Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

USA > Problems in Term 2 > Flashcards

Problems in Term 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What type of solutions was the New Deal trying to create which did not sit well with the Supreme Court?

A

National level solutions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How many new justices did FDR wish to appoint? What was this one for every…?

A

6

one for every justice over 70

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What did FDR’s court packing plan presume?

A

that it was the elder justices who were the most conservative

this was not the case

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Who died as a result of trying to pass FDR’s court packing plan?

A

Senator Robinson of Arkansas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Was FDR’s court packing plan legal? what was its prime interest if not to further democracy?

A

Yes it was legal

wasn’t seeking to further democracy
sought to get the New Deal political agenda passed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What was occurring at a similar time to FDR’s Court Packing Plan scandal?

A

USA entering the ‘Roosevelt Recession’

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What was the New Deal’s true legacy

A

creating an environment of social security

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

In 18months 1935-36 how many laws did the S.C deem unconstitutional?

A

11

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

In 140years prior to 1935 how many laws did the S.C rule unconstitutional?

A

only 60

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what was black monday? when was it?

A

May 1935

several attacks on New Deal by Supreme Court

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What was it about the NRA which the New Deal objected to?

A

did not believe the federal government had powers to intervene in INTERNAL commerce of states

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What can the philosophy of the S.C be concluded as?

A

pro-federalism

anti-centralisation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What was the decision against the AAA in terms of judges for and against?

A

6 to 3 against the AAA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How many of the 9 supreme court judges were appointed by FDR?

A

0

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How many of the 9 supreme court judges were appointed by democrat presidents?

A

1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What was the name for the collection of conservative justices who were extremely opposed to the New Deal?

A

“Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What did FDR see the justices as being in relation to govnerment?

A

saw the justices as unelected officials hindering the work of a democratically elected government

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what did FDR claim that increasing the number of justices was to do ?

A

lessen the work loan for justices

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What was FDR’s judicial reform bill rejected on a ratio to?

A

rejected 70 : 20 in the Senate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What did the S.C beginning to uphold the New Deal legislation prove?

A

that they were not legally consistent, but were politically smart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What did FDR lose in his pack the court plan?

A

his popularity and hold on congress which he never regained

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What did FDR’s loss of hold on congress after PTC plan mean had to be dropped?

A

the creation of multiple TVAs

the Anti-Lynching Bill failed to get through

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Rural America had what majority of seats in Congress

A

54/96

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

When did FDR call a special session of Congress in which none of his legislation was passed?

A

November 1937

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What was achieved in FDR’s special session of Congress in november 1937

A

nothing - no single measure was passed

big congress to FDR’s first 100days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What was drafted against the New Deal at the special congress of November 1937

A

the Conservative Manifesto

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What did FDR attempt and fail to do in 1938?

A

to unseat several conservatives (including from within his own party)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

How many seats did Republicans gain in the senate in 1938?

A

8 seats

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

what happened to Republican’s representation in the House in 1938?

A

doubled their representation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What was organised as a reaction to the AAA giving little consideration to tenants / sharecroppers?

A

Alabama Sharecroppers Union

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What was the reaction to the Alabama Sharecroppers Union?

A

received violence from state officials

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Why was FDR reluctant to intervene with violence being done by state officials to the Alabama Sharecroppers Union>

A

reliant on support from Southern Democrats

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

How many people migrated to California during the Dustbowl? What was the colloquial term to describe them?

A

220,000

Okies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

How many people were made homeless by post-dustbowl rains?

A

150,000

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

When were the post-dustbowl rains?

A

1937

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

What was the rate of TVA electricity per kWh?

A

$2-2.5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

What was the national average for electricity per kWh?

A

$5.5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Who wanted to see large industry-wide unions set up?

A

John Lewis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

What organisation did John Lewis set up?

A

Committee of Industrial Organisations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Was labour successful at getting big business to recognise them? Give an example

A

not necessarily

Ford used muscle men to beat up unionists

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

What X3 things did the Wagner Act do for unions?

A
  • prohibited companies for firing union members
  • created labour relation board
  • strengthened collective bargaining process
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Whom did the Wagner Act not apply to?

A

many in domestic service + agriculture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

When was the Fair Labour Standards Act introduced?

A

1938

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

What did the Fair Labour Standards Act introduce?

A
  • prohibited child labour
  • introduced 40hour week
  • introduced minimum wage
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

What was the Fair Labour Standards Act recognition of?

A

stimulating consumption was necessary to recovery and increased growth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

What was notable about the realignment of unions and the democratic party and their funding?

A

By 1940 unions made the largest contribution to the Democratic Party’s campaign funds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

What was expenditure reduced to from 1936 levels in 1937?

A

1937 expenditure : $7.7billion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

What was the deficit in 1936?

A

$4.4billion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

During the Roosevelt Recession what did unemployment rise to by early 1938 and from what?

A

from 6million to 10million

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

What did car manufacturing fall by during the Roosevelt Recession?

A

50%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

What did employment in manufacturing fall by during the Roosevelt recession?

A

23%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

what did the stock market collapse by during the Roosevelt Recession?

A

30%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

What % of gains made during the New Deal were lost?

A

66%

54
Q

What did farm prices fall by during the Roosevelt Recession?

A

20%

55
Q

What was set up to investigate price fixing after the Roosevelt Recession?

A

Temporary National Economic Committee

56
Q

Who was made the scapegoat of the Roosevelt Recession?

A

big business

57
Q

Which treasurer advised FDR to again balance the budget?

A

Morgenthal

58
Q

Who advised FDR to return to deficit spending?

A

Eccles (Chief of Federal Reserve Board)

59
Q

What did FDR request Congress to vote for him in April 1938 to relieve the Roosevelt Recession?

A

a $3.8billion relief budget

60
Q

When did Roosevelt request the $3.8billion relief budget to aid the Roosevelt Recession

A

April 1938

61
Q

What was the progress like to return from the Roosevelt recession? Give evidence

A

slow

unemployment still 9million by 1939

62
Q

By 1939 what figure still required relief?

A

1 out of 5

63
Q

When did production briefly pass 1929 levels, but then slip below again?

A

1937

64
Q

What was the national total of per person income in 1938, was this higher than in 1929?

A

$73billion

no, lower

65
Q

how much lower was total personal income in 1939 than 1929?

A

$13billion lower

66
Q

What was the population increase between 1929 to 1939?

A

9million

67
Q

Was the wage average higher or lower in 1939 compared to 1929?

A

Lower in 1939

68
Q

What was the average wage in 1939?

A

$23.86

69
Q

What was the average wage in 1929?

A

$25.03

70
Q

What was the price indices of 1939 compared to the 100.0 of 1926? Was this higher or lower than 1929?

A

77.1

Lower by almost 20

71
Q

What did a lower price indices in 1939 than 1929 show?

A

prices fell by more than wages

those in work could afford to buy more

72
Q

What was the deficit in 1937? Was this greater than 1936>

A

$2.7billion

no, $1.7billion less than in 1936

73
Q

Why was social security not strictly relief?

A
  • system was self-financing (financed out of contributions)
  • did not help the most desperate
  • amounts spent inadequate
74
Q

Pre-1930 how much was spent on relief?

A

virtually nothing

75
Q

In 1930 how much was spent on relief?

A

$9million

76
Q

By 1940 how much was spent on relief?

A

$479million

77
Q

BY 1940 how much was spent on unemployment benefit?

A

$480million

78
Q

What did the vast amount of relief mean the public was increasingly seeing government as?

A

their saviour

79
Q

What was election participation like during the 1930s?

A

constantly increasing

80
Q

What was election participation pre-1928?

A

under 50%

81
Q

What was election participation in 1936/40?

A

62%

82
Q

What were FDR’s budget deficits of 1937/38 in comparison to Hoovers?

A

lower than Hoover’s in 1932

83
Q

Who were the NRA codes largely drawn up by?

A

members of big business

84
Q

Countries who did not adopt mass public spending came out what in terms of the Depression

A

came out first

85
Q

What happened to the USA in terms of rate of coming out of Depression?

A

was one of the slowest countries out

86
Q

What do some commentators suggest the new deal was a lost opportunity for…?

