohydrates
