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USA > America Impacts of WWI > Flashcards

America Impacts of WWI Flashcards

1
Q

When was the Quota Act (Emergency Immigrant Law) placing an annual ceiling to only 3% of a countries nationals allowed to live in USA

A

1921

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2
Q

When was the Johnson-Reed Immigration Act introduced

A

1924

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3
Q

What did the 1924 Johnson-Reed Immigration Act create

A

an “Asiatic Barred Zone”
= stopped migration from Japan, China etc. almost entirely

put absolute ceiling of 157,000 per year on total immigration

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4
Q

Who did migration laws not apply to

A

Mexicans

cheap labour source

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5
Q

What did the 1921 QuotaAct do

A

placed annual ceiling on immigration from any European country

only 3% of their nationals can live in USA

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6
Q

1907 annual immigration average

A

850,000+

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7
Q

When were the Chicago race riots - how many killed

A

1919, X38 killed

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8
Q

How many lynched between 1918-27

A

454

over 415 blacks

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9
Q

How was the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Test used as ammunition for racism

A

test used in WWI Army Recruiting - Eastern Europeans score low (recently migrated)

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10
Q

In what election did both parties declare they were pro-female suffrage

A

1916

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11
Q

When did NY give the vote to women

A

1917

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12
Q

When was the 19th Amendment passed, what did it change?

A

August 1920

allowed female suffrage

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13
Q

What was significant about the 19th Amendment timing?

A

in time for 1920 general election

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14
Q

what impact did 19th amendment have in terms of electoral voting swing

A

very little,

found women tend to vote along same orthodox lines (class, regional lines) as men / husbands

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15
Q

How many were arrested as part of the Palmer Raids in Jan 1920

How many were deported?

A

6,000 suspected revolutionaries arrested

4,000 deported

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16
Q

What was happening in Russia during the time of the Red Scare in USA?

A

1917 - Bolshevik revolution had just occurred

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17
Q

in 1919 how many workers went on strike

Give an example

A

x4million workers

Police strike in Boston

18
Q

In 1919 several anarchist bombings occurred in the USA,

Who were these done by?

Where were they from?

X2 of their targets

A

GALLEANI and his followers

Italian anarchists

Rockefeller & Palmer

19
Q

Why was there a revival in religious fundamentalism?

Why was there the strongest rise in religious fundamentalism in urban areas amongst urbanites?

A

mass immigration of Catholics and concerns of rising crime / immorality

urbanites were reacting to sinfulness of neighbours

20
Q

What notorious trial was brought forward by the Anti-Evolution League - with it being illegal for evolution to be taught in schools?

A

Scopes Trial 1925

21
Q

What did the Scopes Trial of 1925 highlight?

A

small town beliefs vs urban dwellers

22
Q

How many troops were drafted?

A

4million drafted

23
Q

What opposite did the women’s suffrage movement receive?

A

from alcohol / textile trades

textiles mainly employed female workforce - feared they would gain influence

24
Q

When did over 50% of the US population live in cities?

A

1920

54million live in cities

25
Q

What can support for Republican presidents be seen as a reaction to in terms of urbanisation?

A

Urban environments seen as wild and sinful - especially as hub for new international migrants

Seen as threat to traditional way of life

26
Q

Name X2 notorious gangsters

A

Torrio - made $30million

Al Capone - “turf wars”

27
Q

Where was perhaps the greatest hub of gangsterism?

A

Chicago

28
Q

How many murders did Al Capone’s gang alone commit in Chicago?

A

300

29
Q

What can the prohibition be seen as a reaction to?

A

religious reaction to godlessness of many americans

30
Q

Why was the prohibition movement accelerated post-war

A

argued the US needed to demonstrate “restrained behaviour” to be part of the “brace new world”

31
Q

What were the waters off the US coast known as in relation to prohibition due to the illegal imports of alcohol

A

rum row

32
Q

During war how much more land was taken into cultivation?

A

25%

33
Q

What happened to the number of acres in production during the 1920s?

A

decreased by 13million acres

34
Q

What did the use of tractors mean for production?

A

less demand for animal feed

but improved mechanisation, use of tractors, animal husbandry = overproduction

35
Q

When was the Stanford-Binet Test introduced?

Where was it introduced?

Who was it meant to be a disadvantage to?

A

1917

Military standardised test

Disadvantage to Eastern Europeans who had only recently migrated to the USA

36
Q

The introduction of standardised testing which appeared to show lack of intelligence was used to justify what in relation to immigration?

A

Immigration policy was now apparently based on biological science and fact

37
Q

What was the Act of 1921 also known as

What was it the first act to do?

A

The Dillingham Act

Set quotas on the amount of immigration based on the country of origin

First act to actively seek the reduction in European immigration into the USA

38
Q

The Passing of the Great Race capitalised on the fear of what?

A

fear of anglo-american stock being contaminated, sought its preservation

fear of ‘hyphenated-americans’
with different languages / cultures / religions

39
Q

What happened to wages over the course of WWI?
Who especially for?

How did this contribute to the boom?

A

increased on real terms 20%
especially for unskilled workers

people accumulated spending since there were no consumer goods being produced

40
Q

What board allocated war materials during WWI?

What did this mean in terms of post-WWI boom?

A

War Industries Board prioritised defence industry
= so lack of consumer goods and domestic construction projects

post-WWI sees boom in these two sectors

41
Q

What happened to trade due to WWI?

What limited this?

A

exports drastically increased

e. g Chemicals X10
e. g food by 300%

but 1920 = loans to allies ceased
so less demand can be funded - exports decrease

42
Q

What Act placed taxes of up to 65% on people in WWI?

What did it do to the number of tax payers?

How was the boom linked to this?

A

Revenue Act 1917 increases taxes to 65% and increases number of payers to 5%

Mellon able to reduce taxes and number of payers during 1920s = stimulates consumption

USA (33 decks)

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