Gearing Up Industry for WWII Flashcards

1
Q

What did government do in terms of encouraging companies to retool for military production?

A

gave companies who did retool for military production massive tax breaks

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2
Q

The largest 10 corporations were given what fraction of war production contracts?

A

2/3

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3
Q

When did FDR begin USA’s research into nuclear weapons?

A

1939

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4
Q

Who designed the Liberty Ship?

A

Kaiser

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5
Q

Kaiser’s nickname

A

Sir Launchalot

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6
Q

What did the liberty ship have the capacity for?

A

3,000 jeeps

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7
Q

What was notable about the liberty ship?

A

speed of production extreme

normal production time of 17days
fastest recorded was 4 days

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8
Q

What was the name of the world’s largest aircraft factory? Who was responsible?

A

Willow Run

Ford

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9
Q

How long was the assembly line at Willow Run?

A

1,600m long

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10
Q

How many bombers a day was Willow Run producing?

A

10 daily

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11
Q

What was notable about war production in the Ford Motor Company?

A

produced more military equipment during war than all of Italy

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12
Q

Mass investment in technology and methods of production. What was a notable export of the USA’s?

A

synthetic rubber

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13
Q

What was notable about synthetic rubber in terms of imports and exports?

A

pre-war : USA largest rubber importer

post-war : USA largest synthetic rubber exporter

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14
Q

How many synthetic rubber plants constructed?

A

51

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15
Q

How many people moved to California to find employment in defence industries?

A

2million

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16
Q

In 1939 how many aircraft were produced?

A

only 2,000

17
Q

In 1942 how many aircraft were produced?

A

47,000

18
Q

In 1944 how many aircraft were produced?

A

96,300

19
Q

How many army trucks had USA built by end of war? How many did all of the axis powers hold?

A

600,000 US built

88,000 held by axis powers

20
Q

How many men in the army in 1939?

How were these employed?

A

250,000

voluntary capacity

21
Q

How many men in army by 1945?

  • total
  • African Americans
  • American Indians
  • Japanese Americans

What percentage were drafted?

A

Total : 12million +

  • 900,000 African Americans
  • 20,000 American Indians
  • 33,000 Japanese americans

60% of people drafted

22
Q

what was the % of African-Americans within the federal workforce?

1942 :

1945 :

A

1942 : 3%

1945 : 10%

23
Q

How many Japanese Americans were forced to relocate?

What did this result in?

A

110,000 Japanese americans

Their homes and businesses being looted

24
Q

Production as a percentage of 1926 production;

  • 1940 :
  • 1944 :
A

1940 : 10% > 1926

1944 : 250% > 1926

25
Q

What does industrial production figures say about recovery and the New Deal?

A

No sustained production levels about 1920s figures during the New Deal

only post-1940 was this production met and sustained -

suggests spending was the way to recovery - was not attempted on an adequate scale prior

26
Q

Which executive order set up the Fair EMPLOYMENT PRACTICES COMMITTEE?

When was it set up?

A

E.O 8802

1941

27
Q

What was the Act which gave the President permission to seize and operate privately owned industrial plants if threatened or interfered with by strike action

When was it signed?

What was notable about its signing?

A

Smith-Connally War Labor Disputes Act

1943

Went over President Roosevelt’s veto

28
Q

How many days of work were lost due to strike action in 1942 - the year before the Smith-Connally War Labour Disputes Act?

A

0.05%

29
Q

Government spending as % of GDP;

1938 :

1939 :

A key reason for the increase

A

1938 : 8%

1939 : 40%

Rearmament from December 1938

30
Q

Investment in Navy and Defence in 1940;

A

Navy = $4billion

Defence = $17billion

31
Q

Debt;

  • 1941
  • 1945
A

1941 : $41billion

1945 : $260billion

32
Q

Spending on defence;

  • pre-1940s investment
  • 1944
A
  • pre-1940s investment : $2billion

- 1944 : $90billion

33
Q

Government spending in;

  • 1945
  • 1948
A
  • 1945 : $95billion

- 1948 : $36.5billion

34
Q

GNP :

1938 -

1939 -

1940 -

A

1938 : $85billion

1939 : $91billion

1940 : $100billion

35
Q

GNP:

  • 1940
  • 1945
  • 1960
A

1940 - $100billion

1945 - $213billion

1960 - $500billion