A

to bring in more socialist economic system and deal with greater equality of wealth

87
Q

What quote did FDR say in terms of needing to deal with his Southern Democrat supporters?

A

“i did not choose the tools with which I must work”

88
Q

When were anti-lynching bills proposed?

A

1934 and 1937

89
Q

What was African-American admittance into the CCC like?

A

very rare

when accepted there was mass strict segregation

90
Q

what was colloquial term for the NRA

A

negro run around

91
Q

what did the NRA allow in terms of negroes?

A

allowed them to be paid less than whites

92
Q

what did the AAA do for blacks?

A

very little - ignored plight of sharecroppers / tenants being displaced

93
Q

What did the 2nd New Deal do for blacks?

A

improved their conditions

94
Q

In 1935 how much black families were on relief?

A

30%

95
Q

By 1936 how many African-american delegates were at the Democratic convention?

A

30

96
Q

Who was the 1st African-American congressman?

A

arthur mitchell

97
Q

How many blacks held WPA jobs in 1939?

A

1million

98
Q

When did 1million blacks hold WPA jobs?

A

1939

99
Q

By what did the number of blacks in the civil service increase by 1932-41?

A

X3

100
Q

Who led the negro division of the NYA?

A

Mary Belthume

101
Q

What fraction of federal housing went to blacks?

A

1/3

102
Q

How many African-American wards did FDR win out of 15 in 1932?

A

4

103
Q

How many African-American wards did FDR win out of 15 in 1940?

A

15

104
Q

What % of blacks had the vote in the south?

A

only 5%

105
Q

Who arranged for Marion Anderson to sign at the Lincoln Memorial after being refused at Constitution Hall?

A

Harold Ickes

106
Q

Who sat in the coloured section at a Conference on Human Welfare in 1938?

A

Eleanor Roosevelt

107
Q

Where did Eleanor Roosevelt show solidarity for blacks at a public event?

A

Conference on Human Welfare in 1938

108
Q

What did FDR introduce in response to Randolph threatening a march in Washington in 1941 against racism in defence factories

A

introduced the Fair Employment Practices Committee

109
Q

Who was head of FDR’s Bureau of Indian Affairs?

A

John Collier

110
Q

How many Indian’s did the CCC recruit?

A

12,000

111
Q

How many Indian’s were there is a 1930 census?

A

332,000

112
Q

What Act was passed and when which halted sales of further tribal lands to protect the Indians?

A

Indian Reorganisation Act

113
Q

What was the other name for the Indian Reorganisation Act?

A

Wheeler-Howard Act

114
Q

What act did the Indian Reorganisation Act replace?

A

the Dawes Act

115
Q

What did the Indian Reorganisation Act grant Indians?

A

tribal sovereignty

116
Q

What did Collier create? How many did it employ?

A

the Indian Emergency Conservation Plan

employed 85,000 Indians

117
Q

What was a limitation of the Indian Reorganisation Act?

A

still practically tied to and confined to their own land

118
Q

Who was the Secretary of Labour, what was notable about this?

A

Frances Perkins

one of many women in high government office

119
Q

Who was the first female ambassador?

A

Ruth Owen

120
Q

Why did politicians not set out to seek the female vote?

A 
did not vote as a gender group 
voted more along class lines
121
Q

What did the NRA allow for for women?

A

to be paid less than men

122
Q

What was notable about the CCC and women?

A

did not employ women at all

123
Q

Average annual wage for women

What was this in relation to men

A

$525

1/2 of men’s

124
Q

Economy Act did what for women?

A

made many unemployed

banned members of the same family for working for federal government at the same time

125
Q

Out of all Presidents from 1920s-1940s - who was the only one who sought to reverse the growth of government?

A

Coolidge

126
Q

What was notable about FDR and the growth of government?

A

continued a growth process which was already underway

127
Q

During the War what did government spending grow by in relation to the previous 150years?

A

double

128
Q

What was spent on state expenditure in 1902?

A

$1billion

129
Q

What was spent on state expenditure in 1938?

A

$10billion

130
Q

Quote from the Economist on role of FDR

A

Mr Roosevelt may have given the wrong answers to many of his problems. But he is at least the first president of modern America who has asked the right questions

USA (33 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions