Project Intergration

Question 1

How would you use a flowchart to represent the process of project planning in project management?
A. By using a single Start/End symbol to represent the entire process.
B. By using different symbols to represent different stages of the process, connected by arrows to show the flow of the process.
C. By using only Decision symbols to represent each stage of the process.

Answer 1

B: By using different symbols to represent different stages of the process, connected by arrows to show the flow of the process.

Question 2

What is the best description of a Flow Chart?

A. A diagram that represents a workflow or process, showing the steps as boxes of various kinds, their order by connecting them with arrows, decision points, parallel paths, and start/end points.

B. A graphical representation of data in the form of bars or lines.

C. A type of diagram that represents the organizational structure of a company.

D. A visual representation of a set of data where each value is represented by a circle. The size of each circle is proportional to the value of the data it represents.

Answer 2

A diagram that represents a workflow or process, showing the steps as boxes of various kinds, their order by connecting them with arrows, decision points, parallel paths, and start/end points.

Question 3

What is the best description of a Pareto Chart?

A. A type of chart that contains both bars and a line graph, where individual values are represented in descending order by bars, and the cumulative total is represented by the line.

B. A chart that represents a workflow or process, showing the steps as boxes of various kinds, their order by connecting them with arrows.

C. A graphical representation of data in the form of a pie or doughnut chart.

D. A type of diagram that represents the organizational structure of a company.

Answer 3

A. A type of chart that contains both bars and a line graph, where individual values are represented in descending order by bars, and the cumulative total is represented by the line.

Question 4

What is the best description of a Scatter Diagram?

A. A type of chart that represents a workflow or process, showing the steps as boxes of various kinds, their order by connecting them with arrows.

B. A graphical representation of data in the form of a pie or doughnut chart.

C. A type of diagram that represents the organizational structure of a company.

D. A graphical representation that uses dots to represent the values obtained for two different variables, providing a visual correlation between them.

Answer 4

D. A graphical representation that uses dots to represent the values obtained for two different variables, providing a visual correlation between them.

Question 5

What is the best description of a Control Chart?

A. A type of chart that represents a workflow or process, showing the steps as boxes of various kinds, their order by connecting them with arrows.

B. A graphical representation of data in the form of a pie or doughnut chart.

C. A type of diagram that represents the organizational structure of a company.

D. A statistical tool used in quality control to determine if a manufacturing or business process is in a state of control, typically with a central line for the average, an upper line for the upper control limit, and a lower line for the lower control limit.

Answer 5

D. A statistical tool used in quality control to determine if a manufacturing or business process is in a state of control, typically with a central line for the average, an upper line for the upper control limit, and a lower line for the lower control limit.

Question 6

What is the best description of an Affinity Diagram?

A. A type of chart that represents a workflow or process, showing the steps as boxes of various kinds, their order by connecting them with arrows.

B. A graphical representation of data in the form of a pie or doughnut chart.

C. A type of diagram that represents the organizational structure of a company.

D. A business tool used to organize ideas and data, often used by teams for brainstorming sessions to group ideas visually in clusters for better analysis and decision-making.

Answer 6

D. A business tool used to organize ideas and data, often used by teams for brainstorming sessions to group ideas visually in clusters for better analysis and decision-making.

Question 7

What is the best description of a Cause-and-Effect Chart?

A. A type of chart that represents a workflow or process, showing the steps as boxes of various kinds, their order by connecting them with arrows.

B. A graphical representation of data in the form of a pie or doughnut chart.

C. A type of diagram that represents the organizational structure of a company.

D. A visual tool used to systematically analyze and understand the causes of a problem, often referred to as a Fishbone Diagram or Ishikawa Diagram.

Answer 7

D. A visual tool used to systematically analyze and understand the causes of a problem, often referred to as a Fishbone Diagram or Ishikawa Diagram.

Question 8

Which chart would you use to represent a workflow or process, showing the steps as boxes of various kinds, their order by connecting them with arrows?
A. Pareto Chart
B. Scatter Diagram
C. Flowchart
D. Control Chart

Answer 8

C. Flowchart.

Question 9

Which chart would you use that contains both bars and a line graph, where individual values are represented in descending order by bars, and the cumulative total is represented by the line?
A. Pareto Chart
B. Scatter Diagram
C. Flowchart
D. Control Chart

Answer 9

A. Pareto Chart.

Question 10

Which chart would you use that uses dots to represent the values obtained for two different variables, providing a visual correlation between them?
A. Pareto Chart
B. Scatter Diagram
C. Flowchart
D. Control Chart

Answer 10

B. Scatter Diagram.

Question 11

Which chart would you use that is a statistical tool used in quality control to determine if a manufacturing or business process is in a state of control?
A. Pareto Chart
B. Scatter Diagram
C. Flowchart
D. Control Chart

Answer 11

D. Control Chart.

Question 12

Which chart would you use to organize ideas and data, often used by teams for brainstorming sessions to group ideas visually in clusters for better analysis and decision-making?
A. Pareto Chart
B. Scatter Diagram
C. Flowchart
D. Affinity Diagram

Answer 12

D. Affinity Diagram.

Question 13

Which chart would you use that is a visual tool used to systematically analyze and understand the causes of a problem?
A. Pareto Chart
B. Scatter Diagram
C. Flowchart
D. Cause-and-Effect Chart

Answer 13

D. Cause-and-Effect Chart.

Question 14

What is the best description of a Requirements Traceability Matrix?
A. A tool used to track the relationship between two variables.
B. A document that links requirements throughout the validation process.
C. A chart that represents a workflow or process.
D. A diagram that represents the organizational structure of a company.

Answer 14

B. A document that links requirements throughout the validation process.

Question 15

What is the primary purpose of a Requirements Traceability Matrix?
A. To organize ideas and data for brainstorming sessions.
B. To represent a workflow or process.
C. To ensure every requirement is tested and validate that all requirements have been met.
D. To represent the organizational structure of a company.

Answer 15

C. To ensure every requirement is tested and validate that all requirements have been met.

Question 16

Which of the following is typically included in a Requirements Traceability Matrix?
A. Requirement ID, Requirement Description, Source of Requirement, Test Case ID.
B. Requirement ID, Organizational Structure, Workflow Process.
C. Requirement Description, Pie Chart, Doughnut Chart.
D. Source of Requirement, Organizational Structure, Workflow Process.

Answer 16

A. Requirement ID, Requirement Description, Source of Requirement, Test Case ID.

Question 17

When is a Requirements Traceability Matrix typically created in the project lifecycle?
A. During the project closure phase.
B. During the project initiation phase.
C. During the project planning phase.
D. During the project execution phase.

Answer 17

C. During the project planning phase.

Question 18

Which theory suggests that an individual’s behavior is motivated by anticipated results and potential success?
A. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
B. Halo Effect
C. Vroom’s Expectancy Theory
D. Deductive Planning

Answer 18

C. Vroom’s Expectancy Theory

Question 19

Which theory proposes a five-tier model of human needs, often depicted as hierarchical levels within a pyramid?
A. Halo Effect
B. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
C. Expressive Planning
D. Rolling Wave Planning

Answer 19

B. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

Question 20

Which cognitive bias influences how positive impressions of a person, company, or brand in one area positively influence one’s opinion or feelings in other areas?
A. High-Level Planning
B. Halo Effect
C. Deductive Planning
D. Vroom’s Expectancy Theory

Answer 20

B. Halo Effect

Question 21

Which planning approach focuses on using multiple forms of creative expression to articulate an individual’s inner world?
A. Expressive Planning
B. Rolling Wave Planning
C. High-Level Planning
D. Deductive Planning

Answer 21

A. Expressive Planning

Question 22

Which planning approach considers the resources, time, and goals required to complete a project and monitors them over a certain period of time, specifically focusing on the milestones a team should reach at different stages of a project?
A. Deductive Planning
B. Expressive Planning
C. High-Level Planning
D. Rolling Wave Planning

Answer 22

C. High-Level Planning

Question 23

Which planning technique involves breaking a project into phases, with only the first phase planned out in detail upfront, and future phases adapted and detailed at each new stage based on new information and learnings?
A. High-Level Planning
B. Rolling Wave Planning
C. Expressive Planning
D. Deductive Planning

Answer 23

B. Rolling Wave Planning

Question 24

Which planning approach involves starting with a rule or general principle and then applying it to numerous examples with the aim of correctly applying the rule?
A. Expressive Planning
B. High-Level Planning
C. Rolling Wave Planning
D. Deductive Planning

Answer 24

D. Deductive Planning

Question 25

Correctness of deliverables is a good way to describe ________.

A. High grade
B. Completed deliverables
C. Verified deliverables
D. Technical specifications

Answer 25

Correctness of deliverables is a good way to describe C. Verified Deliverables. This term refers to the deliverables that have been checked and confirmed to meet the specified requirements. They are not just completed (option B), but have also been tested and validated for correctness. Options A and D do not directly relate to the correctness of deliverables. A high grade (option A) is a measure of quality, and technical specifications (option D) are the detailed requirements that the deliverables should meet. However, neither implies that the deliverables are correct or have been verified. Therefore, option C is the best answer.

Question 26

Who defines quality, according to the modern quality management approach?

A. Quality metrics are defined by engineering
B. The project quality assurance lead
C. The executive team
D. The customer

Answer 26

The correct answer is D. The customer. In modern quality management, quality is defined by the customer’s perception and requirements.

Question 27

Which of the following tools is best for trend analysis?

A. Pareto diagram
B. Scatter chart
C. Fishbone diagram
D. Control chart

Answer 27

The correct answer is D. Control chart. Control charts are used to study how a process changes over time and identify trends.

Question 28

You are planning the quality process and want to consider all aspects, such as which charts/graphs to use or what metrics to measure against. What is an additional concern when planning quality?

A. Cause and Effect
B. Benchmarking
C. Cost of Quality
D. Cost Benefits Analysis

Answer 28

The correct answer is C. Cost of Quality. The cost of quality includes costs associated with preventing, detecting, and correcting defects.

Question 29

Your team has discovered an issue during testing and the resolution is proving to be very challenging. They have unsuccessfully tried many different approaches to fix the issue, however, you notice their approach to fixing the issue has been haphazard and ineffective (let’s see what happens if we change this factor). What would be your best advice to the team?

A. Use a scatter diagram to document the factors causing the outcome
B. First determine the root cause of this issue using the Ishikawa approach
C. Monitor the results through the use of control charts to determine the trend and where the process may be going out of control
D. Plot the results of all the changed factors using the Pareto Diagram approach

Answer 29

The correct answer is B. First determine the root cause of this issue using the Ishikawa approach. The Ishikawa or fishbone diagram is a tool used to identify the root cause of a problem.

Question 30

Dave is a project manager working in the food packaging industry. Dave is performing quality control and wants to rank order the frequency of conveyor delay and container defects. Which of the following tools or techniques should he utilize?

A. Control Chart
B. Gantt Chart
C. Pareto Chart
D. Cause-and-effect diagram

Answer 30

The correct answer is C. Pareto Chart. A Pareto chart can help Dave to rank order the frequency of conveyor delay and container defects.

Question 31

An Ishakawa or fishbone chart is a type of:

A. Cause and effect diagram
B. Control chart
C. Histogram
D. Scatter diagram

Answer 31

The correct answer is A. Cause and effect diagram. The Ishikawa or fishbone chart is a type of cause-and-effect diagram used to identify the root causes of a problem.

Question 32

You are performing structured independent reviews to ensure compliance with the project’s quality policies and procedures. Which of the following is true about the process this describes?

A. It is the process of monitoring and recording results of executing the quality activities to assess performance.
B. It identifies causes of poor process or product quality and recommends action to eliminate them.
C. It is performed throughout the project.
D. It ensures appropriate quality standards and operational definitions are used.

Answer 32

The correct answer is C. It is performed throughout the project. Structured independent reviews, also known as audits, are performed throughout the project to ensure compliance with the project’s quality policies and procedures.

Question 33

Which theory proposes that an individual’s needs are the driving force behind their behavior, focusing on three primary needs: achievement, power, and affiliation?

A. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
B. Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory
C. McClelland’s Theory of Needs
D. Vroom’s Expectancy Theory

Answer 33

C. McClelland’s Theory of Needs

Question 34

According to McClelland’s Theory of Needs, which need drives a person to work and even struggle for the objective that they want to achieve?

A. Need for Power
B. Need for Affiliation
C. Need for Achievement
D. Need for Self-Actualization

Answer 34

C. Need for Achievement

Question 36

According to McClelland’s Theory of Needs, which need drives an individual to seek acceptance and friendship, and to maintain harmonious social relationships?

A. Need for Power
B. Need for Affiliation
C. Need for Achievement
D. Need for Self-Actualization

Answer 36

B. Need for Affiliation

Question 37

In which organizational structure do team members report to both a functional manager and a project manager, leading to divided loyalty?
o A) Functional
o B) Matrix
o C) Project-oriented
o D) None of the above

Answer 37

Answer: B) Matrix

Question 38

In a functional organizational structure, how is the project manager’s role typically characterized?
o A) Full-time and responsible
o B) Coordinator or part-time
o C) Seldom identified
o D) High control over team members

Answer 38

Answer: C) Seldom identified

Question 39

Which organizational structure often has team members working part-time on projects while still being responsible to a functional manager?
o A) Functional
o B) Matrix
o C) Project-oriented
o D) All of the above

Answer 39

Answer: B) Matrix

Question 40

In a project-oriented organizational structure, how much control does the project manager have over team members?
o A) Nonexistent
o B) Medium – shared with functional manager/sponsor
o C) High – full control
o D) Not applicable

Answer 40

Answer: C) High – full control

Question 41

In which organizational structure are team members often working full-time on the project?
o A) Functional
o B) Matrix
o C) Project-oriented
o D) All of the above

Answer 41

Answer: C) Project-oriented

Question 42

In which organizational structure does the project manager have medium control over team members, shared with the functional manager/sponsor?
o A) Functional
o B) Matrix
o C) Project-oriented
o D) Not applicable

Answer 42

Answer: B) Matrix

Question 43

In which organizational structure is team member loyalty primarily to the project?
o A) Functional
o B) Matrix
o C) Project-oriented
o D) None of the above

Answer 43

Answer: C) Project-oriented

Question 44

In which organizational structure is the project manager’s role often full-time and responsible?
* A) Functional
* B) Matrix
* C) Project-oriented
* D) All of the above

Answer 44

Answer: C) Project-oriented

Question 45

In which organizational structure are team members often working part-time on the project while still being responsible to a functional manager?
* A) Functional
* B) Matrix
* C) Project-oriented
* D) All of the above

Answer 45

Answer: A) Functional

Question 46

In which organizational structure does the project manager have high control over team members?
* A) Functional
* B) Matrix
* C) Project-oriented
* D) Not applicable

Answer 46

Answer: C) Project-oriented

Question 47

In which organizational structure do team members report only to a functional manager?
* A) Functional
* B) Matrix
* C) Project-oriented
* D) None of the above

Answer 47

Answer: A) Functional

Question 48

In which organizational structure is the project manager’s role often a coordinator or part-time on the project?
* A) Functional
* B) Matrix
* C) Project-oriented
* D) All of the above

Answer 48

Answer: B) Matrix

Question 49

In which organizational structure are team members often working full-time on the project and are preferred to be responsible?
* A) Functional
* B) Matrix
* C) Project-oriented
* D) All of the above

Answer 49

Answer: C) Project-oriented

Question 50

In which organizational structure does the project manager have nonexistent control over team members?
* A) Functional
* B) Matrix
* C) Project-oriented
* D) Not applicable

Answer 50

Answer: A) Functional

Question 51

In which organizational structure is team member loyalty primarily to the department or function?
* A) Functional
* B) Matrix
* C) Project-oriented
* D) None of the above

Answer 51

Answer: A) Functional

Question 52

In which organizational structure is the project manager’s role often a coordinator or part-time on the project?
* A) Functional
* B) Matrix
* C) Project-oriented
* D) All of the above

Answer 52

Answer: B) Matrix

Question 53

In which organizational structure are team members often working part-time on the project?
* A) Functional
* B) Matrix
* C) Project-oriented
* D) All of the above

Answer 53

Answer: A) Functional

Question 54

In which organizational structure does the project manager have medium control over team members, shared with the functional manager/sponsor?
* A) Functional
* B) Matrix
* C) Project-oriented
* D) Not applicable

Answer 54

Answer: B) Matrix