Prokaryotic Profiles: The Bacteria and Archaea Part 3 (Endospores) Flashcards
What are endospores?
Extremely resistant, metabolically inactive, dormant structures
Are bacterial endospores alive?
Yes, but metabolically inactive
_______ _______ _______ cells can undergo sporulation when environmental conditions are not favorable
Metabolically active vegetative
Is sporulation a reproductive function for most bacteria?
No
Are clostridium sp able to tolerate oxygen?
No
What does mesophile mean?
A microorganism that likes our body temperature
What is the first step in the sporulation cycle?
Vegetative cell begins to be depleted of nutrients
What is the second step in the sporulation cycle?
Chromosome is duplicated and separated
What is the third step in the sporulation cycle?
Cell is separated into a sporangium and forespore
What is the fourth step in the sporulation cycle?
Sporangium engulfs forespore for further development
What is the fifth step in the sporulation cycle?
Sporangium begins to actively synthesize spore layers around forespore
What is the sixth step in the sporulation cycle?
Cortex and outer coat layers are deposited
What is the seventh step in the sporulation cycle?
Mature endospore
What is the eighth step in the sporulation cycle?
Free spore is released with the loss of sporangium
What is the ninth step in the sporulation cycle?
Germination: spore swells and releases vegetative cell
What are archaea?
Prokaryotic microorganisms
Where are many archaea found?
In extreme environments (extremophiles)
Archaea are different from members of the domains Bacteria and Eukarya in terms of…
Cell structure
Metabolism
Genetics
What is the cell membrane in archaea like?
Long-chain, branched hydrocarbons with esther linkages
There are approximately _____ species of fungi
100,000
Examples of macroscopic fungi
Mushrooms, puffballs, gill fungi
Examples of microscopic fungi
Molds, yeasts
Forms of fungi
Unicellular (yeast)
Colonial
Complex / multicellular (mushrooms, puff balls)
Protozoa comes from the greek name for..
“First animals”
Protozoa: ______ species of single-celled organisms
65,000
Most protozoa are…..
Harmless, free-living inhabitants of water and soil
A few species of parasites (protozoa) are responsible for…
Hundreds of millions of infections each year
Two classifications of helminths
Roundworms and flatworms
